Dybenko Paulo Efimovich: yonena ndi chithunzi

Wotchuka chosintha Dybenko Paulo Efimovich anabadwa pa February 28, 1889 m'mudzi waung'ono wa Chernihiv Lyudkovo. Makolo ake anali anthu wamba wamba chapakati Russia. Social ndalama mkhalidwe wa banja wasiya chizindikiro chake pa mnyamata moyo njira. maphunziro a kupulayimale analandira ali kusukulu ya m'mudzi. Pambuyo zaka zitatu mu sukulu. kuwonjezera maphunziro mwana wamba anali si angagulidwe.

Dybenko Paulo Efimovich ntchito inayambika zaka 17. The Chilituyaniya Novoaleksandrovsk analowa chuma m'deralo. Komabe, kwa nthawi yaitali mnyamata sanakhaleko. Iye maganizo chifukwa cha zilakolako kunachitika. Mu 1907, mnyamata anasankha fateful ndi kulumikiza Bolshevik bwalo (mu chipani yokhala ndi woyamba 1912). Pa madzulo itatha yoyamba Russian utasintha, koma mabungwe mobisa anapitiriza ntchito yawo.

Service mu Navy

Mu 1908 Dybenko Paulo Efimovich ankakhala Riga. Mu 1911 anayamba kutumikira mu Baltic zombo. Kufunika kupereka ntchito msilikali osati chosangalatsa Dybenko - anayesa kubisa, koma deviationist anagwidwa ndi mokakamiza anatumiza kusiteshoni ya usilikali. Choncho achinyamata Bolshevik, anakhala yapamadzi. M'malo mwa moyo ake anali chilumba cha Kotlin, kumene mudzi wa Kronstadt.

Dybenko anali mu oyeretsa la zombo zingapo, makamaka maphunziro ngalawa "Dvina" ndi nkhondo "Mfumu Paulo Ine». Yapamadzi kugwira ntchito ya zamagetsi, ndipo kenako analimbikitsa kuti alonda sanali analamula. Mu 1913 iye anali nawo msonkhano kunja, anapita England, France ndi Norway.

The World loyamba

Mu 1914 nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse. Dybenko Paulo Efimovich kukhala mu squadron osiyanasiyana, ndi nawo sorties angapo kunkhondo ku Nyanja Baltic. zaka zingapo utumiki osati khungu makani ake chosintha. M'malo mwake, monga bunker anamuwombera iye anali wofunika kwambiri agitator kwa Bolshevik Party. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Dybenko anali anaziika chinsinsi cha apolisi. Iye anali "pangozi" Pa chifukwa chimenechi, zalembedwa kuchokera m`chombo, pamene Baltic zombo kwa nthawi ya nkhondo anapulumuka chiwembu cha amalinyero pa nkhondo "Hanko".

Bwino chosintha Riga anali pamalo amene anatumidwa Dybenko Paulo Efimovich. Wambiri ya usilikali ndipo ukanakhalabe kugwirizana yekha ndi zombo, koma tsopano iye anali kupeza ntchito pa kutsogolo dziko. Patatha miyezi itatu ya utumiki, iye anali m'ndende chifukwa Helsingfors defeatist mabodza. Poti anali sakhalitsa. Dybenko posachedwa anabwerera zombo monga Bataller. Ngakhale misadventures awo m'mbuyomo Bolshevik anapitiriza ntchito zake chosintha.

Pakati pa February ndi October

Mu 1917, Pavel Dybenko anali mu pakatikati pa zinthu. Pambuyo kuoneka Provisional boma, analowa Board Helsingfors, kumene iye anali wachiwiri kwa zombo za. Monga Bolshevik odzipereka, iye anali wolemekezeka ndi maganizo kwambiri kwakukulu. Zimenezi zinachititsa Pavel Dybenko kwambiri propaganda pantchito Baltic zombo pa odana ndi boma zionetsero chipani chake mu July 1917. Kuti dzinja, ochuluka a Bolsheviks anagwidwa ndi Lenin anathawa + n'kukabisala litulukira lapansi.

Anaikidwa m'ndende Dybenko Paulo Efimovich. Mwachidule yonena za zochititsa chosintha zonse kumangidwa ndiponso kutsekeredwa m'ndende. nthawi iyi iye anali mu mtanda, kumene nthawi yomweyo, Trotsky anakhalabe. Mu September oyambirira, mwa zina Bolshevik Dybenko linatulutsidwa. Boma wogwirizira waganiza kuti chipani wataya kukopa kwake okanidwa ndi mosatsata wa anthu ambiri. Zimenezi zinatsimikizira kuti kulakwitsa koopsya.

Kufalitsa Assembly Constituent

Namasiku, olimbikitsa Lenin anagwira mphamvu Petrograd Dybenko anatsogolera mozembetsa chosintha okonda oyendetsa ku Kronstadt kuti likulu. Zoyenereza za Bolshevik kutsogolo kwa boma latsopano Soviet anali kwambiri. Pambuyo pa October kuukira boma, iye nthawi yomweyo mu Bungwe la Commissars Anthu kumene anakhala Commissar cha anthu kwa Affairs Naval.

Baltic zombo komanso mmene zambiri anapanga zokhumba Dybenko Paulo Efimovich. Tsiku la kubadwa kwa boma latsopano pafupifupi chinachitikira pamodzi convening wa Assembly Constituent. Dybenko anasankhidwa kukhala wachiwiri wake monga nthumwi ali ku Baltic zombo. Pa tsiku la convocation wa Assembly Constituent anatsogolera Bolshevik gulu lalikulu la oyendetsa Ndipotu kumwazikana thupi demokalase osankhidwa.

Kachiwiri ndi a ku Germany

Anabwera mphamvu, Bolsheviks akuikidwa mu malo aakulu kwambiri. Pa dzanja limodzi, ndi kupeza mphamvu yotumiza White, ndi pa zina, mpaka kusaina mtendere Brest kupitiriza nkhondo ku Germany. Kumayambiriro 1918, iwo anapitiriza amanyansidwa awo Baltic States. Kudutsa njira ya Aisiraeli anatumizidwa amalinyero, amene ankapita ndi Dybenko Paulo Efimovich. Personal moyo chosintha madzulo zinali zodzaza ndi nthawi asangalale: anakwatira soratnitse Alexandra Kollontai, amene anakhala wotchuka m'tsogolo monga lodziwa.

Komabe, zokhudza banja palibe nthawi kumanzere. Dybenko detachment linakumana ndi Germany pa Narva. Oyendetsa wochepa ndi mdani malinga ndi zizindikiro zonse, mzinda lamanzere. Posachedwa unit anali disarmed ndi wake. Pakuti sanaonetse Dibenko achotsedwa chipani (kubwezeretsedwa mu 1922). Mukuuzidwa chosintha mwayi - izo sizinali anawomberedwa, koma adatumidwa kukachita ntchito mobisa ku Odessa (anakhudzidwa ndi zikayenda zakale).

Mu Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni

M'dzinja 1918 Pavel Dybenko anagunda Chiyukireniya Soviet asilikali. Iye anatsogolera gulu olimbanawo, zimene zinaphatikizapo mbali Nestora Mahno. Bwino chofunika kwambiri mapangidwe wakhala nawo adani a Crimea. Dybenko Division loyamba anayamba kulamulira kiyi Perekop Korinto. Komabe, patsogolo wakhala variable. Posakhalitsa, kumbali ya Bolsheviks anayenera abwerere.

Kumanzere ndi Dybenko Paulo Efimovich. Photo Commander chinali reappear m'manyuzipepala Soviet - anabwerera Moscow ndipo anakhala mmodzi wa ophunzira oyambirira a kumene anatsegula Academy ya General ndodo ya Red Army. The vuto kutsogolo anali wosakhazikika, ndi osiya Dybenko anatumanso kutsogolo. Kumapeto kwa 1919, nawo kumasulidwa kwa Tsaritsyn, kumene Stalin anali kudziŵika ndi adzasonkhanitsa tsogolo Budyonny ndi Yegorov.

Ogwetsana ndi kumbuyo

Latsopano 1920 St Dybenko anakumana nawo m'njira. Division wake ankazunza kuthawa Denikin. Ndi kasupe wa mkulu anafika Caucasus. Pamenepo Paulo E. anabwerera ku Crimea, kumene pa miyendo yake yotsiriza anakaniza zotsala za zoyera molamulidwa ndi Wrangel. Mu September 1920, Civil nkhondo anabwerera ku lamanzere atatsala pang'ono Academy.

Patapita miyezi yochepa, pa nthawi ya msonkhano wotsatira wa chipanichi, kunabuka wotchuka chiwembu cha Kronstadt oyendetsa. Dybenko ankadziwa chimadalira izi. N'zosadabwitsa kuti anali chipani chake anatumiza kupondereza kupanduka mavuto osakhutira ndi zinthu zimene sangazikwanitse oyenda panyanja. Ndiye Dybenko anabwera pansi pa lamulo la Tukhachevsky. Mu April 1921, awiri warlord pamodzi - nthawi imeneyi anapondereza wamba kugalukira m'chigawo Tambov Antonovites.

Patapita zaka

Nditabwerera ku wamba moyo Dybenko Paulo Efimovich ndi Kollontai anayamba maudindo osiyanasiyana kasamalidwe. Mwamuna - asilikali, mkazi wake - paphwandopo ndi utumiki zamtendere. Mu 20s ndipo 30s. Dybenko anatsogolera asilikali ambiri ankhondo pa Red Army.

Old Bolshevik tsoka anali pa chala choyamba. Pamene Stalin anapezerapo purges mu Red Army, Dybenko poyamba anali ngati executor odalirika mantha. Iye anazunzidwa Zipatalazo mu Leningrad usilikali District, kumene adali mkulu. The apogee utumiki Dybenko anali nawo wake mlandu wa kulamulira Tukhachevsky m'chilimwe cha 1937. Ndipo basi miyezi yochepa nkhani imeneyi iye anachotsedwa posts ake onse. Panali tikusintha ogwira. Chifukwa, Dybenko anali kugwira ntchito Commissariat of makampani nkhalango anali mtsogoleri wa kukolola mitengo Gulag wa. Mu February 1938 anagwidwa.

Pavel Dybenko, nthawi kuti mwambo, mlandu kazitape kwa nzeru ena ndi ngakhale kugwirizana ndi Tukhachevsky, amene anathandiza kubzala. Wotchuka mkulu wa Civil nkhondo anawomberedwa July 29, 1938. Iye anapulumutsa ndi kumukonzanso pambuyo XX Party Congress mu 1956.