Dzira-atagona nyama: malongosoledwe, makhalidwe, kuswana ndi mitundu

Aliyense akudziwa ku maphunziro a nyama ndi. Ndipo kodi inu mumadziwa kuti dzira-atagona nyama - ndi mtundu osiyana nyama, amene amakhala yekha ku dera la Africa limodzi - Australia? Tiyeni tione mtundu wapadera wa mfundo nyama.

Inayambira oviparous

Kwa nthawi yaitali kuli wapadera mu mtundu wake wa nyama kawetedwe, mazira vysizhivaya, sankadziwika. Uthenga woyamba za zolengedwa izi anadza ku Ulaya m'zaka XVII. Pa nthawi iyi mu Australia anabweretsa khungu zodabwitsa cholengedwa ndi mulomo ndi, yokutidwa ndi tsitsi. Zinali bakha-billed platypus. Zaspirtovannye Mwachitsanzo anabweretsa patapita zaka 100. chakuti platypus ali pafupifupi sadzalekerera ukapolo. Amakhala ovuta kwambiri polenga zinthu zoyendera. Choncho, kuwunika iwo anali kokha mu malo awo achilengedwe.

Potsatira anapeza platypus analandira uthenga wa koma cholengedwa china ndi mulomo, koma tsopano ali ndi singano. mphiri ili. Asayansi yaitali akhapokanyisana pyakuti zomwe kalasi m'kagulu zilombo ziwiri. Ndapeza kuti platypus ndi echidna, dzira-atagona nyama, ayenera anasamukira ku gulu osiyana. Choncho panali detachment wa monotremes, kapena cloacal.

platypus chodabwitsa

Wapadera wa mtundu wake kukhala usiku. Kugawira platypus okha Australia ndi Tasmania. Chinyama amakhala theka madzi, i.e. zokolola mabowo chimamangirira m'madzi ndi dziko, mu madzi komanso chakudya chokwanira. Pali pang'ono - kwa masentimita 40. Iwo ali, monga tanenera kale, bakha mphuno, koma ndi yofewa wokutidwa ndi chikopa. Only mu maonekedwe ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi bakha. Palinso 15 inchi mchira, ngati Beaver mchira. Yoteroyo ndi webbing, koma iwo saletsa ndi platypus kuyenda pansi ndi kukumba dzenje mwangwiro.

Popeza dongosolo genitourinary ndi m'matumbo kunja nyama mu dzenje limodzi, kapena cloaca, izo zimachitika malingaliro limodzi - cloacal. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti platypus amasambira, mosiyana ndi nyama wamba, pogwiritsa ntchito mapazi kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kutumikira monga chilimbikitso ndi. Kuwonjezera pa china chilichonse, tiyeni tatembenukira mmene imabereka.

kubalana platypus

Chidwi mfundo: pamaso kuswana nyama kugwera mu 10-day hibernation, ndi pamenepo pokha ayamba nyengo mating. Chimakhala pafupifupi autumn, kuchokera August kwa November. Platypus mwamuna kapena mkazi mu madzi, ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri sabata, akazi kutchera avareji mazira awiri. Amuna samenya nawo pambuyo moyo mbewu.

The wamkazi amanga dzenje wapadera (mamita 15) kuti zitsulo kumapeto kwa mandawa. M'mphepete masamba zosaphika ndi zimayambira kukhalabe chinyezi ena, kotero kuti mazira ayi youma. N'zochititsa chidwi chitetezo izo kumachititsanso chotchinga makulidwe 15 masentimita.

Pokhapokha ntchito kukonzekera iye niikira mu chisa. Platypus dzira hatches, atazipiringiza owazungulira. Patapita masiku 10, ana timabadwa, amaliseche ndi akhungu, monga nyama zonse. The chakudya wamkazi mwana mkaka, moyenda pansi kuchokera kumanja pa ubweya mu poyambira ndipo iwo kudziunjikira. Kids kunyambita mkaka chotero kudyetsa. Kudyetsa akupitiriza pafupifupi 4 months, kenako ana kuphunzira chakudya paokha. Kuti anagwetsa kuswana mtundu wa dzina "dzira-atagona nyama."

zachilendo mamba

Mamba - yemweyo dzira-atagona nyama. pamtunda uyu pokhala kukula yaing'ono, kufika mpaka masentimita 40. Iwo umakhala komanso mu Australia, Tasmania ndi zilumba za ku New Guinea. Ndi mtundu wa nyama zimenezi ngati hedgehog, koma ndi yaitali yopapatiza mulomo kuti si upambana 7.5 cm. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mamba alibe mano, ndipo limagwira nyama yaitali yomata lilime.

njoka thupi aphimbidwa pa nsana ndi mbali ya spines, amene anapangidwa kuchokera ubweya akhakula. Ubweya chimakwirira pamimba, mutu ndi miyendo ya nyama. Echidna kwathunthu ndinazolowera inayake chakudya. Iye regales chiswe, nyerere ndi tizilombo yaing'ono. Zimadzetsa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, koma amavutika. Mfundo ndi kuti ali wochepa thupi kutentha kwa madigiri 32, ndipo salola kukwaniritsa kutsitsa kapena kuukitsa yozungulira kutentha. Pankhaniyi, ndi mamba amakhala aulesi ndi wakhazikika pansi pa mitengo kapena zimabisala.

Njira kubalana njoka

Echidna - dzira-kuika nyama, koma kutsimikizira izo zinali chabe kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XXI. Chidwi chibwenzi echidnas. Per nkhani wamkazi amuna 10. Pamene amazindikira kuti ali okonzeka kupita naye, amagona pa nsana wake. Amuna ndi izi kukumba ngalande kuzungulira ilo ndi kuyamba nkhondo Championship lapansi. Kugonana ndi akazi amene anali wolimba.

Gestation kumatenga masiku 28 ikutha ndi maonekedwe a dzira, umene umayenda mu wamkazi ana khola. Ilo likadali si bwino mmene dzira wamkazi amasuntha mu thumba, koma patatha masiku 10 mwanayo akubwera. Hatchling amabwera mu dziko si athanzi.

mwana

Kubadwa kwa mwana ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi kubadwa kwa marsupials wamng'ono. Iwo alinso chitukuko komaliza thumba mayi ndi kusiya monga akulu, kukonzekera amoyo paokha. Chidwi mfundo: marsupial nyama komanso ali ofala Australia yekha.

Nanga pali mwana echidna? Iye ndi wakhungu, ndi wausiwa, hindquarters ake sali akupangidwa maso otsekedwa leathery film, ndi kokha pa yoteroyo kutsogolo zooneka zala. Kuti tifike mkaka, mwana chofunika kwa maola 4. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pali 100-150 chifukwa kumasulidwa kupyolera tsitsi wapadera mkaka mu thumba mu mayi. Baby ukungosowa kuzikwaniritsa.

Mwanayo ali mu thumba la mayi pafupifupi 2 miyezi. Mwamsanga atapeza kulemera chifukwa mkaka thanzi. Mkaka ndi mamba yekha, amene ali mtundu pinki chifukwa wambirimbiri chitsulo icho. Kudyetsa akupitiriza miyezi 6.5. Pambuyo mwanayo kuphunzira chakudya chawo.

mitundu ya Nyama Zodya Chiswe spiny

Zosiyanasiyana Nyama Zodya Chiswe spiny - wina nyama dzira-atagona. nyama ndi lalikulu kwambiri kuposa anzawo. Habitat ndi kumpoto kwa chilumba cha New Guinea ndi Indonesia. Makulidwe mu mitundu ya Nyama Zodya Chiswe spiny kumukakamiza kuti masentimita 80 pamene ake kulemera ndi kwa makilogalamu 10. Mu maonekedwe izo zikuwoneka ngati mamba, koma mulomo ndi yaitali ndi masingano zocheperapo. Iye akukhala m'dera lamapiri ndiponso kudyetsa makamaka mphutsi. N'zochititsa chidwi kapangidwe ka mitundu m'kamwa wa Nyama Zodya Chiswe spiny: lilime lake lili mano ndi ntchito, iye ndi wokhoza kutafuna chakudya, koma monga taonera, ngakhale sandutsa miyala.

mtundu uwu kwambiri bwino kuliphunzira, chifukwa amakhala ku mapiri. Koma anazindikira kuti nyama sasiya kuyenda mu nyengo iliyonse, musati zimabisala ndipo amatha zonse thupi kutentha zawo. Kubalana nyama dzira-atagona, monga zosiyanasiyana Nyama Zodya Chiswe spiny, ndi chimodzimodzi kuti a mitundu ina iwiri. Pamafunika dzira limodzi lokha kuti aikidwa mu thumba pa mimba yake, ndipo chakudya mkaka mwana.

makhalidwe poyerekeza

Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mitundu ya nyama moyo pa dziko la Australia. Choncho, kodi pali kusiyana oviparous, marsupials ndi placental nyama? Kuyamba, Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti nyama zonse kudyetsa ana awo mkaka. Koma maonekedwe a ana kuunika kusiyana yaikulu.

nyama Oviparous ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana. Iwo kuikira mazira ngati mbalame ndi zimaswa nthawi anthuwo. Pambuyo kuoneka ana ndi amayi limapanga mkaka kuti ana kudya. Tikumbukenso kuti achinyamata sindikufuna akuyamwitsa mkaka, ndi kunyambita ndi grooves mu wamkazi pa mimba yake. Pakalibe nipple ndi siyanitsa ndi zina nyama dzira-atagona.

Nyama Marsupial ndi ana thumba, choncho dzina lawo. Thumba ili pa mimba ya akazi. Wakhanda, tifike kwa ilo, anapeza nipple ndi monga chagona pa izo. Mfundo ndi kuti ana amabadwa unformed ndi ikuchitika thumba la mayi kwa miyezi ingapo kumaliza chitukuko. Izo ziyenera kuti dzira-kuika nyama ndi marsupials chikutanthauza ofanana. Kids echidnas komanso mitundu ya Nyama Zodya Chiswe spiny amabadwa underdeveloped ndipo anaikidwa ngati khola kufungatira.

Ndipo kodi tinganene nyama placental? ana awo athanzi chifukwa kukhalapo kwa latuluka mu chiberekero. Kumachitika chifukwa chakudya ndi mwana citukuko. Mtokoma wa nyama ndi wa placental lapansi.

Apa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana padziko Africa chomwecho.