Angiography: kuti ali, ikulongosola za njira ndi maonekedwe a

Odwala matenda matenda a zotengera mtima ndi magazi kukumana zonse maphunziro matenda. Koyamba matenda a kudwala walola kusiyanitsa ndi kuika matenda olondola, ndipo Kupenda mphamvu zithandiza kumveketsa boma la thupi pa mankhwala ndi ndi njira muyezo chitukuko cha matendawo. A njira kambirimbiri a mosamala matenda a mtima dongosolo - Angiography. Kodi diagnostically n'kofunika kukhala mpheto ndi momwe anachita, ndi m'nkhani.

kukufikira

Pa chimake cha lingaliro la maonekedwe a angiography panatenga zaka zoposa 30 zitachitika, monga physiologist ndi Behterev anafuulira ganizo: ". Ngati pali njira zimene Sizilowana X-ray matabwa, akhoza wodzazidwa ndi zakumwa ziwiya amenewa ndi chithunzi" Kuti mpheto wakhala ambiri komanso zothandiza ntchito, icho chinali ndi zaka zinayi.

Odwala amene Kwalamulidwa ndondomeko, chidwi: "? Angiography - ndichiyani" Njira imeneyi matenda a chikhalidwe ndi mtima permeability, yomwe ikuchitika ntchito zinthu wailesi-opaque. ndondomeko amalola amayang'anitsitsa magawo zotsatirazi:

• mlingo magazi;
• mtima malo;
• pamaso pa anomalies kobadwa nako;
• kuchepetsa;
• mapangidwe njira wozungulira otaya;
• mkhalidwe wa ziwiya zimene kuyamwitsa zotupa.

Kodi ndondomeko imagwiridwa?

Matenda malo (yopapatiza kapena lonse mbiri) ndiponso zipatala zida ndi zipangizo wapadera angiography.

Apa onse zinthu asepsis. Mu malo ndi zida zina zofunika:

• Angiography - chipangizo ndi zida chifukwa radiological aziona boma la ziwiya (mitsempha, mitsempha, capillaries, lymphatic ziwiya);
• fluorographic liwiro kamera;
• chipangizo, cholinga chimene ali kuchita X-ray multishot ndi makanema.

Mu malo apadera kwambiri matenda anachita CT angiography. Ndondomeko imeneyi zimathandiza inu kuti mudziwe bwino chithunzi ziwiya boma (mwatsatanetsatane), choncho amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zatsopano zapamwamba.

mfundo kafukufuku

Mu chotengera mwazi m'pofunika kufufuza ndi kufufuza kutumikiridwa radiopaque mankhwala, ndilochokera ayodini. Izi zachitika mwa catheterization kapena puncture. Ngati chotengeracho ili ku pang'ono pansi pa khungu, ndiye yankho anali jekeseni izo kudzera syringe (puncture).

Catheterization ntchito mitsempha chozama kapena mitsempha. Mu ziyerekezo mayeso chotengera zimapangitsa mankhwala oletsa ululu pamalopo. Pambuyo ang'ambe thupilo wa khungu ndi subcutaneous mafuta minofu ndi kusanthula chotengera Chinawonjezeka thereto introducer (woonda pulasitiki chubu za 10 cm m'litali). Kudzera introducer iwo kusuntha zipangizo zina ndi catheter, kotero kuti mulibe mwangozi kuwononga Mitsempha. Kudzera catheter ndi anadzetsa nthumwi mosiyana.

Pambuyo njira akulowa chotengeracho, zimafalikira mwa dongosolo. Choyamba, mitsempha ndi mitsempha ndizodzazidwa, ndiye arterioles, venules ndi capillaries. Panthawi imeneyi, mothandizidwa ndi X-ray makina anatenga zithunzi ochepa kapena yochepa kanema.

mitsempha Angiography kapena mitsempha (zotsatira phunziro) zalembedwa pa sing'anga digito kuti amalola kusonyeza deta mpheto akatswiri ena.

Kodi ntchito?

Anayendera chikhalidwe ndi mtima permeability ntchito m'minda ya mankhwala, monga:

• mtima opaleshoni - asanachite opareshoni dokotala n'chakuti malo ndi kapangidwe ka madera opareshoni;
• Oncology - munda Pulayimale malo ndi metastases anafufuza pa nthawi yomanga maukonde capillary;
• Pulmonology - kupenda m'mapapo vasculature, komanso kudziwa malo kwa Pop-magazi;
• Phlebology - akatswiri kudziwa kuti kuli ufulu maonekedwe a aneurysms, magazi kuundana, atherosclerosis, matenda mtima, kobadwa nako anomalies zachilengedwe;
• neuroscience - ziwiya ubongo angiography limasonyeza kukhalapo kwa aneurysm ndi, magazi, kuchepetsa, njira chotupa.

Ngati mukufuna kufufuza zotengera zonse za malo ena, ndiye njirayi imatchedwa angiography ambiri. Pankhani ya potaya boma la nsupa munthu Tikatero amatchedwa kusankha.

oziziritsa mtima angiography

Pakafukufuku radiopaque mankhwala ndi kutumikiridwa ndi mitsempha catheter monga:

• pa ntchafu bwino;
• phewa;
• ulna;
• subclavian.

The catheter patsogolo mwa dongosolo mtima kwa dera kumene mayeso ndi nthambi chotengera. Mu lumen kutumikiridwa njira. Nthawi yomweyo kupanga angapo akatemera ku mbali ndipo kutsogolo kwa mutu. Ngati m'pofunika kufufuza nyumba akutali, gawo lachiwiri la zinthu kutumikiridwa. Kachiwiri akutsatiridwa ndi mndandanda wa zithunzi zolosera chofunika. The chida mayikidwe chikutha ndi matenda udzatha.

angiography oziziritsa amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi kumeneko kuti malo amene catheterization. Ngakhale catheter patsogolo m'thupi, wodwalayo asaone nkhawa. Ndi kukhazikitsa njira kumachitika mu pakamwa zachitsulo kulawa, ankatenthetsa nkhope, kutentha kutengeka okhetsedwa. Zotsatira kutha patapita mphindi pang'ono.

Zikuonetsa kufufuza ziwiya ubongo

chiwerengero cha zinthu pathological zofuna matenda (Kujambula angiography imagwiridwa kuti mumve zambiri):

• aneurysm - chotengera thambo tingayambe kukha mwazi;
• Angioma - mtima chotupa;
• ischemic sitiroko - dokotala amaweruza kufunika thrombolysis;
• hemorrhagic sitiroko - anatsimikiza ndi gwero la kukha mwazi;
• mtima malformation - dokotala amaweruza mlingo wa matenda ndi gwero la magazi;
• TBI - kudziwa zotsatira zoopsazo;
• hematoma - Katswiri pafupifupi malo ndi kukula;
• chotupa - chimatanthauza kukula, malo, boma ziwiya okwanira.

ziwiya Angiography za mtima

Inatsekeratu angiography - ndichiyani? Njira imeneyi ziwiya kafukufuku wa mumtima. Catheterization wa femoral kapena zozungulira mtsempha wamagazi catheter ndipo anachititsa kuti msempha. Radiopaque njira kutumikiridwa alternately ku lamanja ndi kumanzere mitsempha inatsekeratu. A mndandanda wa zithunzi zichitike nthawi yomweyo.

Wodwala angadandaule za maonekedwe zizindikiro choterocho pa makonzedwe a mankhwala monga:

• kutentha mu nkhope;
• arrhythmia;
• chizungulire;
• nseru, kusanza;
• kutsokomola.

The zikuonetsa kuti m'mnyewa wamtima ndikukhulupirira, inatsekeratu matenda a mtima, cardio, anomalies mtima kobadwa nako mtima chikhalidwe.

Phunziro ziwiya nthambi

kumalekezero angiography ikukhudza ndondomeko Kuphunzira boma la mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya manja ndi mapazi. Matendawa m'makona chapamwamba imachitika mwa kuyambitsa nkhani radiopaque mu mtsempha wamagazi ndi brachial. Pakuti miyendo m'munsi - mu msempha m'mimba kapena femoral mtsempha wamagazi, malinga ndi zimene mlingo zofunika diagnostics. Kuphunzira mtsempha wa phazi ndi mwendo m'munsi amathera puncture wa mtsempha wamagazi zapambuyo tibial. Ndi kukhazikitsa njira ya wodwalayo angaganize funde la kutentha mapazi.

Zikuonetsa kuti phunziroli:

• atherosclerosis wa malekezero a m'munsi;
• occlusive matenda;
• thrombosis, thrombophlebitis;
• thromboembolism;
• kuvulala, limodzi ndi zipangizo mipata;
• kugaŵa aneurysm;
• kufufuza mphamvu ya mankhwala.

Kukonzekera matenda

Onetsetsani kuti mwachindunji pakalibe hypersensitivity munthuyo ayodini ndi ena ofanana. Ngati wodwalayo mimba, X-ray sizigwiritsidwa ntchito. Pankhaniyi, ankakonda MR angiography.

masabata awiri kukusalani mowa pasabata - anticoagulants ( "Heparin", "Warfarin", "Aspirin"). Ndipo kutatsala masiku ochepa matenda ikuchitika maphunziro ambiri a monga:

• Chipatala magazi ndi mkodzo mayesero, coagulation, sayansi;
• ECG ndi ultrasound za mtima;
• fluorography mapapo;
• mtundu magazi ndi RH Chinthu;
• Kupenda kwa matenda (HIV, matenda a chiwindi, chindoko).

Madzulo a angiography ikuchitika pa chitsanzo cha mankhwala radiopaque. M'mitsempha chikuyendetsedwera 0.1 ml. Pankhani ya urticaria, matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis, conjunctivitis, ntchito arrhythmia mankhwala ndikoletsedwa.

Madzulo pamaso ndondomeko ikuchitika kuyeretsa mankhwala, njira za ukhondo. Katswiri anapereka mitsempha, walola mtima kumasuka. M'mawa wa examinee aleke kudya kapena kumwa pamaso pa mpheto ayenera kulowa chikhodzodzo.

maphunziro mokoma

Pali mikhalidwe pathological omwe amafunika njira yaitali ndi mosamala yokonza ngati ndondomeko ndi angiography. Kodi odwala ayenera kuchita matenda anali uneventful?

Kuthamanga magazi, m'pofunika ziziyenda. Chifukwa chaichi ntchito "Nifedipine", "Dibazol" "Raunatin" kapena antihypertensive mankhwala wodwala mu mankhwala mosalekeza.

Pamaso pa arrhythmias mtima kutumikiridwa "Panangin" kapena mankhwala enaake potaziyamu. Zotchulidwa dokotala amagwiritsa glycosides mtima. Mu CHD kapena kupweteka mtima syndrome ntchito "nitroglycerin" "Ernits" "Sustak".

matenda a impso chamoyo amafuna madzi machulukitsidwe. Kagwiritsidwe radiopaque mankhwala adzakhala zochepa kuchita ngati wothandizira irritant ndipo mofulumira excreted mu mkodzo.

Ngati muli akasupe aakulu matenda (sinusitis, matenda), katswiri n'kukulemberani mankhwala kapena sulfonamides a masabata 2 asanayambe kuphunzira.

Contraindications angiography

Ndondomeko matenda si ikuchitika pamene pali kuukira zokhudzana ndi umoyo wa wodwalayo. Izi zimachitika mu mavuto monga:

• yotupa matenda pachimake;
• mavuto a m'maganizo;
• aimpso kulephera;
• mtima kulephera decompensation;
• matupi awo sagwirizana ndi ayodini ndi ena ofanana;
• matenda limodzi ndi magazi matenda;
• mimba.

Angiography - bwino ndipo ankagwiritsa ntchito maphunziro njira mtima dongosolo, ndi ubwino zambiri pa njira ina yodziwira.