Scientific utasintha: zikayenda ndi mwayi

Pasanakhale weniweni sayansi zisinthe, anthu akhala apeza zinthu kwambiri kuti chinali chiyambi cha patsogolo kwambiri. Anthu kale ntchito mfuti ndi onga kulongosolerana ubale, anawoloka nyanja pa sitima ndi nyanja pofufuza m'mayiko ena. Mmodzi wa zoyambitsidwa chopambana - ndi makina osindikizira - wakonza kusunga mfundo zimene zilipo, osalola anthu kubwereza chodziwira nthawi. Knowledge anakula, ubale wa maiko ndi mabungwe kuchuluka. Ndipo zonsezi wakhala chinathandiza ntchito matsenga amenewa kuti chitukuko anthu monga ulimi woyamba sayansi.

History limatiuza mmene pano chimatsutsana onse atsopano, tsogolo olaula. Choncho, kunena kuti Middle Ages sayansi anayenda ndi leaps ndi malire, si koyenera. Onse patsogolo zamakono kokha machitidwe, ntchito chikhalidwe, ndi zikhulupiriro zambiri nzeru ndi anthu kuwasonyeza, anali ndi chizunzo choopsa. Chinthu choyipa ndi kuti si anazindikira cosmopolitans wa nthawi, kuti Mufunsidwe n'loonadi postulates alipo, amene wachititsa ulimi wa sayansi m'ma 17. Tiyeni mawonedwe pa chilengedwe chonse, likulu la zimene ankaona Earth. Chiphunzitso cha kugwa, kumwamba ndi gehena ndi kufunikira yofunika atsogoleri mpingo pa nthawi, amene analamulira dziko akale ndi mantha ndi chizunzo. Koma view njira ya Nikolaya Kopernika kuti anthu onse padziko lapansili, kuphatikizapo Earth, zokhudza dzuwa, pakati pa zaka za m'ma 16 anatsogolera anthu mu mkhalidwe mantha. Asayansi okha panthawi imeneyo anali si molimba kumlingo kuvumbula moyo wake pamtengo. Ndipo kotero, mwina, lonena za sayansi Nikolaya Kopernika linatuluka atamwalira wolemba wake.

Ndipo komabe, chilichonse ndi kuchita, ndi chiphunzitso cha zakuthambo chachikulu chinali chiyambi choti woyamba zisinthe sayansi chinakwaniritsidwa. Chithunzi cha dziko, komabe anazindikira okhwima ndi N'ZOSACHITA kufunsa, anakomoka pamaso pa anthu anazizwa. A wotsatira wa zakuthambo Copernican Brahe a woyengeka ndi kulonjeza ake atulukira zolondola chiwembu cha malo matupi lalikulu lakumwamba mwa dongosolo dzuwa Way, patali ndi mzake. Motero anali ndi mndandanda woyamba wa nyenyezi.

Komanso, ulimi wa sayansi m'ma 17 anapitiriza ntchito zazikulu za Galileo Galilei. Mwini wake kale telesikopu anapangidwa Netherlands, umene bwinobwino ankamangidwanso ndi bwino ndipo anatha kuona sunspots ndi zimaphala pa mwezi, anapeza miyezi ya Jupiter ndi magawo Venus anafotokoza. Ndipo Mpingo tsopano mantha kwenikweni zinkamveka Alamu. Katswiri wotchuka pansi ululu wa imfa, analamulidwa kuti moyo m'ndende panyumba ndipo anavomera wapeza onse olakwika.

Komabe, ulimi sayansi kale zamphamvu mawilo nkhani. Mabuku a Galileo ndi mabuku Copernicus amasuliridwa m'zinenero European ndi kufalikira ku maiko oyandikana ndi Rome. Zimenezi zinachititsa anapeza elliptical mawonekedwe Kepler a za mumlengalenga kanjira. Iwo anali pambuyo analemba Rudolphine tebulo, amene kunapangitsa kuti kuwerengetsera mwamasamu yeniyeni lamulo la zinthu zakuthambo.

A zina zisinthe sayansi anasonkhana patsogolo ndi kudabwa dziko ndi malamulo Newton, maphunziro zachipatala ndi anatomical wa thupi, napatsa anthu kuganiza kuti magazi kufalikira kudzera kuchepetsa ventricles mtima. Ndipo pofika cha m'ma 17 panali chinenero masamu, dongosolo logarithmic zizindikiro chatsegulidwa. Ndipo, tikhoza kunena kuti anamaliza woyamba sayansi yamakonoyi kulenga Chiwerengero Pascal, ndiyeno patsogolo ndi Leibniz ndipo angathe kubala zotsatira chulutsa.