David Cronenberg, ndi filmmaker ndi screenwriter: yonena, zilandiridwenso

Mwina mantha kanema mu dziko wotchuka wotsogolera David Cronenberg amadziwa zonse. Iye - munthu odzoza ndi zilandiridwenso. Chiyambireni cha ntchito zake cinematographic (1975) David, akutiakuti anatenga naintini lapadera pa dongosolo la mafilimu zonse kutalika, aliyense ndi otsutsa mosamala filimu sanawone aliyense wa sitampu a wotsogolera tinalandira kwa ntchito m'mbuyomu. Kuzindikila namatetule wa mmodzi wa atsogoleri kwambiri yoyambirira ya mafilimu a kanema palokha anapatsidwa kwa iye mutu loweruza wa Cannes Film Chikondwerero mu 1999.

Komabe, nkhani za izo, ife zambiri kuyamba ndi mbiri chabe.

Emigrant mu m'badwo wachitatu

David Cronenberg anabadwa 15/03/1943 mu Toronto. agogo ake, emigrant mu m'badwo woyamba, Myuda Chilituyaniya, anatenga dzina la kapitawo. Komabe, m'chombo ku Canada, baba yomweyo anasintha kuti Konenberg. Iye mwina anafuna kuonera tsoka? Ndipotu nzika olemera dzina dziko lake linali Leopold Kronenberg. Akhama agogo malo latsopano kutatha yaing'ono banja malonda (mabuku), amene anapereka Davide atate wake. Aliyense kulandira ohod ku masitolo, nayenso ntchito mu nyuzipepala "Toronto Telegams" Mtolankhani. Amayi tsogolo mkulu wa maphunziro anali woyimba. Iye anatsatira ovina mu kuvina Canada.

Phunziro. Kumulakalaka mafilimu a kanema

Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, David Cronenberg anapita ku University of mumzinda wakwawo. Kumeneko, anapeza cholinga chake anthu. Mu maphunziro a wophunzira inasamutsidwa kuchoka luso, kumene anaphunzira sayansi pa mphamvu ya English mabuku, maphunziro athu mu 1967.

Ku yunivesite, Davide anakhala chidwi mafilimu a kanema. Zinafika mwangozi. Mmodzi wa mabwenzi ake anapanga zazifupi za m'kalasi filimu. Cronenberg anaonerera izo chidwi. Anachita chidwi ndi kuthekera yosintha chenicheni kudzera mwa mafilimu a kanema.

Poyamba iye srezhessiroval ndipo anatsogolera awiri mafilimu lalifupi: "Kuyambira kuda" (1967) ndi "Choka" (1969).

nzeru zapadera zilandiridwenso

David sakhulupirira Mulungu, iye sanafune kuvomereza chiphunzitso cha umulungu wa munthu. Creative umunthu anakopeka wokwera malingaliro ndi kusintha kwa thupi anthu. PHUNZITSANI anatulukira azimuth wapadera mafilimu a kanema a, mkulu filimu wamng'ono, mwachionekere amatsatira mfundo "sadakhulupirire maso anu." Wophunzira David Cronenberg kukayikira zoonekeratu kudziwa anthu dofantazirovat looneka chopatsa chachinsinsi ndipo mwachinsinsi chikhalidwe. Iye anakonza lingaliro wapangodya wa zilandiridwenso tsogolo lanu, limanena kuti munthu aliyense ali ngati wasayansi wamisala, ndi moyo ozungulira iwo, ndi zasayansi kwa zatsopano.

filimu waluso

Zotsatirazi ake awiri lalifupi mafilimu - "sitiriyo" (1969) ndi "Ndichinthu cha Tsogolo" (1970) - walenga malinga ndi mfundo anakonza. David anayamba mutu wa masinthidwe anthu, kutsegula izo luso wosadziwika, mapindikidwe maganizo. Nthenda mwamphamvu pa malo a ntchito yake wokhala filmmaker Canada, ndi ichi, pa dzanja limodzi, ngati misala.

Koma ndiye, inu mukuona, Mulungu amadziwa pamene anaika malire pakati namatetule ndi matenda okhudza ubongo. Plato anaitana anthu ganizo kuona zilubwelubwe chopatsika kwa pamwamba. Malinga ndi ophunzira ake, nzeru zapamwamba Greek yekha anakambirana kwa nthawi yaitali ndi munthu wosaoneka. Wokwanira kukumbukira biographies wa zilandiridwenso anthu ena. Ndithudi, malinga ndi kafukufuku wamakono sayansi, ubongo ankaona Dostoevsky (a aakulu mawonekedwe a khunyu), Gogol (akuchita misala). Nthawi ku misala (ichi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi zoyankhulana) ankachitira ndi zolembalemba mfumu chodabwitsa Stiven Mfumu.

Chinthu chimodzi mosakayika: wotsogolera novice David Cronenberg analenga maiko awo, bizarrely kupotoza galasi kuwalitsa zitsanzo umunthu.

Woyamba filimu

1975 chizindikiro gawo latsopano zilandiridwenso a wotsogolera. Pa mafilimu a kanema zowonetsera anamasulidwa mbali yake yoyamba filimu "omangana". David Cronenberg (kusaka Forest ukapolo) kudziunjikira ndalama filimu bajeti. script ake amatiuza nkhani ya wamisala wasayansi ndi chibadwa, amene anabweretsa majeremusi watsopano wa anthu umene bwanji kulimbitsa ntchito anthu kugonana. Iye amakhala mu imodzi mwa chilumba zogona, pafupi Montreal. Zinachitikira woyamba wa implantation a tiziromboti limapanga zoyerekeza-katswiri wa mbuye wake. Komabe, posachedwapa zinthu achoka ulamuliro - chilumba Inayamba mliri lonse kupusitsa anthu omvera malamulo mu ogwirira chiwawa kugonana.

Filmography maestro Cronenberg

Pakuti izi sizinali zolakwika mafilimu makamaka ochokera David Cronenberg. Lembani mu pakalipano zokha, monga takambirana kale, ali zinthu naintini ku "omangana" (1975) kuti "Star Makadi" (2014).

Komabe, mu "omangana" anasonyeza monga wotsogolera weniweni. Dialogues naye. Pali leitmotif filimuyo kuti: Izitu n'zovutitsa. khama owoneka a zisudzo. Chirichonse chimene angathe kumwedwa mphamvu ngati filimu wotchipa, Davide anachita Cronenberg. Filmography ya wotsogolera ndi chidwi. Monga mmene taonera, pambuyo bwino filimu woyamba ndi mkulu wachinyamatayo sanafune kupumula pa n'kukhutira, ndipo akuyembekezera latsopano stylistic anapeza, njira yoyambirira ya mawu.

Kenaka mufufuze kalembedwe yotsatira mafilimu bajeti atatu. Ndipo potsiriza, mu 1981, udachita iye kulenga kufufuza zotsatira. Panali bwino bwino: kanema "Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo", analengedwa ndi zimene zinalembedwa ndi mkulu yekha sewero, napita naye kuzindikira mu dziko la mafilimu a kanema. Polemba chinenero zojambula akatswiri oyenerera ndi osokoneza, akuitana zachiwawa osakaniza ofufuza, mantha, yopeka, mantha mantha (sewero adalemba pa chilengedwe mwachisawawa a mtundu watsopano wa anthu chifukwa cha kuyesera mankhwala).

Poganizira, tikuimira filmography kwathunthu kwa wotsogolera. Pa tikambirana zina.

Mafilimu 80s. Wodziwika bwino filimu "The Zone Akufa"

Director David Kronenbergstal anaonekela ntchito zake pa woomba mu nkhani zimenezi apakhungu. P kwenikweni anayamba kulamulira moyo anthu. Oonera moona kuyembekezera ntchito yatsopano mwa Canada kulenga za mofanana tsopano Russian kuwerenga anthu adzakhala ndi buku lina Victor Pelevin. Ndipo wolemba sanamugwiritse Iye mwala iwo. mafilimu lotsatira, "Videodrome", kudabwa kuya kwa masomphenya mkulu wa mavuto, kubweretsa kampani TV malonda ndipo atolankhani. Kuwulura nkhawa akuya ankaona cholembedwa mfiti. Film wotsutsa, nakantha pamlingo wotere wa moyang'ana m'tsogolo anatha lomwa kompyuta.

Ndipo mu "zone akufa" chaka chamawa, Cronenberg filimu zochokera buku ndi Stephen King, kupindulira mphatso awiri mayiko pa mapwando. Otsutsa amalitchula kinorabotu bwino mantha filimu mu 1984. Masulirani mwachidule nkhani ya ntchito ameneyu. mphunzitsi kusukulu ya pulayimale Dzhonni Smit, yokhazikika ya Maine, afika mu ngozi yoopsa kwambiri galimoto. Iye ali chikomokere kwa zaka zisanu. Pomaliza, zitamubwerera, Smith ndikupeza mphatso yake: tsogolo la anthu ena kuti iye ankaona bwino ndiponso yomveka.

Namwino, kusamalira, Johnny anatchulapo ngozi wachivundi amene agonjetsa mwana wake. Chikadzangotha kunyumba mayi amalowerera kupulumutsa mwana ku moto.

Smith maganizo osakonzekera asinthe. The kupezeka akuwakayikira dokotala kukulitsa matenda okhudza ubongo, iye amafufuza wodwala, Amachichitira dzanja lake ... ndipo adawona kale. Iye amaona nkhondo, mtsikana anapatsa mwana evacuates anthu galimoto kuti achoke. Doctor anadabwa izo - amake, ndipo iye wamoyo (mpaka ndiye ankaona atafa)!

Johnny sadziwa kuti moyo ndi mphatso yake. Kwa iye bwenzi lake, akadali mu chikondi naye. Komabe, zotsatirazi cinamucitikila mbiri apeza omaliza a muyezo wake wosakhazikika maganizo. Apolisi ntchito monga zamatsenga mu kufufuza umbanda siriyo atsikana. Mwadzidzidzi, pakati pa kuyesera investigative, kazembe masamba. Dzhonni Smitu Zikuoneka kuti munthu amene watumikira, ndipo ndi Shefifi amapita kunyumba. Alendo ochokera pakhomo la nyumba ya moto mayi wothandizira, koma angamachite, ndiponso mmene Shefifi kuwombera ndi zolondola. Kuthyola nyumba, pamodzi ndi Shefifi ndi, Johnny amaona yekha protknuvshego lumo mwana wake - wamisala, kulenga ndigwira kupha zoopsa.

Iye kumva zimene wakhala chida tsoka ... Smith amakhala recluse, kukakhala kanyumba. Koma ulemerero anthu sapereka iye mpumulo, anthu tipite kwa iye malangizo. The amakangana amalephera kupewa tsoka lina, mwamuna, anasintha maganizo ake amapulumutsa mwana wake, amene anagwa mu ayezi.

Kum'patsa kwenikweni osokoneza ndipo amachotsa "zone akufa." Mufilimuyi, analengedwa chifukwa cha ntchito olowa ndi Stephen King ndi David Cronenberg, chasanduka ndi chidwi ndi zodabwitsa.

Koma itha chisoni. Sarah, chikondi changa, Johnny, anakhala mongodzipereka ntchito chisankho cha phungu mtsogoleri US. Amene anabwera ku msonkhano ndi adzaponye chisanko mu phungu Stillson akulonjera anthu ndi dzanja, pamene kukhudza, ndi protagonist filimuyo. Iye amaona tsogolo lake: anakhala pulezidenti, phungu adzasiya World nkhondo III.

John amadziwa kuti ntchito yake tsopano padziko lonse - kuti ndipulumutse dziko lapansi. Koma izi zikuyenera kukupha Stillson. E. Iye, mphunzitsi wa ana, m'pofunika kuswa lamulo la Mulungu ( "usaphe!") Amakangana likufa mavuto wauzimu, koma anaganiza kuchita zimenezo. Makamaka popeza amadziwa kuti koma- mukapambana. Koma asaone tsatanetsatane ...

Komabe, mpirawo anali satsata. Pamene John anatulutsa mfuti, ukhadabisa iye kuseri mwana Sara Stilson. N'zotheka kutenga zithunzi za mtolankhani, ndi lofalitsidwa chithunzi cha obatizidwayo wawononga ntchito, ndiye akukankha kuti kudzipha.

Mphunzitsi patsogolo za chitetezo cha phungu. Amatsegula moto pa iye ndi n'kufa. John anamwalira asanalembe kufotokoza zimene zinachitikazo lapamtima.

Kukwera mu kutchuka, kukula bajeti filimuyo

Zinali kupambana! Weruzani nokha: ndi bajeti ya "mabacteria akufa" mu $ 10 miliyoni bokosi ndalama ofesi mu US yekha nkhani zoposa 20 miliyoni! Dziko wowerenga, monga amadziwika, analipira ndalama zokwana madola 20 miliyoni.. Mufilimuyi dzina lake monga gulu yabwino oopsa kwa chaka, ali mphoto kwa kinokonkursov lonse.

Pambuyo filmstrip izi wotsogolera wina akanati anapuma pa n'kukhutira. Komabe, silingaimitsidwe mu ntchito yake Devid Kronenberg. Mafilimu iye - ndi moyo wake. Ndalama chifukwa amaona osati monga gwero la patsogolo, koma monga njira ndalama kulenga mafilimu atsopano. Miyezo ya anthu wamba, iye - ". The Ntchentche" monga limakonda ... kupanga ndalama ku "Methven zone" wotsogolera wotentheka pansi "amayaka" kupanga za blockbuster latsopano O, kanema Zikuoneka kuti timayang'ana pa dziko ... Mukuganiza (by fanizo Mwachangu filimu yapita), kuti ndalama ku "Ntchentche" wapanga madola 40 miliyoni? A 60 sindikufuna?

90s. Kuvomerezeka ndi mphoto

Pambuyo "Ntchentche" dzina David Cronenberg Anasanduka mtundu mu dziko. M'zaka khumi zapitazo zaka mazana makumi awiri, ndi kudzikonda anaphunzitsa filmmaker analowa akuzindikiridwa ndi wolemekezeka. Iye anatha zonse! Iye anayamba experimenting ku Mitundu ndi bwinobwino. Uilyam Berrouz kutamanda filimu anatengera dystopian wake "Wamaliseche Chakudya". Mu 1990, mbuye anayesera anatengera wake wa kusewera ndi G. Hwang. Iye anali wokhoza kuchotsa mlingo filimu "Madame Gulugufe" katswiri losadziwika. Ndithudi, iye amachita, ndipo mumakonda mafilimu mantha. Mufilimuyi "Alengeza," kuchokera pa ntchito ndi James Ballard, akubweretsa mphoto wotsogolera pa Cannes.
Mu 1999, chiwerengero 1 wotsogolera David Cronenberg wakhala anazindikira dziko. Filmography Maitre kudzadza mpatuko filimu "eXistenZ". wolemba anakwanitsa kusonyeza ndondomeko ya momwe munthu akuganiza kugwa mu msampha wa kompyuta pafupifupi chenicheni ndipo akuyamba m'malo mwa izo dziko lenileni.

Anapatsidwa kumutu loweruza wa Cannes Film Chikondwerero. Ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zankhanza zosangalatsa kwa mbiri yonse ya mpikisano, kumenya ambuye ndi kuwapatsa mphoto kwa oyamba. Pajatu, kwa Cronenberg, anayamba ulendo wake ndi mtengo wa mafilimu, pali muyezo umodzi wokha wa zilandiridwenso: luso mu mawonekedwe ake kopambana. Kotero kuti "ng'ombe zopatulika za mafilimu a kanema" chochita koma kuti nkhope bwino pa masewera zoipa.

Mafilimu kwa zaka za m'ma watsopano kuchokera Cronenberg

Mu 2002, Komiti minimalist yonthunthumilitsa "Kangaude" anatsegulira lonse mpikisano pogramma Cannes Film Chikondwerero. Mfiti amve Dostoevsky analumphira amaonetsa mu kuya kwa psyche anthu. Chokwiya ndi akuchita misala Dennis Clegg lonse ku kumvera Oedipus zovuta. Mufilimuyi amapereka kuganiza za kumapeputsa kusakhulupirirka moyo mkhalidwe wa protagonist lapansi.

Inscrutable ndi njira za zilandiridwenso. Upandu sewero "A History Chiwawa" (2005), zochokera buku D. Wagner anali asankha kuti "Oscar". mafilimu wotsatira anauzidwa ndi ndalama, koma mu 2014 filimu-zophiphiritsa "nyenyezi mapu" anali kupereka pa "Oscar". Zikusonyeza ambuye kulenga ya M'zaka zaposachedwapa, iye pang'onopang'ono unachoka mutu wa masinthidwe jini poganizira za nzika za pansi nthanthi wachiwiri.

Mkulu luso ndi adadziwa zolembalemba. Iwo satopa kudabwa osiyanasiyana mphatso kulenga ya Davide Cronenberg. "Kudya" - chiyambi chabe cha buku lake, koma kuganiza akanali cholembera tingachipeze powerenga pamene kuwerenga. Owerenga aona chinenero limodzi lokha Canada filimu amalankhula wangwiro. analanda wake buku nasunga owerenga mu suspense kuchokera koyamba mpaka tsamba lomaliza.

m'malo mapeto

Kodi chidwi kwa anthu wamba imatsogoleredwa Devid Kronenberg? Ndipotu kudzikonda - anaphunzitsa. Kodi wosakonzekera omaliza mayunivesite zolembalemba kupanga mafilimu. ngati kupewedwa? Ambiri mwina, palibe. Chinawathandiza. Ndi chifukwa palibe wina anauza Davide, kodi ndi zimene kuwombera, anali kuyenda mu ntchito za njira zawo wapadera.

An fanizo A. S. Pushkinym, amene anali sakondedwa mwana m'banja, kotero kuti zaka 9 anatsala yekha (nthawi yomweyo m'bale wake "mokhomerera" bambo, mlongo - mayi). Izo zinali zokwanira kuyala maziko a namatetule ...