Sequestering za bajeti - ichi n'chiyani?

Kuchepetsa madebiti ngongole - ndi nkhani ya nkhawa osati kokha kwa anthu ndi mabizinesi, komanso dziko lonse. Ndi chinthu chimodzi kuti bajeti chaka, pagona - akuchitika. boma, N'zoona kuti akaonekere kwa kukongoza lonse, koma si zonse zopindulitsa. Pankhaniyi ndipo pali sequestration za bajeti. njirayi anakhazikitsa lamulo United States ndi mayiko ena, ambiri a udindo sayesa kuwomba, kupereka ndalama mabala ngati n'koyenera, koma osati muyeso kuvomerezedwa.

sequestration bajeti: ndichiyani?

lamulo US amapereka ndondomeko yomwe kukuchepetsa boma ndalama pa magulu okhazikika bwino. Izi ndi sequestration za bajeti. Congress akudutsa kukula kwa appropriations pachaka. Ngati ndalama olumpha akonzedwa, ndiye pali munthawi yomweyo ndi njila kuchepetsa siyana zonse. ndalamazo sati kunditumiza ku madera awa, ndipo anachoka pa Treasury. Mawu akuti "sequestration bajeti" palokha wachotsedwa jurisprudence lapansi. Mu sayansi malamulo, akutanthauza kulanda katundu kwa bailiffs kupewa kupulula kuwonongeka kwa pachinthu bwalo.

Act Gramm-Rudmena-Hollings ndi modernity

Mawu akuti "sequestration bajeti" anagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba ku chilamulo American mu 1985. Iye anadzipereka ku mbali yofunika ya kuchepekedwa Act Kuchepetsa, wasenza ndi Grammy Rudmenom ndi Hollings. Koma mu 1990 anaganiza kusiya malamulo lolimba. M'dongosolo latsopano wakhalapo kwa zaka 12. Ndiye kwa nthawi yaitali wakhala mutu wa akatswiri sequestration. Koma mu 2011, njirayi wakhala mbali yofunika ya Act pa Control za bajeti. Pandalama analephera kuthetsa vuto la chopitirira malire a ngongole. Komiti inakhazikitsidwa kuchepetsa ngongoleyo. Sequestering za bajeti - ichi ndi muyeso wotsiriza umene ungagwiritsidwe kukachitika kuti Congress sadzatha kutengera lamulo kuchepetsa ndalama. Akatswiri ambiri amati sequestration za bajeti mu 2013. Anasangalala kwambiri amakhoma misonkho boma anakwanitsa zimenezo.

The ndondomeko bajeti mu Russian

Chaka chilichonse boma ndipamene malamulo boma, lomwe limasonyeza bwanji kuti moyo anthu dziko. Ndiye bajeti lonjezolo ndi mutsogoleli wadziko ndipo adzadza mu mphamvu. Chaka chandalama Pankhaniyi chikugwirizana ndi kalendara. The Gawo la bajeti ndi revenues, ndalama, ndi kusiyana pakati pawo. Mu Russia, pali kuchepekedwa kuti, ndalama Boma si ataphimbidwa ndi msonkho ndi revenues ena. Ngati 50 biliyoni - ndi ndalama zolowa - ndi item kugwirizanitsa - 150, zikutanthauza dziko ali osakwanira 100. akusowa The penapake kupeza. Inu mukhoza kuika pali mtundu uliwonse wa ndalama, koma kuti boma analibe ndalama zina. Ngati ndalama za ntchito zina alibe chuma, izo kuonera anthu chabe. Komanso imeneyi kutsanzira kutaya kusalankhula njira: Nkhani munthu angathe kuchepetsedwa ndi 10%, ena - 50, lachitatu - woyera kwambiri. Kodi n'zotheka kuti mu nkhani iyi kuti bajeti lichitidwa akuyendera? Komabe, nthawi zambiri zomwe zimachitika ku Russia.

ndi kuchepekedwa

Ngati ndalama sikokwanira, m'pomveka kuti iwo penapake kutenga. Zikuonekeratu kuti ndiye iwo kulipira ndi chidwi, koma apa pakubwera Amaonetsa momwe zinthu zikusinthira zamavuto, osati ndimalota za ziyembekezo zabwino. Kuphimba magwero kuchepekedwa monga ngongole kwa anthu ndi mabungwe alamulo, komanso mabungwe mayiko ndi mayiko ena. Vuto ndi yamasika kuti ngongole zawo zambiri zikukhudza andale pa nkhaniyi mkati mwa dziko ndi kuchepa kwa ndalama.

Komanso, boma apereke chuma, zomwe kugula anthu zachilengedwe ndi malamulo. Koma m'pofunika kumvetsa kuti ndalama adzakhala posapita nthawi kulipira, kotero ndalama bajeti zigwirizane osati ndi mawu populist, ndi kumabungwe kwenikweni zingamuthandize ndi akadzabweranso mkulu.

Gawo zinchito

Kuti alibe sequester zina bajeti, n'kofunika kuyambira pachiyambi bwino kwabasi ndalama za mafakitale ena. Zinchito mapangidwe zikusonyeza kumene ndalama yaikulu. Mwachitsanzo, n'zotheka kudziwa ndalama zingati anathera pa kukhazikitsa kasamalidwe, chitetezo, umoyo ndi maphunziro. Motero, khalidwe ili ndi chimodzimodzi kwa onse olamuliridwa RF lapansi. Komanso, ndalama zonse ndiponso revenues ndi kuchepetsedwa mu bajeti Consolidated. Mu maonekedwe ake ambiri onse, tichipeza zigawo zitatu: okhutira mautumiki ndi matupi zipatalazo, mogwirizana ndi madera, kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu ena chitukuko. Pankhani anasamutsidwa, iwo alibe chandamale lathu. Total ndalama pa nkhani ya boma amaonedwa monga malamulo a. Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'madera kumawonjezera mtengo Chinthu (mwachitsanzo, kumpoto) angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Sequestering za bajeti 2014

Chotsatira cha kuchepekedwa okhazikika zikuchulukirachulukira chaka chilichonse kufunika kuchepetsa mbali zolowa ndi kufunafuna njira zatsopano ndalama. Kumapeto kwa 2013, Russian Minister Finance anati kufunika kuchepetsa azimayi bajeti. Anatsindika kuti sequestering za bajeti si anapereka cha 2014. Anton Siluanov akutitsimikizira kuti si kudula ndalama, ndi kusankha mitu yofunikira, zofunika zogwirizana a nthawi. Kuwonjezeka kuchepekedwa ndi biliyoni 400 rubles, salola kuonetsetsa ndalama Kukula kwa Trans-Baikal ndi Far East, komanso chitukuko cha zomangamanga lofunika World Cup, chomwe chidzachitike pambuyo zaka 4 latsopano la Russia. Kotero, molingana ndi mtumiki, m'pofunika kusintha malo oyamba ndi kutumiza ndalama kumabungwe kwambiri zingamuthandize. Mu 2014 revenues muno pa zankhaninkhani, 13.4.

Komabe, bajeti latsopano kwachititsa kwambiri akuwadzudzula. Ambiri kuyitana reallocations sequestering. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti pali zambiri sitepe bwino nthawi zonse ndi kukuza gawo Zimakhala ndi polojekiti kucheza ya kuba.