Zakale participle. Suffixes participles zapitazi. Chabe participle mu tensi yakale

Chirasha - malamulo kuti muyenera osati kudziwa ndi kuzindikira kuti kulemba bwino ndi kulankhula zokongola. "Mgonero" - mmodzi wa nkhani zofunika katswiri kuti, mungaphunzire lalifupi koma limaonetseratu kulankhula. Kovuta ndi participle zapitazi. Ngakhale ngati anafika nthawi kuphunzira, ndiye inu mukhoza kumvetsa.

Kusiyana pakati pa maganizo ndi participles ndipo popanda iwo

Yerekezerani bids: wina ku loba zikutanthauza kuti imapha, ndipo chachiwiri - kuipidwa ndi wamng'ono wamwamuna. Chimake choyamba zotsukira ndi chokongola ndi ndakatulo kuposa wachiwiri.

Nkofunika kwambiri kuti athe m'malo Akumakambirananso kwa copywriters pokwaniritsa malamulo, zimene zikusonyeza ndi lolondola "okhutira madzi" malemba, chifukwa yotsegulira mawu, prepositions, zolumikizira, ndi mbali chabe mndandanda wa "madzi" mawu.

Mgonero monga mbali ya kulankhula

Ambiri molimba wopatsidwa kumvetsetsa mbali imeneyi ya kulankhula. Ana ngakhale kulemba za ndakatulo iyi oseketsa:

Chosefukira tsokali -
Kuphunzira, nakopa sakramentili!
Ine bwinobwino zowawa,
Ngakhale pa chiyambi chabe
Siyanitsani.
Kodi zopweteka kwambiri?

Kuchokera Maphunziro tikudziwa kuti sacramenti - si wophweka mtundu wa mneni amene, chifukwa katundu ndi mawu, ndi adjective. Ku mbali iyi ya kulankhula mneni ali mawonekedwe ndi nthawi, ndi adjective - jenda, chiwerengero, choncho, wathunthu yochepa mawonekedwe. Palinso weniweni zapitazi participle ndi kungokhala chete. Izi ntchito - chinsinsi - nawonso analandira kuchokera mneni.

participles nthawi

Kawirikawiri kusiyanitsa mu participle zakumbuyo ndi zam'tsogolo. Zikuonekeratu kuti tanthauzo la gulu ayenera kumvetsetsa mbali zamalankhulidwe mawu, ganizirani kanthu udzachitika pa nthawiyo, kapena zachitika kale. Pa funso la chimene ali participle zapitazi, pali yankho yotsimikizika: tanthauzo la mawu akusonyeza kuti pali kukuonetsedwa zotsatira, osati ndondomekoyi. "Galimoto mnyamata" ndi "mnyamata anathamanga": yachiwiriyo angayerekezedwe. Mbali yoyamba, timagwiritsa ntchito nthawi ino chifukwa mwana wachita kuchita mu mphindi. Ngati chachiwiri, mwana wamaliza akuthamanga ndi kuyimilira kutsogolo ife. Choncho, Sakramenti - m'mbuyomu.

Yogwira participles mawu

Kodi kusiyanitsa weniweni kuchokera participle wakale wa chabe? O, basi! Choyamba, muyenera kuganizira za tanthauzo la watero lapansi. Taganizirani chitsanzo chotsatirachi.

1. "Play pa mchenga mnyamata gombe anasangalala kwambiri." "Play" - weniweni zapitazi participle, ngati iye anachita.
2. "Mu udzu wandiweyani, ife nkomwe mabanga chiwala piye." Mwachitsanzo ichinso ntchito participle kale mu mawu yogwira. Ndipotu, n'zoonekeratu kuti tizilombo yokha kuchita kanthu zotsatirazi - kulongolola.
3. "Anatuluka mitengo akugwa kunyamula yekha mwamphamvu mantha, kuwawona anthu." Ndipo apa n'zoonekeratu kuti toed mwini nkhalango yokha wapanga kanthu. Choncho, mawu akuti "anatulukamo" - alinso participle wakale wa yogwira nthawi mawu.

Chabe participle mu tensi yakale

Anawagwiritsa, timakhala tikulingalira, zingasonyeze kanthu kuti umabala chinthu munthu wina. Ndiye, participle kale chabe. Pakuti kumvetsetsa kokwanira kwambiri ziyenera kuonedwa zitsanzo.

1. "Kavalidwe, kuvala mtsikana, choncho iye maso pozungulira anayang'ana pa msungwana wamng'ono ndi kumwetulira wachifundo." Kuyambira apambuyo zikuonekeratu kuti chovala yokha sangachite chilichonse. Limatanthauza kuti "kuvala" - ndi participle chabe, chifukwa amapereka zotsatira za msungwana, ndi kavalidwe chomwecho iye ankavala.
2. "Tanya atsuka mbale wothwanima woyera." Ndipo pano izo ziri bwino kuti munthu wina anapanga mfundo ntchito zina - kodi mbale makhalidwe oipa sakanakhoza ku zatsalira chakudya. Choncho, mawu akuti "anatsuka" ndi participle chabe ndi tensi yakale.

zikuchitikazi chachikulu suffixes kalembedwe wa participles mu pano, kuti amvetsetse wotani, n'zosavuta, inu basi kukumbukira zimene suffix amatanthauza conjugation yeniyeni.

participles maphunziro m'mbuyomu

Iwo anapanga ndi mneni ndi mapulaniwo nthawi iliyonse ndipo suffixes zomwe thandizo: anakonda - adamkonda, anafuna - amene ankafuna ndipo ndinalota - ndinalota, chakudya - chakudya, kunyamula - nosshy, kukwera - anatulukamo. Izi ndi zitsanzo za mapangidwe participles zapitazi yogwira mawu nthawi. Kuti lonjezo limasonyeza kuti zochita zonse zoperekedwa ndi zinthu okha. zitsanzo zina ndi oyenera chabe zapitazi participles: mukufuna - ndifuna, kutsogolera - lotengeka, obsmeyat - obsmeyat, lonjezo - lonjezo.

Suffixes participles zapitazi yogwira nthawi mawu

fomu iyi aumbike ku zapansi mneni ndi suffixes: -vsh-, -sh-. View ndi kusintha mu nkhani iyi si zofunika. Ntchito mu mapangidwe suffix participle zimatengera kokha pa mapeto a mneni tsinde.

1. Ngati itha za mawu ndi, kwalembedwa -vsh-. (Zitsanzo: pogwiritsa - chiyani, kumanga - kumanga, kuyang'ana - anayang'ana pa.)
2. Ngati mapeto a m'munsi waima ndi consonant, m'pofunika kuika suffix -sh-. (Zitsanzo: kunyamula - vezshy, kunyamula - nosshy).
3. ngati mgonero aumbike pa mneni -t ndiye suffix -vsh- adzalembedwa pambuyo pake za mawu, umene unali mu maonekedwe choyambirira wapakamwa pamaso -t. (Chitsanzo: kusamba - myvshy, kuseka - kuseka ndi ikulendewera - ikulendewera.)

Table maphunziro zapitazi participles yogwira mawu nthawi

Kusintha ndi kudziwa mtundu wa participles

Analipanga, kuika funso kwa yozungulira nauni mosavuta fufuzani waufupi wa sacramenti, muyenera mneni. Ngati nyumba imeneyi chinali kufunsa accusative popanda anawagwiritsira, izo ndi transitive mneni. Mwachitsanzo: onani (chiyani?) Film kusindikiza (chiyani?) Nkhani. Kapangidwe ka "athamangadi (kuti?) Pa njira," funsolo "zimene" si woyenera, ndiye ndi intransitive mneni, participle, ndipo ndi chimodzi modzi, motero.

Mavuto ayenera osadzuka: ngati kanthu ndi mu ndondomeko - ndi mtundu wopanda ungwiro ngati kale - wangwiro.

Maphunziro chabe participles zinachitika kale

Iwo anapanga ku mneni transitive nthawi yabwino. Wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau imperfective participles pali pang'ono ndithu.

Malinga ndi gome tsopano chimodzi chokha zofunika funso: pamene suffixes chabe participles zakale zolembedwa ndi munthu "N" Ndipo pamene awiri? Nkofunika kukumbukira ochepa malamulo nemudrenyh. Chimodzi "N" adzayenera participles mitundu ungwiro, ngati iwo:

• ndi sadalira mawu, prefixes, suffixes -ova- / -ova-: yokazinga, yophika, kusuta;
• Mwachidule Mgonero: mgwirizano aumbike, mkazi utoto.

Awiri "N" ndi zonse chabe participles zapitazi anachokera kasewenzetsedwe ka mau perfective ndi kukhalapo kwa:

• yozungulira mawu Nsombazi yokazinga mu mafuta; yophika nandolo msuzi;
• -ova suffixes - / - ova- (Zitsanzo: 1. asokoneza mayi mwana kukuwa mu sitolo 2. enchanted maso ake wokongola, munthu Anagwa mchikondi ndi mkazi wokongola.).

Mgonero "asokoneza" ndi "mwankhanza" Ali yemweyo syntactic ntchito monga adjectives, ndiko kuti, m'sentensi kawirikawiri matanthauzo.

Zakale participle yogwira mawu nthawi inenso ndiri nako kubwerera suffix Xia. Mwachitsanzo: kubisala cockroach, mwazisiya mchenga, kuseka kukongola chiopsyezo ntchentche.

Mwaiwala zimene malamulo ambiri

Koma nthawi ya chinenero cha Chirasha, pali kuchotserapo. Mawu monga "kufunafuna", "chikondi" ndi "kutenga", sangathe kupanga participle chabe. Pali mbali zoterozo kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kutha mu -sti: iwo angasinthe n'kukhala participle kungochita kalelo. Mwachitsanzo:

• Yokhotakhota. (The agogo nsalu madengu kotero yabwino kusonkhanitsa bowa.)
• Kuba. (Akuba mphaka sneaker nthawi yaitali sitinapeze izo.)
• Phindu. (Sharik chatsopanochi fupa kwambiri anasangalala chifukwa cha zimene iye amawalandira akugwedeza mchira wake.)
• Pezani. (Pamene mphunzitsi anapeza anapeza cribs, Bob anazindikira kuti tiyenera kupeza njira kuonera bwino, koma monga momwe Iye ali wokanika, m'pamenenso iye anali kudziwa.)

Kudziwa malamulo a chinenero Russian - si chitsimikizo kuti munthu adzatha kulemba ndi kulankhula bwino. Iwo ayenera kuzindikira. Ndipo n'kofunika kwambiri luso ntchito nzeru zawo kuchita.