The outflow likulu - kuti ... ndi zifukwa kiyi kwa outflow likulu ku Russia Kodi

Likulu la dziko - si kudzikundikira chuma, ndi chitsimikizo cha zaka yaitali pachuma. Ngati dziko lili ndi chuma chokwanira, chimene chikutanthauza kuti akhoza sanatumidwe kwa chitukuko, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito powalimbikitsa mavutowo. Choncho, outflow kwambiri likulu - vuto lalikulu dziko lililonse. Chifukwa ambiri ndi owonjezera imports pa wolowa ndi ndalama katundu chifukwa malo akumane ndalama mu dziko. M'nkhani lero tiona chikhalidwe, maonekedwe ndi zotsatira za "ndege" likulu.

Akamanena za maganizo

Dongosolo mfundo zachuma zomwe ano asapita yachilendo zachuma pakati pa maiko awiri, akadali zofunika kukambirana. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana kuti aziona thunthu la ndalama zakunja. Nthawi zambiri, outflow likulu - amamasulira chuma ndalama ku dera la State wina kuziyika mu dziko lina. Pa nthawi yomweyo, zodabwitsazi sakhala ndi vuto la kusintha kwa umwini pamene kampani kwenikweni akudutsa mu malo a mlendo, monga mu nkhani iyi, katundu ndi kukhala pakhomo. Mwini watsopano akupitiriza kulipira misonkho kupereka ntchito, ndiko kuti, likulu lake ndi phindu la chuma cha dziko. Mofananamo, musapatuke za kutembenuka kwa ndalama ndalama zakunja, ngati amakhalabe dziko, kaya ndi kusungidwa kubanki kapena nyumba "mu kuwonjezera ake."

Capital za chuma mthunzi

"Gray" ndalama - ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri mu nkhani za chuma cha mayiko ambiri osauka, kuphatikizapo Russia. Iwo kudziunjikira chifukwa cha malonda oletsedwa ndi banki ntchito, oletsedwa kupeza ngongole ndi zosayenela mu imfa ya luso kulipira. Komabe, zipangizo akhoza ayi zimachitika ku likulu la dziko, chotero iwo sayenera m'gulu la "ndege" ndalama kwa dziko. Mu Russia, iwo amakhudzidwa ndi malamulo ndi mayiko pa Kulimbana ndi legalization wa chuma chigawenga njira.

The zifukwa "ndege" likulu

Pali osiyanasiyana maganizo pa funso la chifukwa pali outflow ndalama. Koma akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira ndi udindo kusokonekera zinthu chuma ndi ndale, ziphuphu, ziwawa msonkho.

Choncho, zifukwa zazikulu kuti chuma payekha amalonda ndi anthu kupita kudziko lina, ali motere:

• Kulanga zachuma ndi ndalama nyengo mu dziko (zandale, ang'ono kukula kwa msika, ndi devaluation wa ruble ndi, zomangamanga osauka).
• Kugwiritsa liberalization zoyikidwa ndi mabungwe a zachuma padziko lonse.
• Unachitikira ku dziko la Inde zachuma kumene kumapangitsa ndalama ku ndalama zakunja.
• Inefficiency a msonkho.
• Alibe mgwirizano pakati pa gawo bizinesi ndi maulamuliro onse.
• Sakhulupirira anthu kuti gawo la kubanki.
• The criminalization wa ntchito zachuma ndi dzuwa mkulu wa mwachinyengo wa chimaposa oletsedwa.
• Chiopsezo devaluation ndalama ndi chuma chuma.

mitundu outflows

Posamutsa ndalama m'mayiko kapena kulephera kubwerera kumeneko m'njira zosiyanasiyana. The akuluakulu izi:

• Pakuika mabanki akunja ndalama kuti anali kale mu nkhani la Russia.
• Tumizani wa ndalama pa makadi ndi chapaulendo ndi chitetezo pa kuwoloka malire.
• Kulephera kubwerera kwa phindu pa ntchito zachuma analandira kunja.
• Ntchito anasamutsidwa sanali banki.

Mchitidwe kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito njira zingapo nthawi imodzi. Ngati ife kugawanitsa iwo ku mawonedwe a kumbali, tingasiyanitsire magulu zazikulu zitatu:

1. njira malamulo. Zikuphatikizapo katundu wa ndalama pa makadi kapena chilengedwe cha makampani kunja.
2. "Gray" njira. Zina osakhala adzabwerenso phindu akunja, kuzembetsa ndalama, omwe si anaphimba ndi Code Wachifwamba.
3. njira oletsedwa. Zikuphatikizapo njira anafotokoza m'nkhani 188 193 a Code Wachifwamba.

Zotsatira zoipa achire ndalama kunja

"Kuthawa" mwa likulu - uyu si chinthu chatsopano chifukwa chuma Russian. The outflow likulu unkachitika mu nthawi ya chipwirikiti chachikulu, kusintha Petro, serfdom ndi kusintha zokomera. Izi ndi khalidwe la chuma wosakhazikika dziko. eni mukufuna kuteteza zofuna zawo malonda, kotero kusankha zinthu zabwino kwa kaikidwe ka ndalama. Mmene likulu ndege kumayambitsa mavuto m'madera izi: chuma, ndale ndi chikhalidwe. Komanso, izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka mu chivundi ndi upandu. The vuto lalikulu ndi kuti zoyipa amamuchititsa kudziunjikira, ndi zinthu amamuchititsa moto m'tsogolo.

Capital outflow ku Russia

Ndalama kuti abwere latsopano la Russia, ochepa a anthu amene asiya dziko. Official "ndege" likulu ikuchitika mu mawonekedwe a kumanga-ndi chuma achilendo ndi mabanki zoweta malonda, kugula m'matangadza ena ndi ndalama kuti kugulitsa gawo malonda ndi anthu. chigawo ichi n'kosavuta ndi ulamuliro. Oletsedwa likulu ndege - otsalira osatembenuzidwa zasungidwa katundu, kulipira si sakupezeka inatha ndipo anataya mu tsintho ndikupeleka ndalama.

Mu chaka 2014, malinga ndi Bank chapakati Russian mlingo boma chinawonjezeka ndi nthawi 2.5 poyerekeza ndi malipoti nthawi yapita ndipo anakwana madola oposa biliyoni 150. US. Mu nkhani iyi, Zoneneratu zonse kuyambirira asapatsiridwe osachepera 20 biliyoni. Outflow. Akatswiri amavomereza mfundo yakuti Pa mtengo otsika a mabanki mafuta kudzakhala kovuta kukhala chofunika kuchuluka kwa nkhokwe ndi mavuto a zachuma ndi structural, osati cyclical.

Njira yothetsera vutoli

The outflow likulu - ndi vuto kuthetsa mu tsiku lina n'zosatheka. Apa tiyenera kusintha nchito za cuma.

Taganizirani njira zoyambirira ndalama mu dziko:

1. Kupereka njira malonda a chitetezo nationalization osayembekezereka kapena kuukira.
2. msonkho zina ndi katundu utsogoleri pa makampani, amene ntchito eni unyolo kuti kubisa phindu lenileni.
3. Kuwonjezeka malonda chilungamo.
4. Tax ndalama ku Russia.
5. Control pa mwambo wa mawu a ndalama zakunja chuma Russian.
6. polimbana ndalama mwachinyengo kudzera zikawonongeka.
7. Kukhazikitsa chithandizo ŵakwenera kulamulira likulu otaya.
8. Mapangidwe mfundo yatsopano ndi mabodza wakutemwa.