Determinism Hrs

Mawu akuti "Determinism" ndi lochokera Latin: "determinatio" amatanthauza "ndi zowongolera", "kudziwa". Ntchito mawu, monga ulamuliro, ndi mphamvu ndi mtima umodzi anayamba kufotokoza ena. Mwachitsanzo, axioms kuti alipo mchiphunzitso zomveka, kudziwa linanena bungwe la Lingaliro Lovomerezeka ndi. Kapena Mwachitsanzo, amatha kudziwa chifukwa kufufuza akutuluka iwo. Kuyambira mfundo imeneyi pali ubale wolimba wa zowongolera ndi zosiyanasiyana justifications. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Determinism: yovuta, Mwina, okhazikika ndi ena.

anzeru ambiri mu maonekedwe ena ndi ena kunayambitsa funso za chikoka cha zinthu zachilengedwe pa moyo mmadera. Pankhaniyi, Determinism nthanthi yapangidwa kusintha kwa lingaliro chikhalidwe ndi nthanthi za kufanana kwa chilengedwe ndi anthu m'njira lonse kuphunzira zotsatira za zinthu zenizeni zachilengedwe (zimachititsa chilumbachi zinthu zachilengedwe, nyengo ndi zinthu zina) pa zochitika zina ndi njira anthu (loukitsa ndale, ntchito mphamvu, kuchuluka kwa anthu, etc.).

Kuganizira pa mtengo wa zinthu zachilengedwe, anzeru anabwera kwa mbali ziwiri zomveka. Mmodzi wa iwo - mwamwambo Hrs Determinism. Malinga ndi iye, zochita zonse za anthu amayamba okha ndi malo awo achilengedwe. The kwambiri chachiwiri - chikhalidwe mwamtheradi Determinism. Mu nkhani iyi, anali atatsimikiziridwa kuti kuzindikira za chilengedwe monga, komanso kufunika kwake kwa anthu anatsimikiza potsatira chikhalidwe. Choncho, malongosoledwe a zochita za anthu akhale maphunziro chikhalidwe yekha. Komabe, izi sizinali n'komwe chakuti mwayi chikhalidwe amadalira zinthu zachilengedwe.

Determinism Geographical Anthu ambiri anazindikira kuyambira chiyambi cha theka lachiwiri la zana la 19. Zinachitika chiphunzitso chiphunzitso cha Darwin kusankha zamoyo. Determinism Geographical mu nyengo imeneyo bwino ndithu wolungama ku mawonedwe a sayansi achilengedwe. Mmodzi mwa ubwino ndi chiphunzitso cha chitukuko nthawi imeneyi anali tcheru kuti zachilengedwe anthu ndi kufalitsa anthu a m'dera lanu. Mu izi, ena olemba kuona zoyambira za sayansi yamakono - zachilengedwe chikhalidwe.

Determinism Geographical anali akufalitsa ndi atchukitsa mwa chiphunzitso Mechnikov. Russian woganiza mu kulongosola mfundo zofunika lingaliro lake historiosophical anapempha kwenikweni Kupenda funso ufulu wa anthu, monga izo zinali iye amene maganizo ake, ndiyo chikhalidwe cha chitukuko anthu.

Ambiri a malingaliro zowonetseredwa ndi Mechnikov, mu nyimbo ndi maganizo a Marx. Yotsirizira ankaona kuti likulu wakhala kunyumba ndi kotentha, osati otentha lamba ndi kupatukana zachilengedwe ntchito zochokera zosiyanasiyana za nthaka ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, osati chonde mtheradi wa dziko. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Marx ankakhulupirira kuti zinthu zachilengedwe amangowapatsa mwayi, pali amaperekedwa ndi chuma chambiri, osati kulenga izo okha okha. Choncho, malinga ndi mfundo Marx ya zinthu zachilengedwe n'zogwirizana ndi mafakitale, ndi mmene zinthu izi pa ntchito ya anthu anawona mwa prism za ndondomeko kupanga.

Kubwerera ku chiphunzitso cha Mechnikov historiosophical, tisaiwale kuti woganiza imatengedwa mtsinje waukulu chinthu chachikulu zikamera wa deterministic kwambiri ndiponso chitukuko cha chitukuko. Woganiza analemba kuti zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana anali kusiyana amphamvu chifukwa kudzipatula Chrixitu.

Kudzera kusanthula poyerekeza wa chikhalidwe cha East wakale ndi West, Mechnikov anapeza kuti West chikulira m'zonse East. Malinga ndi woganiza, chifukwa cha ubwino Hrs madera kumadzulo.