Zinenero mawu: mini-dictionary kwa ana asukulu

Mu kuphunzira chinenero cha Chirasha ku sukulu, ndi zachilendo mawu zinenero zosiyanasiyana, omwe si nthawi zonse bwino kwa ophunzira. Tayesetsa kulemba yochepa mndandanda wa malingaliro ambiri ntchito kumvetsa. M'tsogolo, ophunzirawo angathe ntchito mu kuphunzira chinenero cha Chirasha.

phonetics

Mawu zinenero ntchito mu kuphunzira phonetics:

• Phonetics - gawo la zilankhulo amene amaphunzira zokuzira.
• Kumveka - osachepera tinthu kulankhula. Kusiyanitsa za mawu ndi consonant phokoso.
• Syllable - Nthawi zambiri munthu kapena phokoso angapo, analankhula mu mpweya umodzi.
• Kutsindika - kudzipatula mu za mawu kulankhula.

• Orthoepy - gawo la phonetics kuti amaphunzira katchulidwe malamulo a chinenero cha Chirasha.

kalembedwe ka

Mu kuphunzira kalembedwe m'pofunika ntchito mawu otsatirawa:

• Kalembedwe - kuti amaphunzira malamulo kalembedwe.
• Orfogrammy - kalembedwe mawu mogwirizana ndi malamulo kalembedwe.

Lexicology ndi phraseology

• Chizindikiro - dictionary wagawo, mawu.
• Lexicology - gawo la chinenero cha Chirasha, amene akuyendayenda chizindikiro, anachokera nchito.
• Mau ofanana - mawu amene ali ndi tanthauzo lofanana ndi kalembedwe osiyana.
• Otsutsana - mawu amene ali ndi tanthauzo zosiyana.
• Paronyms - mawu amene ali kalembedwe ofanana koma osiyana pa mtengo womwewo.
• Homonyms - mawu omwe kalembedwe chomwecho, koma ali ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana.

• Phraseology - zilankhulo kuti amaphunzira mayunitsi phraseological, makhalidwe awo ndi mfundo za logwirira ntchito chinenero.
• Etymology - nzeru za chiyambi cha mawu.
• Lexicography - nthambi ya zilankhulo kuti amaphunzira malamulo yolemba otanthauzira ndi kuphunzira.

kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe

mawu ochepa za zimene Russian mawu zinenero ntchito mu kafukufuku wa kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe wa chigawo.

• Kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe - kuphunzira chinenero kuphunzira mbali ya kulankhula.
• Nauni - ndi wodziimira mbali ya kulankhula. Zimatanthauza chinthu chimene akulankhula ndi kuyankha mafunso: "amene", "kodi?".
• Adjective - amatanthauza lowani kapena chikhalidwe cha phunziro ndi kuyankha mafunso: "chiyani?", "Chiyani?" "Kodi?". Zimatanthauza wodziimira dzina gawo.

• Mneni - gawo la kulankhula, zikusonyeza kanthu ndi funso lakuti: "Kodi?" "Kodi zimene".
• Numeral - akusonyeza nambala kapena dongosolo la zinthu ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuyankha mafunso: "zingati?" "Ndi mmodzi uti?". Zimatanthauza mbali palokha wa kulankhula.
• Puronauni - limasonyeza chinthu kapena munthu, chizindikiro chake, ngakhale kumuyitana.
• Adverb - gawo la kulankhula, zikusonyeza chizindikiro cha kanthu. Iwo amayankha mafunso: "motani?" "Pamene?" "Chifukwa chiyani?", "Kuti?".
• Mukhululukire - wothandiza mbali ya kulankhula kuti zikugwirizana mawu.
• Union - gawo la kulankhula zikugwirizana mayunitsi syntactic.
• Particles - mawu omwe akutipatsa maganizo kapena wokhala mawu ndi ziganizo.

mawu owonjezera

Kuwonjezera mawu awa kale, pali mfundo zomwe zili zofunika kudziwa wophunzirayo. Kuonetsetsa mawu zofunika zinenero zimene zili M'pofunikanso kukumbukira.

• Malembedwe - gawo la zilankhulo kuphunzira kupereka: mbali ya dongosolo lawo ndi kugwira ntchito.
• Language - dongosolo chizindikiro, nthawi zonse kukhala mu chitukuko. Ntchito kulumikizana pakati pa anthu.
• Idiolect - makamaka mawu a munthu weniweni.
• Zinkalankhulidwa - mitundu chinenero chimodzi, amene ankatsutsa zosinthika zolembalemba zace. Malinga gawo lililonse chilankhulo ali makhalidwe yake. Mwachitsanzo, Ocaña kapena Akane.

• Chidule - mapangidwe manauni ndi chidule cha mawu.
• Latinism - mawu amene anabwera kwa ife mu moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa chinenero Latin.
• Inversion - kupatuka pa dongosolo mwachizolowezi mawu, kupanga kuwayalanso mchitidwe amapereka stylistically chizindikiro.

stylistics

Zotsatirazi mawu chinenero, zitsanzo, ndi mtima umene udzaona amayambira tikaonetsetsa kalembedwe ka chinenero Russian.

• Otsutsana - chipangizo stylistic, ozikidwa pa kuwatsutsa.
• Maphunziro - njira zochokera jekeseni kapena kufooka mwa njira homogeneous wa kulankhula.
• Diminutive - mawu anapanga ndi suffix diminutive.
• Oxymoron - kulandira chimene kuphatikiza mawu anapanga ku makhalidwe ooneka ngati atakwatirana lexical. Mwachitsanzo, "moyo mtembo."
• Euphemism - m'malo mawu zokhudzana ndi mawu nthabwala ndale.
• Epithet - ndi stylistic trope, nthawi zambiri adjective ndi mtundu limaonetseratu.

Izi si ndandanda ya mawu ofunika. Tidawapatsa kokha zofunika koposa mawu chinenero.

anapezazo

Mwa kuphunzira Chirasha, ophunzira kenako adzawombana ndi mawu, ndi makhalidwe amene sakudziwika kwa iwo. Kupewa mavuto maphunziro, izo m'pofunika kuti munthu anu dikishonale ya mawu sukulu Chirasha ndi mabuku. Pamwamba tili zofunika zinenero mawu mawu, adzakhala nawo kangapo pa maphunziro kusukulu ndi yunivesite.