The asteroids yaikulu komanso m'gulu lawo. Asteroids Dzuwa System

Asteroids mapulaneti zazing'ono kwambiri wolephera miyeso awo matupi oterowo dongosolo dzuwa, ngati Earth, Venus ndi ngakhale Mercury. Komabe, iwo akhoza kukhala zonse kunachitika "nzika" za chidutswa wathu wa Way.

lamba chachikulu

Asteroids dongosolo dzuwa cholinga mu mabacteria angapo. Yosangalatsa kwambiri ya iwo ili pakati pa zili m'njira ya Mars ndi Jupiter. limodzi ili la matupi ang'onoang'ono umatchedwa waukulu asteroid lamba. Unyinji wa zinthu zonse anayikidwa pano ndi mfundo danga negligible: ndi% 4 yokha ya misa Moon ali. Ndipo chopereka zikuluzikulu pokhazikitsa izi zimawapangitsa asteroids waukulu. Ndipo m'gulu lawo, ndi kayendedwe ka anzawo ang'onoang'ono, komanso magawo monga zikuchokera, mawonekedwe ndi chiyambi, kuti chidwi cha zakuthambo m'zaka za m'ma XIX: Ceres, poyamba ankaona asteroid waukulu, ndipo tsopano choikidwa chiwerengero cha mapulaneti nyenyezi yaing'ono, linatsegulidwa woyamba mu January 1801.

kupitirira Neptune

Lamba Kuiper, Horta mtambo ndi kuwabalalitsa chimbale akhala ankaona ndi kuphunzira ngati malo ambiri ang'ono zakuthambo ina. The woyamba ili kupitirira kanjira wa Neptune. Iwo linatsegulidwa yekha mu 1992. Akatswiri ofufuza amanena kuti Kuiper m'Galimoto zambiri yaitali ndi yaikulu kuposa mapangidwe ofanana pakati pa Mars ndi Jupiter. matupi yaing'ono imene ili apa ndi osiyana chachikulu lamba zinthu zikuchokera: methane, ammonia ndi madzi ndi kugonjetsa thanthwe mwakhama ndi zitsulo, khalidwe "anthu" Lamba asteroids.

Mitambo kuli Horta lero si kutsimikiziridwa Komabe , amanena mogwirizana ndi maganizo osiyanasiyana pofotokoza dongosolo dzuwa. Moti mtambo Orta, umene ndi ozungulira dera inali kupitirira kanjira za mumlengalenga pa mtunda wa pafupi ndi kuwala chaka kwa dzuwa. Nazi zinthu danga wapangidwa amoniya, methane ndi madzi oundana.

M'dera la chimbale anamwazikana overlaps ndi angapo Kuiper lamba. Asayansi sadziwa chiyambi chake. Komanso anaika zinthu ongokhala osiyanasiyana ayezi.

Yerekezerani nyenyezi asteroid

Pakuti kumvetsa molondola nkhani ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi mfundo ziwiri zakuthambo: "nyenyezi" ndi "Asteroid". panalibe ndithu kuti kusiyana maofesi awa mpaka 2006. Pa Assembly General wa IAU m'chaka anati kwa nyenyezi ndi asteroid molimba wonena za, kulola kwambiri kapena zochepa molondola zimachitika lililonse thupi lakumwamba ndi gulu ena.

Nyenyezi - chinthu avundulidwe pa kwambiri elongated kanjira. Pamene tikuyandikira dzuwa chifukwa cha sublimation ayezi, wapafupi pamwamba, n'kupanga nyenyezi amene - mtambo wa fumbi ndi gasi, amene kumawonjezera monga kuchepetsa mtunda wa pakati pa chinthucho ndi nyale, nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi mapangidwe a "mchira".

Asteroids chikomokere osati kupanga ndi zambiri ndi mpita zochepa elongated. Amene kusuntha pamodzi trajectories ofanana comets ndi amaonedwa otchedwa mitima ya comets zinatha (zinatha kapena zinatha nyenyezi wotchedwa zinthu ataya zinthu zonse oyaka ndipo musati kupanga choncho munthu).

The asteroids yaikulu komanso kayendedwe kawo

Kwenikweni chachikulu pa malo miyezo ya zinthu mu waukulu asteroid lamba kwambiri kakang'ono. Ambiri mwa unyinji wa matupi inali pakati pa Jupiter ndi Mars chimawapangitsa anayi chinthu - ndi Ceres, Vesta, Sitimayo inagunda ndi gigi. Choyamba mu 2006 akuganiza asteroid waukulu, ndiye anapatsidwa udindo wa dziko nyenyezi yaing'ono. Ceres - thupi zayamba zozungulira ndi awiri a za 1000 Km. Ake misa ndi za 32% ya okwana kulemera kwa onse amene akudziwika malo lamba.

Chinthu ambiri chachikulu pambuyo Ceres ndi Vesta. Pa kukula kwa asteroid patsogolo palladium ake okha (pambuyo kuzindikira Ceres, ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono dziko). Sitimayo inagunda chimasiyanitsa ku mpumulo ndi champhamvu olamulira kuweramira.

Gigi - wachinayi kukula ndi kulemera kwa chinthu Main lamba. Ngakhale kukula kwake, anatulukira asteroids kwambiri kenako angapo ang'onoang'ono. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti gigi - ndi mdima kwambiri chinthu.

Zonsezi matupi zokhudza Dzuwa mofanana malangizo monga mapulaneti, ndi kusachita mtanda njira za kayendedwe a Dziko Lapansi.

Features m'mipita

Yaikulu asteroids ndi awo kayendedwe umamumvera chimodzimodzi malamulo monga ena avundulidwe lamba wa ofanana matupi. zawozo Nthaŵi zonse poyera mbali ya dzikoli, makamaka noticeable chikoka Jupiter.

Ndi pang'ono m'mipita eccentric atembenuza asteroids onse. Movement asteroids izi padzuwa Jupiter likuphatikizapo penapake ankatembenukira m'mipita. offsets zimenezi ngati oscillation mozungulira malo pafupifupi anafotokoza. Pa lililonse ngati oscillation asteroid amathera kwa mazana angapo zaka, kotero anaona kuti tsiku si zokwanira kulongosolerana ndi kutsimikiza yamanga ongolankhula. Cacikulu Komabe, kungoganizira za kusintha m'mipita ndi wamba.

Chifukwa cha kusamutsidwa m'mipita - kuwonjezeka kuthekera mwansanga. Mu 2011, deta amati Ceres ndi Vesta angakumane nazo mtsogolo zidalengedwa.

Yaikulu asteroids ndi awo kayendedwe amakhala pansi pa chofufuzidwa asayansi. Katundu kusintha zawozo ndi makhalidwe ena waunikira ena a dongosolo danga kuti kusanthulidwe ka deta ndondomeko kawirikawiri extrapolated ndi akutsutsa lalikulu kuposa asteroids. asteroids kayendedwe pamene kuphunzira ndi ntchito spacecraft, amene mongoyembekezera kukhala nthambi za zinthu zosiyanasiyana. March limodzi 6, 2015 linatuluka pa Ceres kanjira.