Feteleza yabwino adyo mu kugwa. Kudzala adyo m'dzinja: kutalika kwa nthawi

Amadziwika kuti adyo wakula ngakhale ku Iguputo, mfundo imeneyi chimachititsa masamba kholo chikhalidwe horticulture. Malinga ndi nthawi kubzala adyo lagawidwa kasupe ndi yozizira - amene anabzala mu kugwa, "pamaso yozizira." Ndi adyo izi wotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa kukula milungu ingapo m'mbuyomo ndi bwino kusunga quality, ngati kusungidwa bwino yozizira yokolola angapulumuke mpaka yozizira yotsatira.

yozizira adyo

Onse zosiyanasiyana mitundu akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu 2: mivi ndi nestrelkuyuschiesya. Kuyambira woyamba mitundu wotchuka Promin, Spas, Dushes, Prometheus Zubrenok etc., ndi ku chachiwiri -. Gribovsky chisangalalo Dubovskii, Gribovsky 60 Aleysky. Ngati simuli wotsimikiza zimene mitundu monga munthu kapena mitundu ina, kuyang'anitsitsa pa mutu: Mivi Yanu ali pa 5 ndi 12 cloves lalikulu anakonza bwalo lina, ndipo nestrelkuyuschiysya - 14-30 yaing'ono, anakonza spirally. Ndi mitundu nestrelkuyuschihsya yozizira zabwino kubzala adyo mu kugwa. Feteleza anadzetsa nthaka, kumadalira osati kokha pa zosiyanasiyana ndi, mtundu nthaka, komanso pa nthawi ya kubzala.

masiku mulingo woyenera kubzala

Kwambiri zotsatira zabwino kubzala adyo mu kugwa. nthawi kubzala zingasiyane pang'ono malinga nyengo, koma wamaluwa odziwa akulangizidwa kudzala adyo mu nthawi kuchokera September 30 October 20. Kumene, ngati m'dzinja anali ofunda ndi dzuwa, chodzala masiku, mukhoza kusuntha pang'ono, koma dziwani kuti adyo ayenera bwino mphamvu chisanu, koma nthawi zambiri kukula, mwinamwake mbewu lonse akhoza kutayika. Mulingo woyenera TC ayenera kukhala osachepera 13-15˚C. Pa kutentha ichi, chodzala adyo mu kugwa, manyowa nthaka ndi ntchito zina pa malo adzabweretsa osati zosangalatsa komanso kukolola.

Pamaso kubzala, muyenera kukonzekera malo, kuchotsa namsongole ndi kupanga feteleza kutero. Kodi feteleza adyo ntchito yabwino, zokwanira kovuta. Zonse zimatengera mtundu wa dothi m'dera lanu.

kukonza njira

Ngati dothi lanu ndi mchenga loam malo, inu muli mu mwayi - chikhalidwe ndi kutikonda kwambiri. Feteleza kwa adyo kugwa kupanga masabata awiri isanafike kubzala, m'pofunika kukumba bedi pafupifupi 20 cm mwakuya ndi kuumba za 5-6 makilogalamu / mamita ^2. Chonde dziwani kuti manyowa atsopano mu nkhani iyi ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati nthaka pa malo anu dongo, m'pofunika kuti kuchuluka kwa peat mu 1 ndowa / mamita ^2.

Monga feteleza pansi m'dzinja adyo anadzetsa nthaka monga mchere potaziyamu - 20 g / mamita ² ndi superfosfat- 30 ga pa mamita ^2. Mu loam nthaka zachititsanso choko, pushonuyu laimu kapena ufa dolomite. Koma asafe feteleza ntchito Sikuti, zoyambitsa kukula kwa unyinji wobiriwira wa zomera, ndi adyo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa mizu basi.

Kodi kutaya adyo m'munda

Yambani chodzala chikhalidwe sayenera yomweyo, koma patangotha sabata pambuyo umuna. Pakuti adyo mu kugwa ndikofunika kusunga malamulo kubzala, monga kuthilira pa nthawi ino ya chaka ndi operewera kwambiri ndi mano ndi mavuto Anapitirizabe.

The njira yofala chodzala adyo mu mabedi zochitidwa khasu, koma mungathe kuchita izo mwa njira ina - kupanga mabowo chifukwa chodzala wina clove. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kutenga zitsulo chubu kapena msomali mabowo ndi kukankhira kuya ankafuna. Pamene inu ntchito chifukwa chodzala mano lalikulu, maenje ayenera kukhala akuya masentimita 7, ndipo ngati nkhani chomera si lalikulu kwambiri, 4-5 masentimita atatsala ankafika mu dzenje kuwaza nkhuni pang'ono phulusa -. Iwo adzapereka kudyetsa adyo anu mpaka masika.

Iliyonse njira chodzala musankhe, kumbukirani kuti muyenera kukhala chiwerengero cha masentimita 25 ndi mzake, ndi mipata pakati pa mano ayenera kukhala lonse m'dzanja la pafupifupi 7-10 masentimita safuna kwambiri ni mano okha -. Ingawononge mbale woyambira ndipo iwo alibe mizu, ndi bwino monga "kuvala" iwo akuya kufunika ndi modekha kuwaza pansi.

Kodi ndifunika kuphika adyo ndi momwe angachitire izo

Chadzulo kubzala adyo mababu ayenera mfutizo mu zubochki, kuchita pamaso si koyenera - mano akhoza kukhala wouma kwambiri mwina kutaya katundu wawo. Komanso, musati obluschivat cloves ndi khungu, chifukwa ena feteleza adyo mu kugwa kwapangidwa mwachindunji mdzenje, ndipo mbewu akhoza "kuwotcha".

Sungani chifukwa chodzala amphamvu ndi lalikulu mano, kuyambira wamng'ono, masekeli magalamu zosakwana 3, kukolola sizigwira ntchito. Chonde onani, ngati thupi lonse imakhala cloves awiri kapena atatu, ndiye chodzala ndi Sikuti - izo otsika chuma yokolola sadzapezekapo.

Pakuti chikhalidwe bwino rooting akhoza ankawaviika mu njira ya mchere wamba - 1 NL / 2L wa madzi, kenako njira m'malo ofooka permanganate potaziyamu. Izi kuteteza mbewu ku matenda ambiri. Kwa cholinga chomwecho zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo sulphate mkuwa, 1% njira, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala alipo. Momasuka "fitosporin", "Vuto", "Immunotsitofit", "Vuto".

Feteleza kwa adyo mu kugwa ndi masika, pamene, kumene ndi mochuluka bwanji

M'dzinja fetereza pafupifupi malekezero adyo pamaso ankafika ndipo amaloledwa nthaka. Mutabzala mabedi analimbikitsa zamulchirovat lopuwala udzu, utuchi kapena mbewu nsonga. Izi zidzathandiza kuti musunge chinyezi yaitali kuteteza zomera frosts kwambiri.

Mu April oyambirira, mwamsanga pamene waikira mazira mphukira choyamba, adyo ndi zofunika kudyetsa urea yothetsera pa mlingo wa 1 tbsp. L. / malita 10 a madzi. Per sq. mita ayenera pafupifupi asanu malita.

Patapita kanthawi, mu April, feteleza ayenera kukhala kawiri. Nthawi yoyamba ntchito njira ya zitosi za nkhuku ndi NPK, choyamba tiyenera kutenga 0,5 L, ndipo chachiwiri - 1 tbsp. supuni. Onse zosakaniza izi malita 10 a madzi. Kumapeto kwa mwezi, ntchito zikuchokera yosiyaniranapo: malita 10 a madzi adzafunika 1 tsp .. urea, 1 tbsp. L. sulphate potaziyamu ndi superphosphate awiri.

Chinsinsi chimodzi chachikulu cha kukolola ndi pamwamba kuvala wa adyo. Kumasiyana ndi ochiritsira kuti fetereza si pansi pa muzu, ndipo sprayed pamwamba. Iwo amachita izo nthawi zambiri pamene nthenga anayamba kutembenukira wachikasu. Pakuti foliar feteleza ntchito ammonium nitrate kapena urea, m'mene ndende za njira ayenera kukhala laling'ono kwambiri kuposa zachibadwa. Kuchititsa foliar feteleza muyenera madzulo, mu nyengo mitambo, mwinamwake inu mukhoza "kuwotcha" ambiri obiriwira.

Adyo amakonda lotayirira nthaka ndi anasiya namsongole, chotero tsiku lotsatira pambuyo umuna kapena kuthirira nthaka m'pofunika kumasula. Mwa njira, ngati nyengo sanali kwambiri mvula, ndi mabedi ayenera madzi ambiri - chikhalidwe amakonda madzi. Komabe, musati overdo izo - kuthirira kwambiri monga oipa monga chilala.

zokolola

Adyo akhoza kusonkhanitsa pamene awiri masamba m'munsi anatembenuka chikasu ndipo lopuwala. Mababu ndi kukoka pamodzi ndi masamba anaika pa zitunda kapena zizikhala matabwa youma zokula m'nyumba. Monga kuyanika mapesi zakudya ndi anasamutsidwa mu babu. Okonzekera kusungiramo adyo ankaona kuti pamene anayamba rustle mu manja. kugwirizana kwake kumulavulira kapena kudula masamba youma, ndi apangidwe mu matumba nsalu kwa yosungirako wotsatira.