Chisanu ndi chiyani? Kodi nanga chisanu?

Nthawi iliyonse ndi kubera yozizira ndi kunagwa chipale chofewa zikutivuta mtundu wa zikusonyezanso maganizo. bulangeti White yokutidwa mzinda, nkhalango zowirira minda, minda wosatha ndi mitsinje lonse, ndi mitengo kukulunga mu chodabwitsa shimmering mu zovala dzuwa, sangasiye osayanjanitsika aliyense mwana kapena wamkulu. Monga mwana tikhoza kukhala maola ambiri zenera ndipo taonani pamene kukuzungulira pang'onopang'ono kuuluka Kale zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa kugwa mofewa pansi ... Ife amaona dongosolo, kuyesera kupeza ziwiri zofanana, komabe kudabwa ndi kukongola ndi kuvuta ulemerero ichi zamatsenga.

Achisanu yozizira nthawi chimadzaza moyo wa mwana tanthauzo la chimwemwe ndi zosamvetsetseka kusangalala. M'kupita kwa nthawi, pamene mwana akukula, kukhudzika ndi khungu, koma penapake mu mtima wanga oyima onse, ndipo timasangalala kukongola akugona pansi pa chophimba woyera wa chirengedwe. Ana amakonda kufunsa makolo awo: "chisanu ndi chiyani?" Akuluakulu amatichitira monosyllables, kunena kuti madzi oundana. M'nkhaniyi tiona n'kuyesayesa osati ndi funso zimene chisanu, komanso kuyang'ana pa katundu ake, pa mbali ya sayansi, ndi ndakatulo za.

anthu zimene mukunena Buku?

Dahl a Dictionary akuyankha funso zimene matalala, mu njira izi: ndi mazira madzi nthunzi, amene kugwera mu mawonekedwe a flakes, shreds ku mitambo; lotayirira ayezi kuti m'malo mvula yozizira. Monga mukuonera, malongosoledwe ndi zochepa kwambiri. Onse kudziwa Wikipedia, nayenso laconic limati chisanu - ndi mtundu wa mpweya umene umaphatikizapo timibulu yaing'ono ayezi. Collegiate Dictionary inati zotsatirazi: chisanu ndi olimba mpweya, amene wapangidwa ndi timibulu ayezi, anasiyana mawonekedwe osiyana; zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa zambiri za mtundu wa mbale hexagonal kapena nyenyezi; kusiya, pamene kutentha akutsikira m'munsimu madigiri ziro Celsius. Iwo likukhalira kuti otanthauzira onse ndi mainsaikulopediya kunena chinthu chomwecho, koma momveka zomwe chipale chofewa, musati mwaufulu. Pankhaniyi, amanena za sayansi yeniyeni.

nkhani za m'mbiri

chisanu amachita kuti? Kodi izo zigwirizana? kutentha kwake ndi chiyani? Izi ndi nkhani zina zambiri zokhudza zodabwitsazi zachilengedwe, asayansi padziko lonse ali ndi chidwi nthawi yaitali. Choncho, 1611 ndi nyenyezi ndi zakuthambo Kepler lofalitsidwa ndemanga sayansi, wakuti, "Pa flakes hexagonal." Mlembi ali wanzeru kwambiri kuphunzira timibulu chisanu ndi rigor akutali a masamu. ntchito yake Anakhalanso maziko a zoterozo sayansi, monga crystallography ongolankhula. Wina wodziwika kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri, katswiri wa masamu French ndi nzeru zapamwamba Mnazareti Dekart, analinso m'gulu kuphunzira kwa zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa mawonekedwe. Iye analemba kuphunzira 1635, amene pambuyo pake m'gulu ntchito "Ulendo wa zimiyala." M'tsogolo, funso zomwe zili chisanu, imatengedwa asayansi padziko lonse lapansi ambiri nthawi.

Ndipo akuphunzira ngati zodabwitsazi asayansi amakono?

Lero, ngakhale ku sukulu ya mkaka ana kuti zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa ndi zooneka ngati hexagons kuti zinalengedwera ndi wapadera ndipo palibe zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa zofanana. Zingatanthauze kuti zonse kale: kutentha kumene chisanu chimasungunula, chimene chili ndi zina zambiri. Ndipo komabe asayansi simunataye chidwi chozizwitsa cha chilengedwe ndi kuphunzira njira za mapangidwe zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa. Iwo likukhalira kuti iwo anapanga padziko otchedwa crystallisation mtima, ndipo ambiri chochititsa chidwi, angakhale particles mphindi fumbi, mwaye, mungu, ndipo ngakhale spores.

chisanu quality, akutama andakatulo

Creaking - Ichi ndi chidwi kwenikweni. Iye akhoza adalimkumva kokha mu nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Choncho, ngati inu adzaima tsiku ndi ofunda, chisanu mudzakhala chete. Ndipo mosiyana kuti khalidwe pa pano nyengo yachisanu. Anthu kalekale: m'munsi chisanu ndi kutentha mpweya, ndi apamwamba phula squeak. Asayansi anatha kudziwa kuti amenewa amapezeka chifukwa cha onongani timibulu tosaoneka ayezi. Pamene kutentha chisanu ndi adatchithisira, awa ndi makhiristo kukhala Chimaona ndi zovuta, kotero iwo zimatulutsa ndi creaking phokoso, kuswa pansi mawilo a magalimoto ndi mapazi athu. Ngati inu aphwanye limodzi ngati Krustalo, ife samva, chifukwa cha kukula kwake yaing'ono. Chotero wochenjera zikumveka khutu anthu sangathe kupha. Koma pamodzi, makhiristo ndi Ngokhoza kulenga wosiyana maziko nyimbo. Izi creaking kwambiri ndi kuimba andakatulo ntchito zawo.

N'chifukwa chiyani matalala kapena mvula?

Chamvula kugwirizana ndi khwimbi disequilibrium (bata) mtambo umene zigwirizana wa kuchuluka kwa zinthu za nyumba osiyana ndi makulidwe. Yunifolomu zambiri kapangidwe, ndi wolimba mtambo, ndi moyenera, motalikira izo sudzapereka madipoziti. Kodi maonekedwe akamafika pansi, zimadalira kutentha kwa misa mpweya podoblachnom wosanjikiza, komanso kutalika ndi kapangidwe ka mtambo (kawirikawiri ndi osokonezeka, i.e. limapangidwa m'malovu chilled madzi ndi timibulu ayezi). Ife zoti limeneli. Kugwa mu mtambo, osakaniza kwa padziko lapansili umadutsa podoblachnye misa. Ngati kutentha mu nkhani iyi ndi mokwanira kwambiri, timibulu ayezi kusungunula ndi akusinthika mu mvula wabwinobwino ndi madontho zabwino kutentha. Nthawi zina, malinga otsika okwera mitambo, zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa ikhoza kukhala nthawi kusungunula kwathunthu, mu nkhani iyi, matalala yonyowa kugwa. N'chifukwa chake mu nyengo yopuma ukhoza kugwera wosanganiza mpweya. Ngati podoblachnoy misa kutentha ndi zoipa, ndiye chisanu ndi zophweka.

N'chifukwa chiyani nthawi zina chisanu m'chilimwe ndi mvula m'nyengo yozizira?

Takambiranazi, kodi kutentha ndi chisano, koma pa zimene - mvula. Komabe, nthawi zina pamakhala zochitika zapadera, monga yotentha chisanu akhoza kugwa, ndi yozizira - mvula. Kodi akufotokoza cataclysms zimenezi? Tiyeni tiyese kumvetsetsa chifukwa izi zimachitika. Asayansi kufotokoza zodabwitsazi ndi kupatuka pa njira yachibadwa njira chitukuko mu mlengalenga. Motero, m'nyengo yozizira mu M'madera a zitunda pakati misa mwina kutentha kwambiri chinyezi kulemera mpweya amayenda maiwe kum'mwera ofunda nyanja. Chifukwa cha m'firiji pamtunda akuyamba, zomwe zimapezeka mu limatsogolera wa chisanu ndi mpweya mu mawonekedwe a mvula. M'chaka, ife tingathe kuona zinthu zosiyana, kuti ndi kum'mwera akhoza zimaphulika ozizira misa mpweya kuchokera kozizira. Pa mthunzi wa kutsogolo ofunda anapanga amphamvu kwambiri cloudiness, pa gawo mizere ya misa mpweya awiri ndi kutentha osiyana mpweya zambiri kwambiri. Choyamba, mu mawonekedwe a mvula, ndi zina, pa kuzirala wotsatira ndipo anapereka otsika mtambo mu mawonekedwe a chisanu yosavuta kapena kunyowa. M'madera kum'mwera, ndi zambiri sizikhala choncho, pamene pa padzikoli kutentha sadandaula.

Chipale masikono - kodi anomaly izi?

Kwa nthawi yoyamba kuona zodabwitsa za chilengedwe, mwaganiza kuti ndi Kulenga kwa manja a anthu. Ndipotu, chotero njanji kapena masikono amazipotokola chirengedwe. Izi ndi osowa nyengo chodabwitsa. Chipale masikono amalenga mphepo, kukwera chisanu bola ngati iye safuna kutenga kulemera ndi kukula kwake. Kawirikawiri zidutswa awa ndi cylindrical mawonekedwe, koma pali kuchotserapo. zodabwitsazi zingaoneke kokha mu zigawo ndi amphamvu gusty mphepo, kuwala chisanu chonyowa yekha m'madera lotseguka. masikono achisanu gubuduzani steppe monga mbiya kanthu. kukula angafikire masentimita 30 m'mimba mwake ndipo masentimita 30 m'lifupi. Ndipotu munda chipale anaphimba angayambe pa yomweyo mazana a masikono osiyana. Aliyense wa iwo anasiya kufufuza - mtundu wa njanji kuti limasonyeza njira yodutsamo wa njira yokonzedwa. masikono Snow nthawi zambiri anapanga pa ndime ya mkuntho yozizira, pamene mphepo ndi amphamvu ndi watsopano chisanu. Mlengalenga kutentha ayenera kukhala pafupi ziro.

The ndondomeko ya kupanga masikono achisanu

Izi zimachitika motere: pamwamba m'dziko ayenera yokutidwa ndi nthaka wosanjikiza ayezi kapena chisanu kunyamulidwa akale, mu nkhani iyi, kugwa chisanu ndi wosanjikiza chimapangitsa ndi guluu wolimba osauka. Wosanjikiza m'munsi ayenera kutentha zoipa ndi chapamwamba - zabwino (madigiri pang'ono pamwamba ziro). Ndiye matalala atsopano adzakhala ndi mkulu "amate". Kutentha akadakwanitsira amati madigiri opanda awiri, ndi wosanjikiza m'munsi kuphatikiza awiri - chifukwa chapamwamba. Gusty mphepo ayenera mathamangidwe wamkulu kuposa 12 m / s. mpukutu kupanga limayamba pamene mphepo "kukumba" chidutswa cha chisanu. Komanso, apezeka wamng'ono anapanga, pakubwezeretsa pa munda mchikakamizo cha mphepo, kukhala ndi aliyense mita kukula wosanjikiza wa chisanu yonyowa. Pamene mpukutu wolemera kwambiri, isiya. Kotero kuti kukula umadalira pa mlingo mpweya otaya.

Zosangalatsa za chipale

Snowflake 1. 95% mpweya. Chifukwa cha ichi imagwera pang'onopang'ono, pa liwiro la 0,9 km / h.

2. The mtundu woyera wa chisanu chifukwa kukhalapo kwa mpweya matabwa ake. Choncho cheza kuwala anasonyeza ku malire ayezi galasi ndi mpweya ndi omwazika.

3. Nthawi kugwa mtundu wa chisanu chinalembedwa mu mbiri. Choncho, mu 1969 ku Switzerland anagwa chisanu wakuda, ndipo mu 1955 ku California - Green.

4. mapiri atali a Antarctica ndipo akhoza kukumana chisanu pinki, wofiira, Violet, lachikasu bulauni mtundu. Izi ntchito ndi cholengedwa - chlamydomonas matalala, amene amakhala mu chisanu.

5. Pamene zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa kugwera m'madzi izo zimandipangitsa zambiri mkulu-pafupipafupi phokoso. The khutu la munthu sangathe mwachigwira ichi, koma nsomba ali ndi ngati inu mukukhulupirira asayansi, si lofanana iwo zambiri.

6. zinthu zachilendo, chisanu chimasungunula pa kutentha madigiri ziro Celsius. Komabe, pamene chidwi ndi dzuwa, ndipo akhoza asanduke nthunzi pa kutentha pansi pa ziro, motero anyalanyaza mawonekedwe madzi.

7. chisanu yozizira akuganizira kuchokera padziko lapansi mpaka 90% a dzuwa, potero osalola kuti konzekera.

8. Mu 1987, ku Fort Chinachake (USA) analemba flake lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse. awiri ake ndi 38 cm.

pomaliza

Apa ife zosankhidwa ichi chodabwitsa nyengo, amene kotero mouma kufotokoza nazonse ndi otanthauzira. Tsopano ife tikudziwa kutentha kumene chisanu chimasungunula, chimene chili, Motani, Liti ndi chifukwa chake pali masikono chisanu ndi zambiri amagwirizana ndi mthenga kuti okongola ndi mnzake yozizira.