Panfilov. Feat Panfilov otchuka pa Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo

History ladzala ndi masamba amunamuna ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Komabe, m'zaka 70 zomwe kuchokera chigonjetso chinaululidwa ndi zambiri chinyengo, komanso nkhani zokhudza mmene zinthu zina zimachitika kuti chifukwa chikaiko kudalirika kwawo. Pakati pawo ft 28 Panfilov, amene amatchulidwa nyimbo ya Moscow ndi amene nthawi zambiri inakhala maziko a zolembedwa pa filimu.

prehistory

Mu miyezi pambuyo chiyambi cha Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse mu mzinda wa Frunze ndi Alma-Ata unakhazikitsidwa 316th oyenda Division, amene anapatsidwa lamulo la commissar ndiye asilikali a Kirghiz SSR Major General I. V. Panfilovu. Chakumapeto August 1945, mapangidwe asilikali anakhala mbali ya asilikali, ndipo anauzidwa kuti kutsogolo pafupi Novgorod. Patapita miyezi iwiri iye anasamutsidwa ku chigawo Volokolamsk ndipo analamulidwa kutenga chitetezo mzere kutambasula kwa 40 Km. asilikali Panfilov Division anayenera zonse kusunga yotopetsa nkhondo. Ndipo kokha mu sabata yatha mu October 1941 adaonongedwa ndi chitapsya galimoto 80 mdani, ndipo ovulala mdani anakwana alonda zoposa 9000 ndi asilikali.

Division molamulidwa ndi Panfilov anali okwana 2 zida zankhondo regiments. Komanso, anali wamng'ono kwa kampani thanki imodzi. Komabe, mmodzi wa oyenda regiments ake anali kudwala lokonzedwa monga anapanga atatsala pang'ono kuchoka kutsogolo. Panfilov, monga iwo anali anadzatchedwa womkanikizawo Soviet, amatsutsana ndi oti muli nazo zida zitatu ndi oyenda gulu la Wehrmacht. Adani nagonjetsa pa 15 October.

Chintchito wa Panfilov Division wa Moscow: Baibulo nyengo Soviet

Mmodzi wa wotchuka Soviet nthano kukonda dziko lako chinayambira ku Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, limatiuza za zochitika pa mphambano Dubosekovo kuti ankati zinachitika November 16, 1941. Choyamba anaonekera mu nyuzipepala "Red Star", kuti likuonetsera frontkorra V. Koroteeva. Malinga ndi gwero pachiyambi, anthu 28, kuphatikizapo mu kampani chachinayi cha battalion chachiwiri cha 1075 Regiment, analamula mlangizi ndale V. Klotchkov, pa 4 maola aukali nkhondo anawonongedwa akasinja mdani 18. Pankhaniyi, pafupifupi onse a iwo anaphedwa mu nkhondo ndi wosiyana. Nkhaniyi anapatsidwanso mawu, monga Koroteeva asanamwalire, anati pogwiritsa ntchito "Great Russia, ndi kwina kulikonse abwerere - kumbuyo Moscow"

Feat 28 Panfilov: nkhani ya rigged

Tsiku pambuyo Nkhani yoyamba mu "Red Star" inalemba nkhani Mlembi ndi A. Yu. Krivitskogo wakuti monga "Chipangano 28 ngwazi akugwa," zomwe mtolankhani amaitanidwa osati monga Panfilov. Chintchito asilikali ndi mtsogoleri ndale akhala anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane, koma buku si mayina a gulu zinachitika. Iwo choyamba anagunda atolankhani mpaka January 22, pamene onse Krivitsky yomweyo anapereka Panfilov ft mu nkhani kukodzedwa, kulankhula ngati umboni wa zochitika zimenezo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti "Izvestia" analemba za nkhondo ya Volokolamsk more 19 November nawawuza ziri zonse za 9 akasinja anawonongedwa ndi 3 kutenthedwa.

Nkhani ya ngwazi, pa mtengo wa moyo kuteteza likulu, anagwedeza anthu Soviet ndi asilikali amene anamenya pa amadzibisa onse, ndi Western Front Lamulo wawakonzera pempho wopita kwa Commissar of silikhali, mmene perekani 28 asilikali olimba mtima, amene amatchulidwa mu Article A. Krivitsky mutu wa Hero wa Soviet Union. Chifukwa, kale 21 July 1942 Supreme Soviet Presidium zinasaina lamulo kake.

kukhudzana boma

Kale mu 1948 kuti zinachitikadi ndi kufufuza yaikulu ndi maganizo kukhazikitsa ngati panali chintchito 28 Panfilov. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti chaka pamaso kuti Kharkov anamangidwa munthu IE Dobrobabin. Iye mlandu ndi mawu oti "woukira boma", monga Ofufuza ku ofesi wozenga mlandu asilikali opezeka umboni wosatsutsika kusonyeza kuti panthawi ya nkhondo iye mwaufulu linagonja ndipo anayamba utumiki wa Aroma omwe ankalamulira dzikolo lapansi. Kwenikweni, anapezeka kuti wapolisi kale mu 1941 mbali ya Nkhondo ya zambali Dubosekovo. Komanso, kunapezeka kuti ndi Dobrobabin amatchulidwa mu Article Krivitsky - mmodzi yemweyo, ndipo iye anali atamwalira kupereka mutu Hero. atafufuza analola kuti tione onse ananena mu nkhani, amene wakhala anafotokoza Panfilov chintchito Moscow, falsification. anapezazo anapanga maziko a Buku yolembedwa ndi ndiye Loya wa USSR G. Safonov, amene anayambitsa A. A. Zhdanovu June 11, 1948.

Mtsutso womkanikizawo

zotsatira za kufufuza za, adamfunsa chakuti Panfilov ft mu mawonekedwe anafotokoza mu mabuku a "Red Star", anatenga malo zoona, sichinali womkanikizawo Soviet. Only mu 1966 mu "New World" anaonekera kwa nkhani yoyamba pa November nkhondo imene Dubosekovo. wolemba anapempha kuti tiphunzire mfundo za nkhaniyo amene anali Panfilov, ndi chintchito chimene limafotokonzera mabuku onse m'mbiri. Komabe, pofuna kukwaniritsa mutu uwu atolankhani Soviet sanalandire mpaka chiyambi cha perestroika, pamene iwo anali declassified zikwi zikalata archival, kuphatikizapo zotsatira za kufufuza mu 1948, kupeza kuti ngwazi za Panfilov ft - izo zangokhala zolembalemba zopeka.

anachita pamene nambala 28

Kuwala pa bwanji ndiponso mu 1941 panali kupotoza zenizeni zokhudza asilikali Panfilov, limatifotokozera ndi mawu olembedwa a mafunso mtolankhani Koroteeva. Makamaka, ananena kuti atabwerera ku kutsogolo, mfundo za nkhondo ya 5 Company ya 316th oyenda Division, amene anaphedwa pa nkhondo, osati kupereka maudindo awo, mkonzi wa "Red Star". Adamfunsa iye angati anali asilikali ndipo Koroteev, amene ankadziwa kuti izo understaffed, ananena kuti 30-40, kuwonjezera kuti 1075 TH oyenda Regiment sanali, nanga kuti udindo wake kunali kosatheka. Komanso inanena kuti, malinga politdoneseniyu ku Regiment, amuna ankhondo awiri anayesa kuti adzipereke, koma anawomberedwa ndi comrades awo. Choncho, anaganiza kufalitsa chiwerengero 28 ndi kulemba chimodzi chokha smalodushnichal womenya. Choncho nthano ndi zopeka "akufa, onse, Panfilov", ndi chintchito chimene ankaimba ndakatulo ndi nyimbo.

Kugwirizana kwa amapezerapo

Today mwano kukanganiranabe ngati Panfilov ngwazi anali. ft A ankhondo onse a 316th oyenda Division, moona mtima anakwaniritsa ntchito yawo mu November 1941, ndithudi, komanso phindu lawo lalikulu ndi asilikali Soviet sanalole obwerawo likulu la dziko lathu. Chinthu china ndi chakuti mwa awardees anali woukira, ndi mwano pokumbukira otchuka awa amene sanalekerere miyoyo yawo chifukwa cha Kupambana Wamkulu, chikumbutso 70 la umene posachedwapa chikondwerero anthu onse, sikuti amadwala amnesia mbiri.