Utsi zina

utsi zina analandira kuchokera kusinthidwa zopangira magetsi. Mwachitsanzo, ndilochokera ku mafuta, malasha (liquefied mafuta mafuta kapena gasi) ntchito monga njira kuti mafuta ambiri m'mayiko ambiri. Komanso, monga mafuta a galimoto angagwiritsidwe ntchito haidrojeni kapena magetsi opangidwa ndi malasha, komanso chifukwa cha resumption zopangira magetsi. Kupanga izi makampani galimoto, zomwe zimakolezera awa ntchito yekha mu Chiyambi chake.

mafuta zina akukhala angapo patsogolo chifukwa boma nthawi zonse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, komanso kulephera kukwaniritsa bwinobwino kufunika nthawi kuchuluka kwa mafuta kupanga ziziyenda dziko. Chitsanzo chimodzi cha mafuta, yotsutsa zinthu za mafuta ndi gasi ndi biofuel. Mosiyana ndi ntchito ya hydrogen ndi magetsi mayendedwe ake sikutanthauza kusintha kwakukulu kwa panopa zomangamanga, injini ndi zida. Chifukwa chakuti mwachindunji pang'onopang'ono kukhala yoona kutembenuka kwa zombo pa biofuels.

Masiku ano, ofufuza zina mafuta yagawidwa mitundu itatu. mitundu yonse ili pansipa timatha m'malo m'tsogolo mafuta ndi dizilo mafuta.

Mwachitsanzo, methanol ( "mtengo mowa") ntchito magalimoto. mwayi waukulu - ndi ntchito zachilengedwe yabwino. Mayiko monga United States ndi China, zaposachedwapa mwachangu kukhazikitsa pulogalamu pa ntchito methanol nkhuni.

The mafuta madzi ntchito alipo Kapenanso, ankaimira Mowa, womwe wapangidwa pamaziko a mowa ndi distillation ndi nayonso mphamvu ya mbewu zina (balere, chimanga ndi tirigu). Yowongolera wa ntchito zachilengedwe ndi kuwonjezeka octeni chiwerengero akhoza kusakaniza ndi mafuta.

mafuta mpweya kale ankagwiritsa ntchito lero, anthu a m'mayiko ambiri. Choncho, gasi laperekedwa kwa makampani, nyumba zofunikira.

Koma kuphatikiza gasi ndi wa hydrogen kupereka mafuta zina galimoto zida ndi injini kuyaka mkati.

Mphamvu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magetsi magalimoto zoyendetsedwa ndi batire. Mphamvu atasunga mabatire kuti recharged ndi kugwirizana kwa galimoto magetsi gwero muyezo mtundu.

mafuta Biodiesel amapangidwa pa maziko a nyama mafuta ndi masamba mafuta.

Liquefied mafuta gasi, propane ndi dzina, umatulutsa akuyenga mafuta ndiponso gasi. Mtundu uwu wa utsi zina ankagwiritsa ntchito mu moyo wa munthu. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa Kutentha ndi kuphika. Today propane amatanthauza utsi otchuka kwa magalimoto.

Pomaliza, mtundu wotsiriza wa utsi zina - F-zino, lomwe ndi osakaniza Mowa, methyltetrahydrofuran, liquefied gasi, ndi Co-zosungunulira amene analandira kuchokera nkhuni. mafuta ali mkulu octeni chiwerengero ndi choncho ngakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu magalimoto, ali ndi injini multifuel.

Mndandanda wa utsi zina chingakhale chosakwanira popanda kutchula zaluso monga kupanga gwero kutentha ndi mphamvu zina kuchokera zinyalala olimba. Kale m'mayiko ambiri kumanga zomera lolingana, "Kwatha mankhwala" amene ali ndi yabwino yothetsera mavuto awiri nthawi imodzi. Choyamba, kuletsa clogging wa chilengedwe chifukwa mabuku nthawi kuchuluka kwa zinyalala. Chachiwiri, kusankha zabwino pa nkhani zachilengedwe.