Mpweya Kodi ndi mmene iwo anagawira padziko lathuli

Mwinanso mwana angakuuzeni kuti mpweya amenewa. Mvula, matalala, matalala ... ndi, chinyezi kugwa kuchokera kumwamba pansi. Komabe, sikuti aliyense akhoza kundiuza bwino kumene madzi akuchokera. Zikuonekeratu kuti ku mitambo (ngakhale si zovuta ndi kudya ulamuliro), koma pamene pali mitambo kumwamba? Kumvetsa chifukwa ndi mmene wakupitirira wathu mitu, yamvumbi, mvula ndiponso chipale chofewa, inu kudziwa za nzeru al-awiri a dziko lapansi.

Pamwamba pa nyanja ndi nyanja amapezeka mchikakamizo cha dzuwa evaporation. Maso nthunzi kukacha, amene akupita mu mitambo ndi mitambo. Mphepo kuwatengera ku Chile, kumene mmodzi wa mpweya. chinyezi wakumwamba ikagwa, mu mitsinje ndi nyanja, izo seeps mu pansi pa kudyetsa akasupe. Poyankha, mitsinje zambiri, mitsinje ndi mitsinje yaikulu kukhetsa mu nyanja ndipo nyanja. Choncho pali mkombero hydrologic a Dziko Lapansi - makope zonse madzi limati yake yosiyanasiyana thupi: nthunzi, madzi ndi olimba.

Kulakwitsa ndi kuganiza kuti mpweya ayenera kugwa kuchokera kumwamba. Nthawi zina, amachita maphunziro monga mame, chisanu kapena chisanu, ndipo ngakhale kuuka kwa pansi, monga nkhungu. Ichi ndi chifukwa nthunzi condensation mu ozizira, chinyezi zimalimbikitsa mpweya. Ngati thupi la madzi otentha kuposa mpweya pamwamba, evaporating mamolekyulu H2O ndiye Zachepetsedwa - mawonekedwe chifunga kapena mitambo onyamula mvula. Ngati mpweya ndi yozizira nyanja, ndondomeko ndi adzagonjetsa: unyinji wa madzi oundana ngati chinkhupule kuyamwa chinyontho mpweya ndi kukhetsa izo.

Ikufotokoza chakuti mumlengalenga mpweya pa dera la Dziko ndi m'goli kwambiri. Ofunda Gulf Stream amanyamula utuluke mkangano ku Nyanja Caribbean ku mabodza kumpoto kwa Iceland. Kulowa ozizira mpweya, chinyezi adzamasulidwa ndi ndipamene mtambo zovuta, potero kupanga nyengo apanyanja kumadzulo kwa Ulaya. A kugombe la kumadzulo kwa Africa, Australia ndi ku South America, ndondomeko zosiyana kumachitika: ozizira otaya zouma mpweya misa otentha ndi kupanga chipululu Mwachitsanzo, Namibia.

Mvula ambiri padziko lonse - za 1000 mamilimita pa chaka, koma pali m'madera chinyezi kugwa kwambiri wamkulu ndipo pali malo mvula zimachitika chaka chilichonse. Choncho, m'zipululu ndi madzi a zosakwana 50 mm mu masiku 365, ndipo umboni kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi wakumwamba Charrapundzha ku India, limene lili otsetsereka mumawomba mphepo kwabasi la Himalaya pamalo okwera makilomita oposa mmodzi pamwamba pa nyanja - pamene mvula imagwera millimeters 12 zikwi pa mita lalikulu pa chaka . M'madera ena mvula ali omangidwa anagawira kudutsa nyengo. Mwachitsanzo, mu nyengo subequatorial ali nyengo ziwiri zokha: youma ndi yonyowa. Kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi kuchokera November kuti May ndi ofunika chidebe, pamene otsala miyezi 6 mvula kubwera. The nyengo youma ndi mu mtengo 7% pachaka.

Kodi kuyeza kuchuluka kwa chinyezi anagwa kumwamba? Kuchita izi, pa malo nyengo pali zipangizo wapadera - osadkometry ndi pluviograph. Ichi ndi chikho kukula kwa mita lalikulu 1, amene akugwa chinyezi onse akumwamba, kuphatikizapo mpweya olimba - matalala, matalala kumene-wagwa, matalala, pellets chisanu ndi masingano ayezi. bumpers Special kuteteza kukokololoka kwa nthaka ndi kuchuluka evaporation madzi kugwera chikho. Masensa kudziwa kutalika kwa mvula anasonkhanitsa: pamene chimvula, tsiku, mwezi ndi chaka. Kuwerengetsa mlingo chinyezi wa madera akuluakulu ntchito makina ounikira njira.