Tropinin chithunzi cha Pushkin. VA Tropinin chithunzi nkhani ya Pushkin wa chithunzi

Nthawi zonse chidwi tsoka la chithunzi chilichonse kuti limagwira maso athu tambirimbiri luso ndi zinthu zochititsa chidwi. A chidwi chapadera ndithu chifukwa zithunzi. Ndipotu, zimasonyeza moyo kamodzi kapena tsopano anthu amene ali ndi khalidwe lawo, tsogolo lawo, mzimu wa amene agwidwa ndi moyo imeneyi pa lona chithunzicho. Kaya ndi sakudziwika kwa ife anthu kapena otchuka, nthawi zonse chidwi Scott zambiri za tsogolo la onse mbuye amene analenga mwaluso ndi munthu liliri mu chithunzichi.

Today mu adzitengere ulamuliro wathu imagwera chithunzi cha A. S. Pushkina. Tropinin Vasiliy Andreevich anali mmodzi aluso ambiri amene akuonetsedwa pa chinsalu lalikulu Russian ndakatulo. Kodi tsogolo ndi ntchito ya wojambula chikondi ichi? M'mikhalidwe zimene anajambula chithunzi, ndipo ali kuti tsopano? Tiuzeni za izo.

mawu ochepa A za chithunzicho

Malo Vasily Tropinin, ndi zapamwamba mmodzi wa aakulu chithunzi amisiri nthawi yake ku Russia, kuli mudzi m'chigawo Karpovo Novgorod. Zodabwitsa, koma atate wa Tropinin anali serf wa Chiwerengero Munnich, ndipo pamene mwana wake wamkazi - Natalia Antonovna Munnich - anakwatiwa ndi Chiwerengero Morkov, chithunzicho wamng'ono wakhala akutchulidwa ndi kupereka mwini latsopano.

Pamene Chiwerengero Morkov Tropinin anatumizidwa ku St. Petersburg kuphunzira pastry case, anazemba anapezeka nkhani pa Academy of Wabwino Tirhana. talente yake Mwachibadwa kupenta anathandiza chakuti Tropinin analoledwa kukhala mongodzipereka pa Academy. Komabe, maphunziro iye sanalandire konse ndipo ayenera kupita pamodzi ndi mbuye kwa Ukraine.

Pang'onopang'ono, iye anayamba chidwi cha anthu ndi ntchito zawo alidi luso. Pomaliza, mu 1823 anakhala free, analandira udindo wa academician n'kuyamba moyo wake mu Moscow, Suli kutali ndi Big Stone Bridge. Kumeneko analemba Tropinin chithunzi cha Pushkin, amene anadzakhala mmodzi wa zithunzi wotchuka a ndakatulo iyi.

njira kulenga

Kumayambiriro ntchito Tropinin yodziwika njira wapamtima, waulemu, koma pa nthawi yomweyo mogwirizana kwambiri mtundu osiyanasiyana, anagwiritsa ntchito kujambula zina zachidule zithunzi za eni - banja Morkov.

Mu ntchito za nthawi 1820-1830 gg. inu mukhoza kuwona tanthauzo sculptural mabuku, amphamvu ndi maso ayankhe chitsanzo polnozvuchie mitundu anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito Tropinin. Chithunzi cha Pushkin, kulozera nthawi imeneyi kuti nthawi kwathunthu amasonyeza zonsezi pamwambapa.

Mu zojambula za 1830-1840-ntchentche. ndi nakweza mtundu wanyimbo sitiroko, vuto la zikuchokera. Tropinin amasamalirira kwambiri mfundo zosiyanasiyana, kupanga kusiyanitsa, zithunzi lililonse a m'nthawi yake. Ntchito za nthawi imene komanso yodziwika zizolowezi kunja chikondi, makamaka osati khalidwe la ntchito yake.

Cholinga chachikulu cha chithunzicho kusonyeza typicality ankafotokozedwa iwo amasewera kudutsa pamtima mkati ndi popanda kusonyeza osiyana zoonekeratu kuti munthu kapena gulu lina. Kujambula anthu, iye anayesa kusonyeza chirichonse chimene chinali mmene anthu bwalo lino. Izi ndi kupenta "The Lacemaker", wodzazidwa ndi kudzipereka ndi chikondi cha kumverera kwa anthu wamba a anthu.

Zaluso wapatali ndi kukonzekera zojambula, amene anagwira ntchito wojambula Tropinin. zojambula ake anachita ntchito yofunika kwambiri ndi osauka Russian demokalase luso la m'zaka za m'ma XIX ndi kutchukitsa Moscow ndi miyambo yosiyanasiyana.

Mbiri ya chithunzi cha

Amadziwika kuti Pushkin yekha osati kwambiri ankakonda awajambule ojambula zithunzi. Ndi chifukwa chake wamng'ono zalembedwa ndi ndakatulo mafano chikhalidwe. Komabe, atabwerera ku limasonyeza St. Michael pa, mu 1827, kumapeto kwa Decembrists nkhani ziwiri zithunzi izi, amene kenako anakhala zapamwamba za kupenta Russian ndi fano bwino Pushkin zinalembedwa. Woyamba olembedwa O. A. Kiprensky ndi VA Tropinin, amene amasimba za Pushkin ankaona zithunzi zimathandizadi kwambiri analengedwa ndi wachiwiri.

Mosiyana ndi Baibulo wamba, chithunzi cha anatumidwa ndi wolemba ndakatulo iye yekha, si bwenzi lake Sergeya Aleksandrovicha Sobolevskogo, amene ankafuna asanachoke kuti maonekedwe a Pushkin mu mawonekedwe nthawi zonse, koma osati mu zovala zonse. Zinaonekeratu kwa kalatayo Sobolev, lofalitsidwa mu 1952, linati kuti ndakatulo mobisa analamula chithunzi ndi kuupereka kwa bwenzi ngati mphatso.

Ndi kusankha wojambula wosankha izo zinali zosavuta, monga Vasily pa nthawi yomwe kale ngati portraitist kwambiri. Komabe, pa ntchito izo anasiya lingaliro pachiyambi, chimene chiri chosiyana ndi mwachizolowezi, dongosolo okhazikika bwino, womwe wakhala wochirikiza wa Tropinin. Chithunzi cha Pushkin mu Baibulo komaliza ankafotokozedwa osati omasuka wolimba ndi mwachibadwa wa sitter, monga anafuna Sobolewski ndi ndakatulo nyansi, chomwe amaganizira chibwenzi ouziridwa luso. kwambiri tanthauzo mkati ndi maganizo a kulenga a ndakatulo iyi anali mwangwiro opatsirana.

Zonsezi akuyesera kuti asonyeze omvetsera, kupanga chithunzi cha Pushkin Tropinin. Kufotokozera za chithunzi , kuti iye anachita izo kamodzinso zimatsimikizira. Wolemba ndakatulo akukhala, kaimidwe wake mwachibadwa ndi mosavuta. Dzanja lamanja ndi mphete ziwiri pa zala atagona pa tebulo pafupi ndi bukhu lotsegula. Ndi lalikulu kuvala chobvala ndi kolala buluu m'khosi mwake - yaitali buluu mpango. Background ndi zovala kugawana wamba golide bulauni mtundu, kupanga munthu aime ndi lapel shati, umene uli pakati pa zikuchokera. Musati Tropinina cholinga anali anawonjezapo maonekedwe a Pushkin, koma bwinobwino kulengedwanso ndi analanda wauzimu mkulu a ndakatulo iyi.

Tsoka la zojambula ndi

Chidwi mbiri ya moyo ndi zithunzi. Sobolewski anatenga buku ang'onoang'ono a chithunzi mu Avdotya Petrovna Elagina kulinyamula ndi inu. Ndipo ngakhale kuti zinachitikadi mwaukadaulo, akamanena lonse ya chithunzi chinatayika. Monga ofufuza za kulemba, iye sanali pochitika wanyonga ndi gulu limene lili ndi wapachiyambi.

Kusiya Russia, Sobolewski wasiya chithunzi cha gawo la chomwecho Avdote Elaginoy. Komabe, pambuyo pochokera kudziko lina asanu Patapita zaka, ndinapeza mmalo mwa choyambirira buku otsika kwambiri.

Choyambirira chithunzi anawonekera m'ma 50s mu masitolo ndalama kusintha. Mu 1909, iye anali pa mndandanda wa Tretyakov Gallery, ndipo pambuyo zisinthe, mu 1937, anasamukira ku Union, tsopano National Pushkin Museum ku St. Petersburg.

Tsopano chithunzi chili Chikumbutso Museum-nyumba ya Pushkin pa Embankment Moika 12 ndi mbali ya m'nyumbayi zovuta.

ntchito kutsutsa

M'nthawi anagwirizana anazindikira kufanana kwa weniweni tropininskogo chithunzi cha Pushkin. Koma mmodzi wa otsutsa ndi kudziŵika kuti chithunzicho sanathe kupereka maso wodzala ndi wolemba ndakatulo iyi. Zimenezi si mawu zingakhale zoona, monga yomangika ndipo maso a chithunzi cha Pushkin akufotokoza kudzoza chenicheni munthawi mopupuluma kulenga.

Mosiyana Kiprensky chithunzi Tropinin zambiri wodzichepetsa, koma si wolephera woyamba kapena mphamvu okongola a mawu alionse.

Chithunzicho Tropinin chithunzi Kiprensky

Onse zithunzi izi zinalengedwa chaka chimodzi ndi kusonyeza zithunzi awiri osiyana a ndakatulo iyi. Chithunzicho Kiprensky linalembedwa m'chilimwe cha 1827 ndi dongosolo la bwenzi Pushkin a, A. A. Delviga. Linauziridwa ndi Pushkin, ndi ozama, koma anasokonezedwa maso kwambiri tcheru. Pushkin ntchito Kiprensky wodzazidwa ndi chofunika ndi tanthauzo.

Izi ukasintha mosiyana ndi zimene zinalembedwa Tropinin. Chithunzi cha Pushkin dzanja lake, monga tanena kale, chikusonyezera ndakatulo mu matchalitchi amene amati ndi munthu wamba chilengedwe kunyumba ndi zovala. chithunzi ichi ndi pafupi ndi kutentha kwa wowerenga lapansi.

zithunzi zina za Pushkin

Komanso kukhala zapamwamba ZITHUNZI Tropinin ndi Kiprensky, pali zinthu zina za Pushkin. Woyambirira wa iwo anali kakang'ono ndi wojambula wosadziwika, imene ikusonyeza ndakatulo pa zaka pafupifupi zaka zitatu.

Pambuyo zimenezi zinalembedwa zithunzi zambiri, ndipo ankakopera ndi mndandanda wa zithunzi tingachipeze powerenga a ndakatulo iyi. Pushkin yekha, akudziwa bwino maonekedwe a nkhope yake, anasolola kudziletsa zithunzi mu mbiri, yoyamba inatuluka mu njira ya pokonzekera buku la buku loyamba ndakatulo.

Koma ndi n'zovuta kutsutsa mfundo yakuti chithunzi chilichonse cha Pushkin, zithunzi zimene tikuona pa Intaneti kapena mabuku, akhoza m'malo zosangalatsa zokongoletsa kuona wapachiyambi, anasonyeza mwa luso zomera. Only apo mukhoza kumva kukoma wapadera ndi mzimu wochokera intaneti, ndipo mumvetse kwathunthu cholinga cha chithunzicho.