Federal mtundu wa anthu-Kupititsa

Lingaliro la mtundu m'zigawozo boma zikutanthauza njira ya gulu lake utsogoleri-malo. Otere amaneneratu lingathe bungwe umodzi wa boma, kapena zigwirizana wa kuchuluka m'madera uliwonse gonjerani boma lawo m'deralo ndi mphamvu zambiri.

A mtundu unitary wa anthu-Kupititsa

mawonekedwe Unitary ndi mwachilungamo ambiri. okhumudwa amakhala ndi umodzi wa matupi a boma, dongosolo malamulo ndi malamulo, amene amafalitsidwa popanda malire aliwonse kapena choyenereza ndi gawo la dziko lonse. Mayiko amenewa ndi Sweden, Italy, Poland, ambiri m'mayiko a mu Africa ndi Asia.

Federal mtundu wa anthu-Kupititsa

Mosiyana unitary, kapembedzedwe feduro zikutanthauza dongosolo mwachilungamo zovuta, womwenso mu mayunitsi ake umembala, kupatula wofuna mwa mawu kukula kwake ndi kufunika kwa malamulo adziko lonse lapansi. mabungwe ake membala tikhoza kunena kuti m'njira zosiyanasiyana: limati, dziko cantons, Emirates, chigawo, ndi zina zotero. Koma nthawi zonse boma mawonekedwe a boma Kupititsa chipangizo adzatenge kuti izi - m'dera - zisudzo kusamutsa mbali ya ulamuliro wawo mokomera matupi chapakati boma. Choncho, makamaka pali milingo awiri a zida boma: apamwamba - feduro, amene mphamvu anawonjezera kuti dziko lonse, ndipo mphamvu ya nkhani za m'zigawozo Federation - izo zikugwira ntchito kokha pakati pa dziko nkhani. Mofananamo, malamulo akhoza kugawidwa amene imvera kuphedwa mokakamizidwa okha m'madera zochepa nkhani (monga mu maiko US), ndi chilengedwe - feduro. Federal mawonekedwe a dongosolo boma Kupititsa chichitika, monga ulamuliro, pa maiko, ethnically sakanikira (Belgium), mayiko amene anatuluka ndi kaphatikizidwe madera kale palokha (monga Switzerland, Germany, USA), komanso ali ndi malo kwambiri zikuluzikulu kapena ambiri anthu (mwachitsanzo, pachifukwa ichi, aponso, boma boma ku Russia, dongosolo territorially ndale).

mbali khalidwe la dongosolo feduro:

1. boma wapangidwa mabungwe ambiri osiyana kuti ali ndi mphamvu matupi awo.
2. The nyumba zamalamulo a States amakhala bicameral, chifukwa chimodzi mwa zipindazo ndi ambiri boma ndi zina wapangidwa oimira mayiko. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti yamalamulo bicameral akhoza kugwira boma unitary osati pokhala chizindikiro cha m'malo mwa Federation lapansi.
3. Mu federations ambiri, pali mfundo za unzika wapawiri: mayiko a m'dera ndi chonse pamodzi.
4. Mugone zakunja m'mayiko amenewa ndi mwayi wapadera yekha cha ziwalo chapakati boma.