Nyama ndi zomera ndi malo. nyama freshwaters

The zomera za matupi madzi mu malo awo m'magulu ziwiri zazikulu. The choyamba - ndi zooplankton, ndipo chachiwiri - ndi benthos. Zooplankton amakhala mwachindunji mu ndime madzi ndi benthos akuchita pansi. magulu osiyana kupanga zinthu zimene zimakhala anthu kapena zinthu zina, zomera adalowetsedwa, komanso nsomba. Choncho, zomera ndi nyama ndi madamu - nanga?

zomera

Iwo unatenga lonse chilengedwe m'madzi. Mu nyanja ndi mitsinje, m'mayiwewa ndi mitsinje kukula ndi kuberekana zosiyanasiyana oimira dziko la zomera. Kwa zaka mamiliyoni kusanduka iwo mwangwiro ndinazolowera momwe zachilengedwe ziriri mu malo a. Ena kwathunthu adalowetsedwa m'madzi, pamene ena kukula pamwamba pake yosalala. Ena moyo ili m'malire a madzi, dziko lapansi ndi mlengalenga. Ife kukuuzani wotchuka kwambiri a iwo.

Air chithaphwi

Ndipamene m'nkhalango yaikulu ku madzi osaya. masamba ake ndi amphamvu ndi xiphoid mawonekedwe. Zafika kutali mpaka mamita 1.5. Mu Calamus ali pomwepo kenaka yaitali, yokutidwa ndi kuda masamba akufa. Izi rhizomes - odziwika mankhwala a matenda ena. Ntchito pophikira (zonunkhira), ndi zodzoladzola.

bulrush

zomera tikunena kugombe madambo aakulu. pomwepo kenaka ake zokwawa ndipo ali mkati dzenje. Wakuda tsinde cylindrical mawonekedwe limatuluka ndi kutalika mamita 2. Iye korona khalidwe cones bulauni pamodzi whisk a. Short ndi ouma masamba anakonza mu mmunsi mwa bulrush tsinde. M'nkhalango ya zomera ndi zina kuwoloka khoma akuzinga dziwe, kupereka okhalamo pogona odalirika.

kakombo madzi

zomera sikawirikawiri anawona mu madzi otsika. Kwambiri ndichifukwa umakhala m'madambo mchere, oxbows ndi derali. pomwepo kenaka ake amphamvu ali amphamvu adventitious mizu ndi masamba ndi chowulungika, atakhala pa petioles yaitali, akuyandama pamadzi. Mmodzi wa okongola kwambiri madzi kakombo mbewu akuti ndi moyera-. Kuti iye odzipereka kwambiri a ndakatulo ndi nthano.

topezeka ake

Amadziwika kuti moyo wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malo komanso ndife osiyana. N'chifukwa chake mitundu zikuchokera nyama zimene zimakhala mu loyenda madzi lomwe wosiyana, nyama sojourns yekha mu madzi patsogolo. M'nkhaniyi tiona, ndithudi, sangathe kufotokoza kusiyana kwa zomera Komabe, dziwani waukulu gulu la ziweto okhala matupi awa madzi.

zooplankton

Mitundu ya nyama otchuka ambiri amene akukhala mu matupi madzi. Mawu akuti "zooplankton" otchedwa mogwirizana: ciliates, amoeba, flagellates, rhizomes. Iwo akutumikira monga chakudya cha nsomba wamng'ono ndi nyama zina zazing'ono za m'madzi. Tizilombo timeneti ang'ono okwanira mu kukula, iwo sangathe kuona ndi maso athu chifukwa amafuna maso. Taganizirani chitsanzo cha amoeba lapansi.

amoeba Proteus

kukhazikitsidwa Ichi chikudziwika kwa munthu aliyense amene wafika zaka sukulu. Amoeba - nyama zimenezi Madamu (chithunzi m'nkhani), ndicho chikhulupiriro unicellular loners. Pezani zolengedwa zimenezi zingakhale pafupifupi kulikonse kumene kuli madzi ndi tinthu kuti ali oyenera chakudya: mabakiteriya, abale kakang'ono, akufa organic.

Amoeba, kapena rhizomes, - chabe. Iwo amakhala mu nyanja ndipo nyanja, kukwawa zomera za m'madzi. Nthawi zina kukhazikika mu matumbo a nyama zimene zili. Amoebas ali ndi achibale awo kunja. Izi otchedwa foraminifera. Iwo okhala madzi kawiri-kawiri m'madzi.

cladocerans

Zooplankton ataima madzi makamaka lili otchedwa cladocerans. Zilombozi kuyang'ana motere. Iwo adzafupikitsidwa thupi unazunguliridwa mu chipolopolo wopangidwa kuli nthambi ziwiri. mutu awo ali ndi chipolopolo pamwamba kumene amagwira mitundu iwiri iwiri ya tinyanga wapadera. Kumbuyo tinyanga wa nkhanu izi bwino anayamba ndi kutumikira monga zipsepse.

Aliyense mlongoti lagawidwa nthambi awiri ndi bristles wandiweyani feathery. Iwo amatumikira kuonjezera padziko matupi kusambira. thupi lawo lili pansi zida kuti awiriawiri 6 miyendo kusambira. Nthambi nkhanu - Madamu mmene nyama, miyeso awo musalumphe 5 millimeters. Izi okhalapo - lofunika kwambiri topezeka a posungira, chifukwa iwo ali chakudya cha nsomba wamng'ono. Choncho, tiyeni nsomba.

Pike

Pike ndi zotsatira zake (za nsomba kuti adya) - Kodi nyama madzi. Ichi ndi chilombo lililonse ambiri m'dziko lathu. Monga zamoyo zina, Pike pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana chitukuko kudya mosiyana. Iwo mwachangu monga aswa mazira, moyo mwachindunji mu osaya, mu coves osaya. Ndi madzi awa ali olemera mu topezeka awo.

Apa Pike mwachangu kuyamba kudyetsa intensively anthu nkhanu ambiri mogwirizana, zimene tinakambirana pamwamba. Mu masabata awiri mwachangu kusuntha tizilombo mphutsi, amenewa ndi mphutsi. Nyama ndi zomera ndi malo a dziko lathu m'madera osiyanasiyana osiyana. Ichi tinena chakuti si kale ichthyologists apeza kuchokera mbali chidwi: schuryat moyo chapakati Russia, kuyambira zaka miyezi iwiri kupereka asankhira kwa nsomba achinyamata ndi roach.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, zakudya za Pike wamng'ono wayamba kukula chimaonekadi. Iye anakondwa adya tadpoles, achule, nsomba zazikulu (zina zazikulu kuposa nokha kawiri!) Ndipo ngakhale mbalame zazing'ono. Nthawi zina Pike odya anzawo: iwo kudya anzawo. Tikumbukenso kuti nsomba ndi zooplankton - si nyama yekha mu matupi madzi. Onani zambiri za anthu awo.

Kangaude-ngale

dzina lake chachiwiri - kangaude madzi. Anthu ku Ulaya arachnid cholengedwa, wosiyana achibale awo kusambira setae pa miyendo yakumbuyo ndi zikhadabu atatu pa iwo. dzina lake ankalandira chifukwa cha pamimba m'madzi magetsi kuwala kwake siliva. Kangaude si kumira chifukwa wapadera madzi sangalowe zinthu. Angapezeke m'mavuto kapena pang'onopang'ono loyenda.

Izo wakudya kangaude silverfish nyama zosiyanasiyana ang'ono omwe akodwa mu ulusi wa webs ake m'madzi. Nthawi zina iye awagwira nyamazo. Ngati kunapezeka kuti akakole kwambiri kuposa masiku, mosamala mans zochuluka mu nyumba yake m'madzi. Mwa njira, izo zimapangitsa chisa kangaude ake, ulusi kuika kwa zinthu m'madzi. Ndi lotseguka downwardly, madzi kangaude zili mmenemo ndi mpweya, kupanga otchedwa pamadzi-belo.

wamba dziwe nkhono

Nyama zimene zimakhala m'madzi, mu njira zambiri kudziwika kwa ife kupyolera mu buku sukulu ya zinyama. Kuti wamba dziwe nkhono si zosiyana. nkhono izi zazikulu ndi mollusks m'mapapo. Iwo amakhala ku Ulaya, Asia, North America ndi Africa. Mu Russia, mitundu yaikulu ndi moyo mollusks kwambiri. Makulidwe a cochlea wa - kufunika variable, chifukwa amadalira kuli zinthu zina.

'Nyumba yake "- imodzi chidutswa lakuya ndi dzenje limodzi pansi. Monga ulamuliro, iye twirled mu mwauzimu wa ankasinthana 5-7 ndipo amawachitira kunsi. Mkati chipolopolo ndi thupi minofu slimy. Nthawi izo mutuluka kunja, n'kupanga mutu pa mapazi a pamwamba lonse ndi lathyathyathya pansipa. Ndi dziwe ili nkhonoyi zithunzi zomera ndi zinthu m'madzi mukufuna Masewerera a Ski.

Sitikudziwa mwadala ananena kuti wamba dziwe nkhono za mollusks m'mapapo mwanga. chakuti nyama madzi oyera kupuma mpweya mumlengalenga, monga ife tili nawe. Truncatula kudzera mwa "mapazi" Ndodo kwa underside wa matewera madzi awulule kupuma dzenje ake, kutola mu mlengalenga. Ayi, iwo alibe kuwala, pansi pa khungu ali otchedwa m'mapapo mwanga patsekeke. Ndi mu izo awasungira ndipo chimadyedwa mpweya.

Achule ndi achule

Madamu Animal suthera tizilombo, nkhono ndi zolengedwa zina invertebrates yaing'ono. Pamodzi ndi nsomba mu Nyanja ndi mayiwe Tingaone ndipo achule - achule ndi achule. tadpoles awo pafupifupi onse chilimwe ndi kusambira mu amatunga madzi. Mu kasupe amphibian kukhuta "zoimbaimba": iwo kugwiritsa ntchito matumba awo resonators akukhala m'dera lonse, kuika mazira mu madzi.

zokwawa

Ngati ife kulankhula za mtundu wa nyama ndi malo zapoizoni, palibe chikaiko, tingathe kuona kuti njoka wamba. moyo wake wonse chikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi kufunafuna chakudya. Amapha achule. Pakuti mwamuna, njoka izi angabweretse vuto lililonse. Mwatsoka, anthu ambiri mbuli kupha njoka, mistaking iwo njoka. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, chiwerengero cha nyama zimenezi ndinasintha yafupika. Wina zokwawa za m'madzi - Mwachitsanzo, sliders red-opindika m'makona. Zinali terrariums ake ali naturalists kwakung'ono.

mbalame

Nyama ndi zomera ndi malo kwakukulukulu inakula ndi mzake, chifukwa poyamba kuteteza wachiwiri! Izi makamaka akuonekera bwino pa nkhani ya mbalame. Khalidwe la mbalame kuti matupi madzi kukuchitika chifukwa choti apamwamba mphamvu chakudya malo awa, komanso zinthu zabwino chitetezo (mabango ndi sedges mbalame kupanga zosaoneka). Zambiri za nyama zimenezi zachokera anseriformes (atsekwe, abakha, swans) passerine, copepods, pogankoobraznyh, Ciconiiformes charadriiformes ndi mbalame.

nyama

Kodi popanda iwo! Oimira kalasi ya nyama zolimba pa dziko lonse, kufalitsa pakufunika kutero: mu mlengalenga (mileme) m'madzi (zinsomba, anamgumiwa) pansi (akambuku, njovu, akadyamsonga, agalu, amphaka), mobisa (shrews , timadontho-timadontho). Ngakhale izi, nyama, zokhudzana ndi madzi abwino ndipo ataima pa gawo la dziko lathu si monga kwambiri.

Ena mwa iwo amathera pafupifupi onse moyo wake mu matupi madzi popanda kusiya iwo sitepe limodzi (muskrat, weasel, otter, muskrat, Beaver), pamene ena safuna kukhala mu madzi, ndi pafupi ndi iwo (madzi voles). Nyama ngati pakati pa zala bwino anayamba Kakhungu kusambira, ndipo m'makutu ndi m'mphuno ndi mavavu wapadera, pulagi dzenje awa kwambiri submersion ndi nyama.