Falsification ya mbiri: zitsanzo. Kutsutsa falsification wa mbiri

Pali zifukwa kukhulupirira kuti falsification wa mbiri anayamba nthawi ya chitukuko oyambirira. Mwamsanga pamene anthu anayamba njira ina kusunga nkhani zakale, pomwepo iwo amene akutsutsana molakwika iwo. Pali zifukwa zosiyana, koma kwenikweni ndi chokhumba zitsanzo za zaka zapitazi kutsimikizira choonadi cha m'nthawi yake analipo pa nthawi ya ziphunzitso maganizo ndi achipembedzo.

njira zofunika falsification mbiri

Falsification wa mbiri - ndi chisokonezo chomwecho koma pamlingo waukulu, chifukwa anthu amene kawirikawiri mibadwo ya anthu ndi kuwononga Mundinyamule ali popeza nthawi yaitali. Mu achinyengo mbiri, ngati akuba ena akatswiri wolemera nkhokwe ya luso. Kupereka tsatanetsatane wa nkhambakamwa zawo, akuti anatengedwa kuchokera zikalata zenizeni m'moyo, kawirikawiri kapena sasonyeza gwero la, kapena oloza ku anausankha iwo. Kawirikawiri umboni oipa forgeries lofalitsidwa kale.

Koma njira zimenezi wosazindikira lililonse kwa Amateurs. The ambuye woona, omwe anakhala nkhani falsification za mbiri ya luso, chinkhoswe mu chinyengo cha magwero chachikulu. Kuti iwo ali "atulukira zokopa m'mabwinja apeza", atulukira kale "losadziwika" ndi "unpublished" zipangizo amafotokoza, zolemba ndi Maulendo.

ntchito yawo, zomwe anapeza chinyezimiro chake mu Code Wachifwamba, ndithudi, zikuphatikizapo zinthu za zilandiridwenso. Kulangidwa kwa lzheistorikov awa motengera mfundo yakuti kuti poyera kufunika awo aakulu Kupenda sayansi, yomwe nthawi zambiri si wonyamulidwa, ndipo nthawi zina ananamizira.

Yabodza Ancient Egypt

N'zosavuta kutsimikizira yaitali bwanji mwambo zachokera falsification wa mbiri. Zitsanzo za akale imeneyi. Kodi umboni bwino nthawi yathu yatsikira kwa manda kulemba ku Iguputo. Iwo Farao zochita zambiri akuonetsedwa mu njira bwino pachabe.

Mwachitsanzo, wolemba wakale ananenetsa kuti Ramses II, nawo Nkhondo ya ku Kadesi, panokha anawononga gulu lonse la adani, zimene zikutanthauza chigonjetso gulu lake lankhondo. Koma zoona zake n'zakuti, zina nyengo kusonyeza zotsatira wodzichepetsa chikwaniritsidwa mu tsiku kuti Aiguputo pa nkhondo ndi pa zoyenereza n'ngwokayikitsa wa Farao.

Falsification lachifumu lamulo

Wina zoonekeratu mbiri chinyengo, chimene chiri zoyenera kukumbukira, ndi otchedwa chopereka cha Constantine. Malinga "chikalata", Roma Mfumu Constantine, amene analamulira m'zaka IV ndi chikhristu ndi chipembedzo cha Boma, wasamutsira ufulu wa yakale mphamvu mutu wa mpingo. Ndipo pambuyo pake kuti chikukhudza ulimi wa zaka VIII-IX, kuti ndi kuyatsa chikalata anaonekera zaka zosachepera mazana anayi pambuyo pa imfa ya Constantine yekha. Iye ali kwa nthawi yaitali ndi maziko zonena papa ulamuliro.

Yonama zipangizo motsutsa boyars manyazi

Falsification mbiri ya Russia, anaphedwa pa zifukwa za ndale, ndi poyera ndi chikalata umodzi zokhudza nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Ivana Groznogo. Pa malamulo ake, anapangidwa wotchuka "Nkhope m'chipinda chotetezeka", womwenso ikulongosola za njira anatengedwa ndi boma ku kalekale kwa pakalipano zokha. Inatha izi Tome voluminous nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Ivan.

Mu buku lomaliza zikunenedwa kuti boyars, kukanirira mu mtima achifumu, ndi nkhanza zonse mlandu pa milandu ambiri. Popeza kupanduka pafupifupi mwayekha ankati zinachitika mu 1533, osanenapo kuposa aliyense mapepala a chi, pali zifukwa zokwanira kukhulupirira kuti ndi nthano.

Mbiri fakes nthawi Stalinism

The zikuluzikulu falsification wa mbiri Russian zinapitirizidwa wa Stalin nyengo. Pamodzi ndi kupwetekedwa pa anthu miyandamiyanda, kuphatikizapo atsogoleri chipani asilikali, komanso oimira sayansi ndi luso, ankachita pochotsa mayina awo mabuku, mabuku, a nazonse ndi mabuku ena. Likufanana ndi ichi, iye analemekeza udindo Stalin mu zochitika za 1917. Relentlessly anaika maganizo a misa waukulu wa nkhani yolembedwa udindo wake kutsogolera mu gulu la lonse chosintha kuyenda. Iwo analidi falsification wotchulidwa wasiya chizindikiro chake pa chitukuko dziko mu m'zaka zikubwerazi.

Chimodzi mwa zikalata waukulu anapanga anthu Soviet lingaliro zonama za mbiri ya USSR, anamukwiyira anamasulidwa, lolembedwa ndi Stalin "History wa CPSU (b)." Mwa nthano atchulidwa pano, musati voided lero, akuyima nkhani zonama kwathunthu za zigonjetso, "achinyamata Red Army," February 23, 1918 pa Pskov ndi Narva. Ngakhale umboni wosatsutsika wa kusadalirika ake, nthano ino ndi moyo lero.

nthano zina za mbiri ya CPSU (b)

Ndi "Inde" iwo dala lilibe mayina a zisudzo onse amene ulinso pa kuukira boma ndi Civil nkhondo. Zimene iwo anali zimachitika yekha "mtsogoleri wa anthu," kapena anthu kumuyandikira, komanso anthu amene anafa isanayambe repressions misa. Udindo woona wa anthu awa anali kawirikawiri amakhala aang'ono kwambiri.

Monga yekha chosintha mphamvu mabuku a chikalatachi n'ngwokayikitsa akuimira okha Bolshevik Party, kukana udindo wa nyumba zina za ndale za nthawi imeneyo. Onse kwambiri kapena zochepa wotchuka, si atsogoleri Bolshevik, iwo anawayesa oukira ndi atali-boma.

Ichi chinali falsification mwachindunji za mbiri. Zitsanzozi si mndandanda wa sizopeka dala mfundo. Zinthu zinafika mpaka ku kulilembanso mbiri Russian zaka otsiriza. Zinamugwira makamaka mu ulamuliro wa Peter Ine ndi Ivana Groznogo.

Mabodza - chida cha mfundo za Anazi

Falsification a mbiri ya dziko walowa ndi nkhokwe ya njira mabodza Nazi Germany. Pano, iye amamuonera lonse moona mabuku. Mmodzi wa theorists yake inali ideologist Alfred Rosenberg, ndi Nazi. M'buku lake "The Nthano ya XX m'ma" Iye ananena kuti mlandu kugonjetsedwa Germany mu nkhondo World Ine kwathunthu lagona pa kuperekedwa kwa Democrats Social, amene akuzunzidwa asilikali kubaya wawo wopambana kumbuyo.

Malinga ndi iye, ichi chokha kuwaletsa ali nkhokwe zokwanira adzaphwanya m'dani. Ndipotu, zipangizo zonse za zaka amasonyeza kuti mapeto a nkhondo, Germany kwathunthu wotopa umatha ndipo anali mwakayakaya. Inalowa kwa Entente States, zivute zitani wathedwa iye kulephera.

Mu ulamuliro wa falsification Hitler wa mbiri wafika mitundu chotheka. Mwachitsanzo, akulamula gulu la zaumulungu anayamba kumasulira Malemba kusintha maganizo wamba udindo wa Ayuda mbiri m'Baibulo. Izi, ine ndikhoza kunena, azamulungu anavomera chakuti iwo anadwala kwambiri amati Iisus Hristos sadali Myuda ndipo adadza ku Betelehemu kubulukira ku Caucasus.

mabodza onyoza za nkhondo

Ndi zoona chisoni kwambiri ndi falsification mbiri ya Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Mwatsoka, izo zinachitika mu nthawi imene mbiri ya dziko lathu kwathunthu olamulidwa ndi dipatimenti maganizo a pa CPSU Committee Central, ndi nthawi pambuyo chikominisi, anaika pa mapewa a anthu ndi ideologists awo kuwawa ufulu, luso logwiritsa ntchito zomwe anawonongedwa pa zaka za ulamuliro wankhanza.

Mu nkhani ya zenizeni watsopano zakale anali kanjedza anthu opotoka ufulu ndi kulekerera, makamaka pamene zinafika zolinga zenizeni yochepa. Imodzi mwa njira zikuluzikulu za kulima andale a zaka zimenezo zakhala kusesa ohaivanie kale kuti kukana kwathunthu kwa mbali positive. Ndi N'zosadabwitsa kuukira koopsa kanjedza latsopano nthawi anali pansi ngakhale anthu m'madera mbiri yathu kuti poyamba anali lopatulika. Ife makamaka akulankhula za chotero chodabwitsa manyazi ngati falsification mbiri ya nkhondo.

Zifukwa amachita mabodza

Ngati pa okhawo maganizo a mbiri CPSU anali molakwika ndi cholinga kukweza ntchito za phwando kugonjetsa mdani, ndipo kusonyeza mtima wa mamiliyoni ambiri amafa chifukwa Stalin, mtsogoleri, mu maphokoso perestroika nthawi panali chizolowezi cha kukana ungwazi Unyinji wa anthu nkhondo yolimbana ndi Anazi ndipo ndikunyoza tanthauzo la chigonjetso chachikulu. zinthuzo Walira wa ndalama yomweyo.

Pa nthawi zonsezi bodza dala pa utumiki wa zinthu zenizeni ndale. Ngati m'mbuyomu, achikomyunizimu anamutengera iye mu utumiki kukhalabe kutchuka kwa ulamuliro wake, tsopano akuyesera kuti apindule nayo ndi amene akuyesera kuti apeze likulu ndale. Onse Amachitanso oipa.

falsifications mbiri lero

Timathawa chizolowezi reshape mbiri amalembedwa zambiri zolembedwa kuti yatsikira kwa ife nthawi zakale, bwinobwino anasamukira ku ŵakusanga XXI atumwi. Ngakhale kuti ankatsutsidwa zonse falsification wa mbiri, sichitha ankafuna kukana masamba awa mdima zakale, ngati Nazi, chiwembuchi Chiameniya ndi Holodomor. NdiAmene wa otchedwa ziphunzitso zina, wosanyengereredwa ambiri amakana zochitika, kuyesera kuti akayikire kuti kudalirika kwawo, pokambirana naye zazing'ono umboni wotsimikizira.

Ubale wa luso kwa n'zolondola

Dala kupotozedwa mbiri zimaonekera osati mu zolemba ideologues chipani komanso mu ntchito za luso. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa kwathunthu akuganizira moyo weniweniwo. Komabe, apa vuto penapake zovuta. Mosiyana ndi sayansi, luso amalola fano a zochitika m'mbiri zina zopeka, ndithudi, Koma ngati pamene ntchito ya wolemba kapena wojambula sali woti chovomerezeka.

Tikumbukenso kuti zaposachedwapa, ambiri, kuwonjezera bwino kuti kuyambira tili ana yopeka anali mtundu wanyimbo otchedwa zongopeka. Monga munthu, choncho wina, ntchito ya nkhani zambiri kukhala chinsalu mbiri, molakwika ndi mlembi malinga ndi masomphenya ake luso. Zoterezi chodabwitsa luso anatsindika ndi azambiriyakale luso ngati osiyana boma mtundu wanyimbo otchedwa mbiri zina. Izo sizingakhoze ankamuona ngati pofuna kungopeka zochitika zenizeni, koma kuzioneka ngati imodzi mwa njira luso.

polimbana ndi achinyengo - choncho konsekonse

Mwa njira yabwino kwambiri kutsutsa ankafuna tisalembe mbiri ya dziko lathu ayenera choyamba akuti analenga Commission Pulezidenti tasked ndi polimbana adaniwo. Ofunika m'dera lino ndipo analenga NGOs m'deralo. Only khama olowa akhoza anakoloweka chopinga choipa.