The chosema "Laocoön ndi ana ake": kufotokoza ndi ndemanga

Mwatsoka ntchito ya Parian nsangalabwi Osema atatu "Laocoon ndi ana ake." The chosema amaonetsera zoyesayesa unalili atate wake ndi ana ake kuthawa kukumbatira koopsa kuchikoletsa njoka awo thupi.

Background nthano

Nkhani kumayambira masiku oyambirira kwambiri. Mu Leda wokongola, mkazi wa Tyndareus Mfumu ya Sparta, mwana wamkazi wa Helen wa Zeu. Atakula, anali wokongola kwambiri wa zivundi onse.

Kwambiri kwa iye kuti amukopere suitors, koma Helen anasankha Menelaus wokongola. Atamwalira Tyndareus anali wokonzeka ufumu achifumu.

Mfumu ya Troy anabadwa mwana wa Priam. Yamaula ananeneratu kuti mnyamata ameneyu adzawononga Trojans onse. Malinga ndi malangizo a mfumu anaponyedwa m'nkhalango anafera pomwepo, koma chakula mu wokongola mnyamata ndi ng'ombe pochitika mwamtendere.

Chifukwa inayamba nkhondo Trojans ndi Ahelene

Atatu yaikazi - Athena, Hera ndi Aphrodite - analandira ndi wamkazi zoipa kusagwirizana Eris apulo ndi mawu akuti "Zabwino". Iwo sakanakhoza kuchita izo kugawanitsa pakati pawo. Lokopa Herme anakopa Paris kukhala woweruza mkangano wawo. Aphrodite analonjeza Paris chikondi cha mkazi wokongola kwambiri, Helen, ndipo analandira apulo aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino. Paris anaba Helen la Greece ndipo anamutenga kuti Troy. Choncho anayamba yaitali wamagazi nkhondo pakati pa Trojans ndi Ahelene kwa Helen wokongola.

Kumbali ya Agiriki anakhala Athena, Apollo anathandiza Trojans. Ndi zofunika kudziwa pamene kukambirana chosema "Laocoon".

chozemba Greek

Nthawi yaitali, zaka khumi anali nkhondo. Agiriki anazinga Troy sanafooke. otchuka ambiri anafa mbali zonse. Wily Odysseus asanaganize mmene kulowa mumzinda anazinga Ahelene kubala kumuwombera Greek. Agiriki anapanga yaikulu matabwa kavalo. Anathandizidwa ndi Athena. Amuika asilikali ake ayamba kuyesera abale akewo: anakwera ngalawa zawo ndipo tidapita ku nyanja. Ndi Glee anapita kukaona msasa wa Ahelene ndi Trojans anasiya anadabwa ataona kavalo yaikulu.

Munthu akafuna kuti mponyeni m'nyanja, ndi ena - kudzachotsa kuti Troy ngati chizindikiro cha kupambana. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri kuti imaged amakangana. Wansembe Laocoon chosema tikambirana, sadzapulumuka machenjera a Sitimayo inagunda Athena.

kuphweka Trojans

Kwa mbadwa Wansembeyo wa mulungu Apollo. Chosema "Laocoon" akusonyeza kuti mfundo. Iye anapempha nzika asakhudze mahatchi, tsoka lalikulu analosera. Laocoon ngakhale adaponyamo kavalo mkondo, ndipo mkati kulira zida zitsulo. Koma ndi ndimitambo malingaliro "opambana." Iwo sanali kukhulupirira kuti tiyenera kuopa Ahelene, ngakhale pamene akubweletsa mphatso. Anali kudalira mlendo, amene ananena kuti kavalo ayenera kusangalatsa Sitimayo inagunda Athena, ngati iwo ankatenga iye wake. Monga iye anati, chinatuluka nyanja chozizwitsa anatumiza Athena - Ziphona ziwiri njoka. Kutsimikizidwa si Trojans, ndipo iwo anatenga kavalo mu mzinda.

Nkhani Laocoon ndi ana ake

Mwa nyanja ndinapemphera kwa Poseidon Laocoon ndi ana ake. Izi writhing mphete thupi ndi ziphaliwali ofiira ngati makala, maso ndi crests pa mutu, msanga ndipo mofulumira anasambira kuti abwezeretse chilombo choopsa. Njoka, popeza ali m'nyanja, anaukira ngozi. Mfundo amasonyeza chosema "Laocoon". Mwamphamvu wokutidwa njoka padziko matupi amphamvu a anthu ndi kuyesera kupotokola iwo. kulumidwa chiri ululu osati kokha, komanso kubweretsa imfa. Zonsezi zikusonyeza chosema "Laocoon". Ndicho chimene chinachititsa chikhulupiriro osasamala mu chigonjetso cha anthu a Troy.

History wapeza chosema

zaka zikwi ziwiri mphambu mazana awiri zapitazo ku Pergamo Osema osadziwika zamkuwa kuponyedwa chosema gulu kuti imamveka kuphana wa Laocoön ndi ana ake ndi njoka. Choyambirira mbisoweka. kabukuka sculpted mu nsangalabwi mu Rhodes Ahelene. Kalembedwe wa Agiriki Baroque Iye anafika kwa ife "Laocoon" (chosema). Mlembi wake Agesandr Rodossky ndi ana ake Polydoros ndi Athenodorus. Inapeza mu 1506 Feliks De Fridis mpesa uja mapiri a Rome. Pali pafupi Domus Aurea. Mwamsanga pamene Papa Julius II anaphunzira za anapezazo wapatali, nthawi yomweyo anatumiza ziyenera wake wa wamanga Giuliano da Sangallo ndi Michelangelo. Wazomangamanga yomweyo mbiri yabwino ya kudalirika kwa ntchito, yemwe anafotokozedwa ndi Pliny. Buaonorroti anatsimikiza kuti anali zidutswa 2 nsangalabwi, ngakhale Pliny analankhula za mwala umodzi wokha.

tsoka lake wotsatira

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII, Bonaparte anatenga gulu sculptural ku Paris. Mu Louvre, zinali lotseguka kwa anayendera, ndi akadzagonjetsedwa Napoleon anali anabwerera ndi British ku Vatican. Tsopano iye ali m'nyumbayi Pio-Clementine (Vatican).

Dzanja lamanja la Laocoon anapeza mu 1905 Czech katswiriyo Ludwig Pollak mu shopu osema miyala Roma ndi kuupereka kwa Vatican Museum. Mu 1957, izo linayikidwa mu zikuchokera sculptural (mudziwe anatengedwa kuchokera mu nkhani English Intaneti Chithunzi Project: Laocoön).

Ndi makope ake angapo anapanga. Chitaliyana - pachilumba cha Rhodes ndi a Uffizi Gallery, Moscow - mu Pushkin Museum. Pushkin, Odessa - kutsogolo kwa Museum of Archaeology.

"Laocoon" chosema: kufotokoza

Ngati ife kuyambira udindo wa G. E. Lessinga, kuti kupenta, zosemasema - ndakatulo wosayankhula, kum'patsa wa kukhumbira wake kukauza kumaliza kuti siliyankha anati wolemba.

Chithunzi Laocoon kwambiri chidwi chifukwa chakuti kuti lili pakati, komanso chifukwa olemba mosamala ntchito iliyonse minofu ya thupi lake lamphamvu. Trojan Analalikira akulimbana ndi njoka Ziphona ziwiri. Asilikali kale adamsiya Iye, ndipo iye akuyamba kukhazikika pa guwa. Iye akadali akuyesera kuti azipeza. Phazi la kumanzere apuma pa nthaka limodzi ndi zala zanu. The mwendo akufunitsitsa ndi wokhudza guwa lansembe. Dzanja lamanzere akuyesera pachabe kuti mupewe thupi mutu njoka a. Iye ndi wokonzeka kupulumutsa kuluma oopsa, adatsegula pakamwa pake, mano kuonekera wakupha. The dzanja lamanja la Laocoon anawerama ndi kuluka mphete ya njoka chomwecho. mutu wake Kunyoza. Pakamwa anatsegula mu grimace ululu ndi mantha kuyandikira kwa imfa, ana a kwambiri kulimbana ndi kuzindikira chomwe chayandikira imfa yake.

Izo zikuwoneka ngati iye akuona Laocoon. Chosema, Kuwulura umene akupitiriza chifukwa zowawa nkhawa inali itayandikira imfa ndi Laokoon ndi ana ake.

Kudzanja lake lamanja, mwana wamng'ono kwathunthu n'zogwirizana ndi mphete njoka. Iye anakweza dzanja lake kunjenjemera lamanja, koma Njoka alumidwa iye armpit lapansi. Mnyamata iyamba kugwera, kusiya guwa lansembe, komwe bambo ake.

Tipitirize kuganizira za chosema "Laocoon ndi ana ake." Kufotokozera za malekezero chosema.

Mkulu anasiya atate wake ukusandulika nkhope yake yodzaza mantha, pempho chete kumumasula ku mwendo wake obvivshego njoka mchira.

Iye sangakhoze kupirira ndi dzanja limodzi. Kum'patsa Komabe, zikuoneka kuti iye ali pofuna kukhala ndi moyo, kuti, mwatsoka, si zoona. Onse atatu adzafa.

Ndikufuna malizitsani kufotokoza mawu awiri. Euripides: "Palibe amasangalala milungu, monga mtundu wa anthu azivutika." Nawonso anafotokoza bwino milungu Greek Sophocles: "Milungu ndi ofunitsitsa kuthandiza munthu pamene akupita kukakomana imfa yake."

Chidwi Mafumu a chi Roma ku chosema ndi

Roman lachifumu nyumba amakhulupirira kuti ana a Trojans. Ndi ngwazi yawo Eneya, mwana wa Venus, mulungu, anathawira mtsinje wa Tiber. Anakwatira Lavinia maziko mzinda ncindi (Khalani de A Mare). m'bale wake Ascanius anayambitsa Alba Longa (tsopano Castel Gandolfo). Pa nthawi imeneyi, mibadwo ochepa adzabadwa anayambitsa Rome, Romul Ine Rem. Mafumu a chi Roma monyadira kuti iwo ali mbadwa milungu.

mlendo amaonetsa

Amaonetsa amakhulupirira kuti Lessing zoyenera kuti analalikira za ululu nako Laocoon, ndi chosema ayenera kumvera malamulo a kukongola. Laocoon Kodi kulira, koma kubuwula yekha. Athena anali atatumiza kumulanga popanda iye. Iye ali wolakwa okha amene anachenjeza wake mbadwa ku mphatso oopsa Ahelene zimakhudza amene ankalimbikitsa Athena. Man - chabe chidole pogwira manja a milungu.