Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov: chithunzi mbiri. Wambiri, ndondomeko kusintha ndi zotsatira za ulamuliro wa Alekseya Romanova

March 19, 1629 anabadwa Mfumu yachiwiri ya watsopano Russian lachifumu mafumu - Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. Mbiri chithunzi cha wolamulira lino akuyandikira fano ndithu wochenjera, skilful ndi omvetsetsa mfumu.

Youth Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova

Wambiri Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova ndi chidwi kwambiri. Mayi ake anali EL Streshneva - mwana wa boyars odzichepetsa wosalabadira. Mpaka zaka zisanu Alexei anali kuyang'anira mamok ambiri ndi anamwino. Boyar zina kuti adzipeza Morozov anakhala awathandize bwinobwino kwa mfumu wamng'ono. Kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi mfumu anatenga dipuloma, ndi mabuku oyamba anawerenga anali: ndi Breviary, Machitidwe a Atumwi, Masalmo. Alex ankakonda kuwerenga kuti ndi zaka 12 anali laibulale ana ake omwe. Pa mabuku amalikonda alipo Cosmography, mawu ndi galamala, lofalitsidwa mu Duchy la Lithuania. Pakati zoseweretsa ana ake anali zida German ojambula zithunzi, zoimbira, mapepala kusindikizidwa (zithunzi). Ndinkakonda Alexis ndi makalasi m'manja, kuyambira ubwana ankakonda falconry, ndi akula, ngakhale analemba ndemanga pa falconry. Wambiri Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova limasonyeza akuthandiza kwambiri kuti mtetezi anali kuchipatala wake. Ndi zaka khumi ndi zinayi wamng'ono Alexis anali kuperekedwa kwa anthu, ndipo pa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi pambuyo, anakwera ku mpando wachifumu wa imfa ya atate ake ndi amake.

Zaka zoyambirira za ulamuliro wa

Board Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova inayamba mu 1645. Youth and osadziwa pachiyambi wolamulirayo kunali kwakukulu moti nkhani zonse zofunika komanso mwachangu ulamuliro wambiri manja a B.I.Morozova. Koma maphunziro ndi luso kwambiri wolamulira anadzifula okha anamva, ndipo kuchitike posachedwapa zochita boma anakhala Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. Mbiri chithunzi cha ulamuliro wake zaka akulongosola zovuta ndi zotsutsana za mfundo zoweta ndi achilendo la Russia. Makamaka kugwira ntchito a alangizi ena kasamalidwe ka dziko wafunsira kusintha.

Panthawi imeneyi, timakusonyeza khalidwe la mfumu. Ophunzira, wochezeka komanso mosavutikira munthu - kuti mu maso a m'nthawi anayang'ana Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. Dzina la "wa bata" tsar bwino choyenerera. Koma ngati n'koyenera, kodi ndi chifuniro, khama, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale chiwawa.

conciliar kachidindo

Kusintha Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova anayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Council Code - malamulo loyamba la malamulo a boma la Russia. Izi zisanachitike, ndi refereeing mu Russia ankatsogoleredwa ndi osiyana, nthawi zambiri amatsutsana okha malamulo ndi malangizo a akupanga lapansi. Ndi chisankho cha mfumu ulozhenija anakankhira Salt chipolowe, chifukwa cha ntchito yatsopano pa mchere. The instigators ya mfumu anapereka kuyeretsa mchere malamulo malonda ndi lachiweruzo Assembly kuchigawo. Pa nthawi imeneyo, mfumu anakakamizika asintha, koma pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Chilamulo Code Zemsky Sobor wataya mphamvu zake ndipo posakhalitsa kusungunuka.

ukwati wa mfumu

Atangoyamba chitunda ku mpando wachifumu wa mfumu anapeza mkwatibwi. Iye anali Mariya Ilinichna Miloslavskaya - mtsikana banja akale ndi womveka boyar. Ngakhale mafumu anali kufunafuna akwatibwi kunja, ndipo anasankha akazi awo m'nyumba bwino boyars. Pakuti mwayi kukwatira mu achifumu poyamba kumenyana boyars angapo. Mu Mfundo Cathedral kupemphera mfumu anaona mtsikana Mary Miloslavskys mtundu. N'zokayikitsa kuti msonkhanowo unali mwangozi. Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, ukwati wopambana ndi okhalitsa. Iye anamwalira mfumu ankalemekeza mkazi wake anali chitsanzo chabwino banja mwamuna ndi anapanga ana ake khumi ndi zitatu, atatu amene anali olamulira ina ya dziko.

The magawano

Mphamvu ya mpingo kuchiyambi cha ulamuliro wa Alexei Mikhailovich kunali kwakukulu kuti mabishopu, Nikon anapatsidwa udindo wa "wolamulira wamkulu". Choncho, mfumu anazindikira Kuyanjana pakathi pa mphamvu pakati pa iwo ndi Mbuye wa mpingo. Koma zinamuipira boyars, monga Nikon chofunika kuti amalize kumvera ndi mtheradi sanali kulowelera mu zochitika mpingo. Koma, monga nthawi wasonyeza sopravlenie uyu anali zolakwa zake zikuluzikulu. Nikon yapangitsa kuti ufulu ukauze mfumu, mmene amaperekera nkhani za boma. Chikoka pa mfumu ndi anthu apamwamba, otchuka anakana. Chiyambi cha mphamvu ichi amapezeka mu maphunziro, amene analandira Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. Mbiri chithunzi ndi zolemba chi tionetseni chithunzi cha kwambiri woopa Mulungu, munthu wachipembedzo. Kuchepetsa chikoka Nikon njira imodzi yokha. Kumayambiriro a 1658 wansembe Kazan Cathedral akutembenukira kwa mfumu ndi funso mwachindunji: "anakoloweka yaitali bwanji ndi kukhala mdani wa Mulungu" Ndipo Mfumuyo manyazi kwambiri Mnyozo kusiyana ndi amene kungapondereze mphamvu ya Ufumu ndi ankakayikira ulamuliro wa autocracy lapansi. The atasemphana amavutika, ndipo zinapangitsa kuti kugawanika a. chifukwa yokhala anali mwamwano Nikon boyars, kenako ubwenzi poyera yekha ku ulemerero wa kholo ndipo anapita ansembe a. Mu 1666, Bungwe la Zazipembedzo limachotsa Nikon mwalamulo kumuchititsa mutu. Popeza ulamuliro wa Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova anali kwenikweni autocratic, ndi mphamvu zake, iye amakondanso ngakhale kutchalitchi.

Policy Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova

Mugone kunja chidwi kwa mfumu. Chonde Kenturiyo Cossack Khmelnytsky za kusiya polyatskuyu alowererepo anamveka autocrat. Zemsky Cathedral mu 1653 ananyamula nzika Cossacks Chiyukireniya ndi anawalonjeza thandizo asilikali. Mu May 1654, asilikali a Russia anayenda nakhala Smolensk. Mwa dongosolo la mfumu, m'chaka cha zochita 1654 asilikali anali patsogolo, ndipo mzinda wa Kovno, ndi Vilna Brodnya anakhala Russian. Swedish nkhondo, imene inatha mu kugonjetsedwa unayambitsidwa. Smoot ku Ukraine, amene anayamba titangotsala atamwalira Khmelnytsky, anafuna resumption cha nkhondoyi ndi Poland. January 8, 1654 pa Pereyaslav Rada potsiriza anakonza kulowa Ukraine mu Russia. Patapita nthawi yaitali, mu 1667, Poland anavomera malire atsopano, ndi pangano la inalowa la Ukraine ndi Russia chakhala anazindikira padziko lonse lapansi. Bwinobwino imachitika chitetezo cha malire a kum'mwera a boma, anali anamanga mizinda ngati Nerchinsk, Irkutsk, Seleginsk.

zaka opanduka

Ambiri a zochita zokhudzana ndi chitukuko cha Siberia ndi kukula kwa gawo la dziko, ndi pamene Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. Mbiri chithunzi cha autocrat onse Russia chingakhale chosakwanira usanachimvetse zotsutsana mkati ndi maganizo aakulu, amene anakumana mu ulamuliro wa. Sichangozi m'ma 17 anadzakhala adzatchedwa "wopanduka" chifukwa cha zolakwa zonse perturbing boma. Makamaka kupanduka Stepana Razina, ndi yimitsira amene anayenera kuwononga nthawi ndi khama.

The ndondomeko ya zachuma ya mfumu analimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mafakitale ndi patsogolo malonda yachilendo. Mfumu ankalimbikitsa malonda Russian kuteteza msika zoweta kwa katundu yachilendo. Panalinso zolephera mu ndondomeko ya zachuma. maganizo kotereku pa anasonyeza kufunika zamkuwa ndalama zasiliva kwachititsa anthu Lidandaula ndipo zinachititsa kuti devaluation wa ruble lapansi.

Zaka zomalizira za ulamuliro wa Alexei Mikhailovich

Pambuyo pa imfa ya mkazi wake wokondedwa wa mfumu kukwatirana. chisankho chake chinali NK Naryshkin, anampereka ndi ana atatu, kuphatikizapo tsogolo Mfumu Peter 1. Mfumu tcheru kwambiri kwa maphunziro ndi kuwalangiza lamulo Ambassadorial kumasulira mabuku ena ndi zosiyanasiyana ntchito sayansi Russian. Mwa pafupi mfumu anali ambiri amene kuwerenga mabuku a olemba mabuku akale, anali laibulale ake, ndi bwino mu zilankhulo. The mkazi wachiwiri wa mfumu ndi chidwi zisudzo, ndi iye mu nyumba yachifumu mwapadera pang'ono chabe zisudzo unakhazikitsidwa. Alexis anamwalira ali ndi zaka 47.

The zotsatira za ulamuliro wa Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova

The zotsatira za ulamuliro wa mfumu tinganene motere:

• Kulimbikitsidwa ufumu - mphamvu mfumu sanalinso ufulu kwa Mpingo.
• Panali ukapolo wathunthu wa Amaya.
• Panali Conciliar The Code, omwe anakhala chiyambi cha kusintha khoti Russia.
• Motero, gulu la mfumu kukuza malire a boma Russian - panaoneka Ukraine, nayamba chitukuko cha Siberia.