Belarus Pripyat National Park: zithunzi ndi ndemanga

Mu Polesie dera pakati pa mitsinje Pripyat, Uborgi, Stviga ndi Pripyat National Park mu Belarus. Malo uposa 1800 Km ^2. Mwapadera Otetezedwa Zone - 850 Km ^2. paki lili m'dera la Lelchitsy, Zhitkovichi ndi Petrikov chigawo (Gomel dera). Likulu la paki wapadera lili Lyaskovichi agro.

nkhani

Mu 1969, gawo ili la Polesie Belarus anatsimikizidwa malo chikhalidwe. National Park padziko lino anaonekera mu 1996, ndi dongosolo la mutsogoleli wa Belarus. Izo analengedwa pa maziko a chikhalidwe malo alipo kuyambira 1969.

M'dera la malo osungirako mu ndondomeko ziŵalo wakhala kwambiri. National Park ndi kiyi ornithological gawo.

Cholinga cha paki maphunziro

Poyamba ndinaganiza za kulenga malo m'dera Polish academician V. Schaefer. Mu mmasate za m'ma XX, iye akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito kwa cholinga ichi ndi chimodzi mwa waukulu mu Europe Olmanskie zosiyanasiyana kuti lili pakati pa mitsinje ndi Stviga Goryn. Pa nthawi yomweyo bolotoved Kulchinskaya S. (Poland) ankaphunzira bogs ili kumadzulo kwa dziko la Polesie. Zotsatira za ntchito yake anafalitsa mu monograph wake, imene inkatchedwa "The peat bogs la Polesie."

Kumayambiriro 40 ntchentche zinakonzedwa maziko a sayansi gulu la m'dera limeneli. Mu 1958, Academician N. V. Smolsky amene anali monga mkulu wa ku Central Botanical Garden wa Academy of Sciences a Belarus, analangiza bolotovedu L. P. Smolyaku chikalata kufunika kukhazikitsa malo amenewa. ntchito linamalizidwa mu 1961

Mu June 1969, pa malo a 615 Km ² Pripyat malo osungirako unakhazikitsidwa. Mu 1994, iye anasamutsidwa ku Commission pansi Purezidenti wa Belarus. Patapita chaka chimodzi (1995) unakhazikitsidwa pano nkhalango kusaka ogwira "Lyaskovichi".

Patapita chaka chimodzi (1996) malo reorganized mu Pripyat National Park. Cholinga cha maphunziro - kuteteza malo apadera a Polesie ndi kuphunzira kusintha pambuyo dziko reclamation. Mu 1998, dera limodzi ndi Museum ya Nature.

Pripyat National Park - mode chitetezo ndi kasamalidwe

Ambiri paki ndi malo otetezeka. Iwo ali ndi malo a mahekitala oposa 30 sauzande, amene ali pafupifupi 35% za gawolo. Pali ndikoletsedwa ntchito ndalama. Monga pa 11% ya malo ndinapatsidwa chuma ndi zosangalatsa. Mbali yaikulu ya paki dziko wa zone ndathetsa khalidwe - pafupifupi 48 mahekitala (54% m'dera) .. Chotero magawidwe dongosolo limene mahekitala oposa 30 zikwi ali ndi malo otetezeka, ndipo 11 zokha% zapatsidwa kwa zone imene ndi ntchito yogwira zachuma kapena kusangalala, zomveka ndithu.

mtsinje

Pripyat National Park ali waterway chachikulu - mtsinje Pripyat. Ichi ndi mkulu wa madzi ndi yaikulu tributary wa Dnieper. Kusefukira kwa mtsinje floodplain ndi anasefukira, ndipo amawachitira mpaka makilomita 30.

Mu njira chapamwamba Pripyat ali njira angapo, ndiye ndi mitundu sinuous oxbow nyanja, meanders, kumalo, pali zambiri zilumba mchenga ndi viscous. Mtsinjewo osiyana yaitali kasupe chigumula, wamfupi dzinja otsika madzi, amene akusokoneza mvula ndi madzi osefukira nyamuka pachaka madzi m'dzinja. Chotsikitsitsa madzi mlingo anati mu September ndi October. Pripyat amaundana pafupifupi onse pa nthawi imodzi pachiyambi cha December, mtsinje anatsegula mu March. Madzi kutentha mu nthawi yotentha asagwe pansipa + 21 °, kutentha pazipita mu July + 28 ° C.

Pripyat mukhoza kuona malo osungirako zachilengedwe, chithunzi m'nkhani ino yochepa kwa makhwawa Pripyat: kuchokera kumpoto - Stviga Mtsinje, kum'mawa - mtsinje Ubort. Pa nkhani imeneyi, malinga ndi asayansi, malo osungirako ndi chatsekedwa hydrological zigawo, ndipo kotero pafupifupi sanasonyezedwepo reclamation yaikulu m'madera oyandikana nawo. Nkofunika dera Buku la paki.

mitsinje Small ndi nyanja

Wapadera zopezera mitsinje yaing'ono - nkhumba alimi, Old Ubort, Utvoha, buckthorn, mtsinje - ndi reclamation dongosolo 280 makilomita yaitali. Pali nyanja oposa 300 floodplain lapansi. The mitsinje kudzera paki zimapezeka pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya nsomba. Pakati chilimwe kuposa kuluma mlamba, tench, nsomba ndi rudd. M'madzi osaya nkhalango meadows kubwera kwa zimaswana Pike, bream, roach, sabrefish, ide.

zomera

Posachedwapa, pasanathe zaka zapitazo, dzikolo linali m'dera la zithaphwi. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIX kuti zinachitikadi reclamation. njira akhazikitsidwa. kutalika ukufika makilomita oposa 300. Chifukwa cha reclamation wa madera akuluakulu achinyontho anali chatsanulidwa nkhalango zowirira. Panopa njira kwenikweni anataya zotsatira zawo kwambiri ndipo poyamba chatsanulidwa dambo m'dera kachiwiri.

Today bogs nkhalango zatenga magawo atatu a m'deralo ndi zizindikiro zonse za sayansi anazindikira monga miyeso yolinganizira wa madambo aakulu Chibelarusi.

paki ndi yaitali komanso mwachilungamo ofunda m'chilimwe, wofatsa ndi achisanu yozizira lachonde wambiri mvula ndi chinyezi amalimbikitsa kukula kwa zitsamba, mitengo ndi zomera herbaceous. Kukula pano kutetezedwa ndi mitundu osowa zomera: arnica wakuda, madzi mgoza, Salvinia yoyandama Naiad Maritime, Rhododendron luteum, Lilium Martagon ndi ena.

nkhalango

Pripyat National Park anatchuka chifukwa cha chuma chake chachikulu - nkhalango. Iwo kuphimba oposa 85% ya malo otetezedwa. Pa zilumba mchenga ndi zitunda, anakweza bogs chogwidwa ndi paini, amene ali 52% ya m'deralo. Pa dothi Transitional ndi m'zigwa za zithaphwi chogwidwa ndi alder ndi birch.

Ngale ya nkhalango ya paki ndi Pripyat floodplain ndi zomwe zili thundu nkhalango, koma ukulu wake kugunda hornbeam thundu nkhalango - nkhalango deciduous ya amphamvu linden, thundu, phulusa, mapulo ndi hornbeam.

Flora Park kuli mitundu 943 ya zomera, chiwerengero zimenezi zimaphatikizapo 38 mitundu mwapadera kutetezedwa, mitundu 196 ya Moss ndi mitundu 321 ya algae. Kuyenera anatsindika relict mitundu: phiri arnica, horsetail chachikulu Baranez wamba. Pakuti zatsala pang'ono kutha zikuphatikizapo martagon kakombo, Daphne boletus, Salvinia yoyandama Corydalis dzenje, madzi woyera kakombo, Platanthera bifolia tulo udzu ndi ena.

dziko nyama

Pripyat National Park amadziwika zosiyanasiyana, ndi nambala mkulu wa mitundu osowa nyama zimene salinso opezeka Belarus. Pali yololedwa mwalamulo mitundu yoposa 51 ya nyama zakuthengo, 7 mitundu ya nyama zokwawa, mitundu 37 ya nsomba, mitundu 11 achule.

Ungulates pano zikuimira Boar, mbawala, gwape. Popeza 1987, paki ndi kwawo kwa njati za ku Ulaya ndi mbawala yamphongo wofiira. Chiwerengero cha njati anthu oposa 90. Gulu la mbawala wofiira ikukula mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo lero iwo ali anthu oposa 300.

Muyezo wa zomera za paki anakhalabe ogwirira: nkhandweyo, nkhandwe, amphaka, marten, raccoon galu, mink. Kodi zikupezekera ndi kunja kwa madera ena a ku mink American, muskrat. Iwo bwino anakakhala pansi ndipo tsopano atenge malo awo pabwalopo.

Wofunika kwambiri kufufuza m'midzi yambirimbiri ya mbalame nyanja komanso pafupi ndi madzi: egrets ang'ono ndi lalikulu, herons ofiira ndi imvi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sandpipers, swans, abakha, usiku chimeza ndi ena ambiri. Iwo amakhala paki ndi mbalame zodya nyama: osprey, mphungu woyera-tailed mphungu, uchi khwangwala, mphamba wakuda, golide mphungu ndi ena ambiri.

"Pripyat" Mpumulo pabwalopo

Today pa GPU ndi "Pripyat" National Park inakhazikitsidwa dipatimenti alendo, kukhudzana ndi zimene mukhoza kuchezera chidwi kwambiri kukawona maulendo kuti bogs anakweza, mfumu mfumu thundu ndipo pine. Mungathe kukwera pa m'ngalawa Pripyat Mtsinje, pitani pa mudzi wa Turov.

Otemwa kuthera nthawi yawo mu asodzi paki. A zosiyanasiyana nsomba amakopeka asodzi osati Chibelarusi, komanso alendo ochokera m'mayiko oyandikana nawo.

Pakuti okonda kusaka analenga pano ndikusaka. Pakuti onse pofuna kumasuka ku paki amapereka nyumba alendo ndi maofesi alendo.

Reviews wosuta

Monga tanenera kale, lero aliyense angathe kupita kukaona Pripyat National Park. Feedback kwa anthu amene kale analibe mwayi kupuma pano - mokalipa. Alendo ankakonda okongola osati chikhalidwe koma ntchito mwadongosolo ndodo, chidwi maulendo, yomwe imachitika ndodo odziwa kuti akhoza kukuuzani zambiri za "munda."

Alendo ambiri kunena zinthu zabwino amoyo. Pali yaing'ono hotelo mwanaalirenji, mutha kukhala mu mphanga ndi oyimitsira kulondera. Ena apaulendo anakopeka kuyenda kudutsa. Pa magombe a Pripyat ali ndi yabwino magalimoto danga zosangalatsa.