The kusintha kwa NEP - zimayambitsa ndi zotsatira

NEP, ndicho otchedwa ambiri Policy Chatsopano Economic, anayambitsa mu makumi oyambirira a atumwi wotsiriza, amayenera kukhala chinthu Transitional kwa yomanga lamadyerero. dziko angoyamba pambuyo pa ulimi ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni, monga mtendere wa mumtima. mfundo zosakhalitsa wa Bolsheviks, otha yekha, okhala m'masiku otsiriza. The Russia kamodzi chachikulu pafupi pamavuto aakulu chikhalidwe - kenako kukhwima kusinthika kuchokera ku nkhondo chikominisi kwa NEP. Kuti ganizo limeneli anatsimikizidwa pa lotsatira (khumi) Congress Party wa Bolshevik mu Moscow mu 1921.

Chifukwa kusintha kwa NEP zinali zomveka. Mu malo oyamba izo bwanji mavuto a dziko kumapeto kwa kusintha: Russia ndipo anamvetsa andale ndi mavuto azachuma. Makampani zikadzawonongedwa, zomera anali. Ntchito zambiri lumpen - panali ambiri, iwo ankafuna ntchito ndipo anali nkhondo lolimba iliyonse ntchito (koma osati zokwanira).

Ndipo anthu amene ankapanga wapadera makhalidwe ndi ndalama kukhutitsidwa sanalandire ku ntchito yawo. Mogwirizana ndi chiyembekezo chakuti ubale chofunika ndalama zimene anthu alandira malipilo awo achilengedwe mankhwala, osati ndalama. egalitarianism kotero kumatsogolera kuti wosangalala chilungamo makhalidwe abwino, ndi kuwawa kunadetsa kudzuka ponseponse nkhambakamwa kudutsa dziko.

Agriculture, ndicho wamba wopanduka, ambiri aona Bolsheviks zinthu zowononga. Wamba umwini chifukwa yafupika acreage ndi vuto wosakhazikika pa dziko ndi ambiri anakhala olekanitsidwa mwa iwo okha, ndipo anali ofanana ndi maphunziro zachilengedwe ndi zachuma. ndi ogula malonda wakhala kunja kwa iwo uninteresting ndi opanda pake. Komanso, wamba anadyetsa Red Army, ndi asilikali ndiye demobilized ambiri wodzazidwa ndi m'matauni ndi m'midzi, kutupa msilikali wa olumala, sagwirizana ndi anatengedwa.

Tsopano icho chinali kusintha yaitali m'magulu onse a chuma pansi ndondomeko yatsopano - kusintha mwachindunji kuti NEP lapansi. lingaliro Aika (chiyembekezo chakuti za ubweya ndi oyamba a msonkho mu mtundu) zinali zisanathe bwino kwa anthu wamba wamba kuti obisalamo pokonzekera kusintha, pamene kum'mwera kwa Russia ndi kukonza zonse anaonekera odana Bolshevik kugalukira - kotero anachita Ukraine pa kusintha kulikonse (monga "apitirize kukhala yekha pamavuto ").

The chachiwiri kwambiri kusintha - pa analamula ubale msika ndi Maganizo a zosiyanasiyana umwini. msika, nayenso akanakhala kutsitsimutsa infusions likulu achilendo, ndipo malinga kusintha kwa NEP. The depreciation wa ndalama pa nthawi ndi inalamula kufufuma lowopsya la kusintha ndalama, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu zaka zoyambirira pambuyo kumayambiriro lamuloli.

Pa kuli nkhondo chikominisi, chipani potsiriza anagwirizana maudindo awo - ndi Bolsheviks asiya kugwirizana ndi mphamvu zandale. Tsopano iwo ali m'gulu la zida boma. Kukula kwa mfundo ndi tanthauzo lake muzochitika zones za moyo boma ndi oziyimila paokha zinachititsa kuti kulamulira ndi chosagawanika cha anthu ndi Bolshevik Party. Izi zikachitika, kusintha kwa NEP anakhala zambiri, monga muzochitika chuma ndi ndale, ndi maganizo anali anaikira mu manja a "puppeteer".

The oyamba a ndondomeko yatsopano chuma cha anthu anakumana m'njira zosiyanasiyana. alimi ambiri mwachilungamo msanga ankatembenukira nayamba mwachangu kulowa msika, antchito, nayenso anali ndi mwayi kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo pa ulimi, chifukwa kusintha kwa NEP anapereka mwayi chuma cha chuma cha dziko, limene, mwatsoka, wakhala kotero stupidly anataya zaka wotsatira.