Field Virigo ndi kuti? History ndi chidwi mfundo

Wotchuka Moscow Buthu munda anatambasula mu mtunda wautali, conventionally kuyambira Garden mphete ndi kutha pa Novodevichy Akatolika. malire tinganene kuti mu East Minor Pirogovskaya kumadzulo - Pogodinskaya misewu. Atsikana pa olamulira za kuthengo ndi lalikulu Pirogovskaya. misewu mpaka 1924 anaitanidwa motero, ndi Big ndi Small Tsaritsyno. Malowa ali ndi bwalo mfumukazi Evdokia Lopukhina - mkazi wa Peter I. mfumu

Dzina Buthu kumunda. Ali?

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti m'dera alitcha dzina kwa pafupi Novodevichy Akatolika, zomwe zathandiza kwambiri Mfumukazi Sophia m'zaka XVII. Ikani patsogolo malingaliro ena, amene ndizoonekeratu kuti kale anapanga Virgin a Field. Moscow pa tsiku kale anasankhidwa malo awa koyenda. Ndiye pali amapita zosiyana - agulupa nalo dzina lake ochokera m'madera oyandikana nawo.

Baibulo lina za chiyambi cha dzina munda Buthu limanena kuti pa nthawi ya anthu Chitata Mongol midzi za Yehova kuno asungwana okongola kwambiri kupereka msonkho nawatuma kwa Golden gulu. Baibulo chachiwiri yokoma kwambiri. Field dzina amachokera chakuti kalelo panali meadows, tsiku townsmen mtsikana wawo amadalira kuweta ng'ombe kuno, ndi zikondwerero madzulo bungwe, bwalo magule, kuyimba, anakonza masewera osiyana.

Ikani zikondwerero pagulu

Mu mbiri ya Moscow Buthu munda ziri zodziwika bwino chifukwa cha zikondwerero zake lonse onse ndi chikondwerero. Poyamba, maholide amene anakonza yekha kachipembedzo, makamaka linali tsiku la kulemekeza chithunzi cha Lady Wathu Smolensk. Ndi ulemu wokha ndipo anakwezedwa Novodevichy Akatolika. Kenako Field Virgin zinalimbikitsa Podnovinskie chikondwerero, kotero wokondedwa ndi anthu am'deralo lapansi. Nthawi zambiri kuno wotchuka asangalatsi yachilendo alendo amene anayenda kudutsa Russia. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi jugglers anthu Zheni Latur ndi Pinetti. Russian chuma ali allocated ngakhale ndalama, inamangidwa kuno zisudzo matabwa. Momwemo kuyenda wamba amagwiritsidwa ufulu zisudzo. Mwatsoka, zisudzo linathetsedwa pa nthawi. Mu 1771 anasiya ntchito chifukwa cha mliri, ndipo kenako analibe mphamvu kuonetsetsa ndalama chifukwa tikukonza ake.

The coronation a Nicholas I

Komabe, zikondwerero za pa munda sanaime. chidwi zapatsidwa kwa kusowa chidwi zimene zinachitika apa mu 1826. chikondwerero unadzipereka kwa Tsar Nicholas I. Pakuti coronation wa banja Mfumu ndi olemekezeka pa Virgin a Field rotunda inamangidwa mozungulirapo izo zakhala stylishly chokongoletsedwa zomera. Tinaitanidwa kuti kukondwerera ndi anthu wamba. Kwa iwo, pamalo oonekera yokutidwa ndi zambiri kotero zosiyanasiyana likanatha: mitundu yonse ya mitanda, mowa, uchi, zipatso, kusuta nyama, nyama kukazinga ndi zina zambiri. Pafupi anaikidwa akasupe a vinyo (2 lalikulu ndi 16 zing'onozing'ono), mwachindunji ku nozzles ndi chozunzika ndi vinyo woyera ndi wofiira. Namwali Field anali wokonzeka kulandira alendo. Holide anthu ambiri kulengeza, ndipo malo anabwera khamu lalikulu la zosadziwika mavuto amachitira. Pamene mbendera ovuta chiyambi cha chakudya, anthu anadzasokoneza anathamangira ku akasupe, matebulo. Khamu chinawononga zonse mu njira yake, ndipo izi ngakhale kuti iye anapatsidwa kuti kuchita zizindikiro. Mphindi khumi ndi zisanu kenako, kunali kosatheka kupeza malo molemera kukolola. Khamu anatembenuka zonse ndi kukhala mabwinja: matebulo, mipando adakhala wothyoledwa, edibles mu nkhani masekondi chinawononga, kuwonongedwa zomera ndi. Izi, tili ndi tchuthi.

Zitachitika limeneli, onse zosangalatsa zikondwerero m'dera zinatsekedwa. Anachita kuno parades asilikali ndi ntchito za asilikali. Only mu 1864 pa Field Namwali adapitiriza Podnovinskie chikondwerero, anayamba kugwira ndi chikondwerero yotakata Carnival ndi Isitala.

Novodevichy masisitere

Kukhala pa Field ndi Virgin, mmodzi amaona m'dera la Novodevichy Akatolika. Prechistenka kumabweretsa izo, mwa njira, dzina zinali ndendende chifukwa chakuti msewu zinachititsa kuti Novodevichy ansembe yotchedwa, kumene kachisi anali - ndi chithunzi cha Namwali Wodalitsidwa. Pamwamba agulupa makoma ataliatali tiered belu nsanja. Pakati pa nyumba ambiri kumene kumakhala Amonke kuonekera ku munda Buthu ndi Smolensky Cathedral, chomwe anachipanga anali okumbukira kumasulidwa kwa Smolensk linga mu 1525.

Kale m'masiku oyambirira linakhalapo ankadziwika Novodevichy Akatolika olemera ang'onoang'ono chuma. Mu XVII m'ma obisika a akonzedwa a dziko Russian, iye ankaona mwinimunda lalikulu. Panali avirigo Mfumukazi Sophia, I. F. Godunova, E. F. Lopuhina. Ikufotokoza chidwi chapadera mu obisika ndi akuluakulu a boma ndi chuma chithandizo chabwino.

Mu XV m'ma kumadzulo cha Virigo wa kumunda ku Moscow Mtsinje anatambasula pawiri Rostov bishopu atazungulira mzinda wake ka ogwira ntchito pa malowo tsopano mu Rostov kanjira. Kudera limeneli pa nthawi anatchula Umo monga Dorogomilovo Pamudzi.

Chipatala mbiri ya m'mudzi

mtundu zasintha munda wake Buthu pa mapeto a XIX atumwi. Izo zinali zogwirizana ndi luso pa zamankhwala Moscow State University. chiwerengero cha ana kuchuluka, mu kalasi ya sukulu pa Rozhdestvenka ndi Moss analibe mipando zokwanira. Mu 1884, ku Moscow mzinda boma anaganiza kusamutsa yunivesite anapereka m'dziko Namwali Field mwapatsidwa yunivesite mabungwe zachipatala ndiponso zipatala. Nawo m'dera anadzipereka anali mahekitala 18. Ngakhale izi zisanachitike, 1882, mkazi wamalonda a Morozova anapereka yunivesite maekala 6 m'dziko pafupi. Mphatso anabwera imathandiza. The ndalama Morozova ndi Paskhalov anamangapo nyumba yoyamba ya m'madipatimenti Psychiatric ndi obstetric.

Choncho anayamba kumanga mudzi chipatala. The E ntchito yomanga ake anali ndiye otchuka dokotala - NV Sklifosovsky mu zaka 1880-1891 - ndi yunivesite. Anaikira kuipidwa wa matenda sukulu Konstantin Bykovsky.

Official tsamba anabwera 1887 pambuyo Alexander III anavomereza ntchito bajeti ndi Autograph.

Mapeto a ntchito yomanga

Namwali Field, kutsimikizira lonse m'dera chithunzi anadzazidwa ndi zipatala. Chipatala tawuni unakula. Ndi ndalama zolipirira yomanga boma, komanso zopereka entrepreneurial unachita yaikulu pomanga zipatala komanso mabungwe.

Mu 1897, ntchito yomanga inatha. Chifukwa wa Moscow State University inamangidwa zipatala 12, siteshoni 1 ambulansi ndi 8 mabungwe. Kuyambira pamenepo, mbiri munda wake Buthu kumagwirizana ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala mu Russia, ndipo kenako Soviet Union.

Koma zikondwerero yolalikira, inatenga zaka zochepa kuno pambuyo kutsegula kwa mzinda chipatala. Koma mu 1911 awo anawatengera ku madzi abwino. Phokoso zoipa zimakhudzira thanzi la odwala ndi ogwira ntchito pa pempho la zipatala za boma waganiza kulepheletsa. Mu 1930, Medical luso anali lidzasinthidwa Woyamba Institute Medical, amene analandiranso mutu wa Sechenov.

Kufikira tsopano, Field Virgin a imatengedwa kuti mbuto ikulu cholinga kutsogolera zipatala zachipatala osati Moscow, koma mu Russia.

zipatala

Zomwe chipatala pa Field Virgin a zinamangidwa?

Iwo inatha mu 1890:

• mankhwala chipatala dokotala Zakharyin;
• opaleshoni Sklifosovsky;
• Zipatala matenda mitsempha;
• Hospital Filatov Ana;
• Institute of General Pathological kaswili Klein;
• Institute for kudwala ambiri, mankhwala, ukhondo.

Mu 1892, chipatala kuchipatala:

• Ostroumova mankhwala;
• opaleshoni;
• propedeutics matenda mkati;
• matenda diso.

Mu 1895 iye anatsegula ambiri matenda zasayansi wa makutu, mphuno komanso pakhosi.

Tsopano Big Pirogovskaya kuyang'ana pamakoma mphamvu ya zipatala opaleshoni ndi mankhwala. Anayamba kuyenda dipatimenti ya mankhwala ndi kunena wotchuka. Pachipatala chake ndi kukha magazi m'mapapo mwanga anagona A. P. Chehov.

The nyumba yokongola kwambiri ya mzinda chipatala - ambiri matenda outpatient chipatala, yomwe inamangidwa ndi wamanga Zaleski ndipo anatsegula mu 1896. Tsopano nyumbayi ili rector a MMA. Pamaso nyumbayi ndi chipilala kuti Sechenov - woyambitsa wa sukulu ya Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa, izo linakonzedwa mu 1958 Kerbel.

Mu chakumadzulo kwa nyumba awiri kalembedwe neoclassical - anatomopathological Institute ndi Clinic matenda khungu. Kenako mu 1960 kunali chipilala kuti Abrikosov alonda ziboliboli.

Mikhail Bulgakov

mbiri kotero kumagwirizana pano ndi mankhwala, kotero kunapezeka - ngakhale wolemba Mikhail Bulgakov, yemwe ankakhala kuno ku 1927, malinga ndi ntchito yake anali dokotala. nyumba yake M'munda Virgin nthawizonse wotseguka kwa alendo. Anali alendo kawirikawiri kumeneko Ilf ndi Petrov, Olesha, aluso Tirhana Theatre Yashin, anakweranso. Mu zaka 30 Bulgakov anayamba ntchito yake pa Art Theatre. Mikhail Bulgakov anakhalapo kuno ndi mkazi wake chikondi Beloselsky-Belozersky. Ndiye mu Chiyambi chake ndi wotchuka buku "Master ndi Margarita", dzina la pachiyambi amene anali "Consultant kuti zogawanika." Iye anagwira ntchito ngati mbuye ndi kusewera "The Cabal wa Onyenga" ndi nkhani "Moliere."

khwalala

misewu arrow Big Pirogov ndi Elan zidzayambitsa Square Buthu kumunda. Izi ndi chidutswa yekha a m'dziko anali kamodzi munda m'chipululu sichinayambe kumangidwa. Ichi ndi malo amene anali zikondwerero mwachirengedwe kwambiri chikondwerero amene anatsegula pano kuyambira 1864. Monga ife otchulidwa, pambuyo yomanga tawuni chipatala a chipwirikiti pa pempho la mphamvu zachipatala zinawapangitsa Chipinda Cowonetsera mu 1911. Local lalikulu chomwecho, mabwalo, boulevards anasankha kupandukira mu paki lalikulu, lomwe anakakhala mu 1912-1913.

Green, omasuka Square chimafikira makona tsopano anapanga amene Large Pirogovskaya, Yelanskaya msewu wolowera Plyushchikha ndipo popitapita Devichye kumunda. Zokongola wobiriwira, yosamalidwa bwino njira, kasupe, mabenchi - kukhala m'dziko la mtendere, nthawi zina sakhulupirira kuti ambiri a phokoso Garden mphete. Pa ngodya a lalikulu wayikidwa Filatov chipilala - ndi dokotala amene anatsogolera yapafupi chipatala Dokotala.

Michael kachisi

Ozungulira zipatala Obstetrics ndi matenda achikazi Michael kachisi ili ku zipatala mu Devichye kumunda. Linamangidwa pansi polojekiti Nikiforov, Meissner pa gawo lalikulu la tawuni chipatala. ngale izi kuti imakongoletsa zovuta kuchipatala, aipatsa chokwanira ndiponso kukhulupirika.

Mu 1894 Alexander III anavomereza ntchito mapulani, ndipo nthawi yomweyo anaika kachisi ikuchitika. gawo pamalo lalikulu m'tauni chipatala. Zinali pano ndi tanthauzo mu obstetric mlandu anabadwa makanda. Mu mpingo limodzi, ndipo nthawi zambiri anabatizidwa. Wakhanda ndi mwakuthupi komanso moyo wauzimu imodzi.

Yomanga anapita mwamsanga ndipo mu 1897 Michael tchalitchi Field ndi Virgin anali wodzipereka. kudzipereka chinali akamaliza wodzala ndi kumanga mudzi chipatala, inali ntchito yokoma ya onse amene anamanga zachipatala zovuta. Michael Temple kunapangitsa kuti moyo wa m'tawuni wauzimu wapadera ndi tanthauzo. Chipembedzowo kunali madokotala, ophunzira odwala, ndi m'deralo pafupi nyumba.

nthawi yovuta. kuchira

Mu 1922, mu nthawi yovuta kwa Russian osapemphera kachisi ku Field Namwali anagonjetsa mwa Bolsheviks. chuma ankalandidwa ndipo anati, "katundu wa anthu." Mu 1931 tchalitchi chinatsekedwa m'tchalitchi kuwonongedwa, zonsezi ngakhale misa zionetsero za m'deralo. Kumanga kachisi, choyamba bungwe kultprosvetchitalnyu, ndiye apa okonzeka masewero olimbitsa thupi, ndiye mankhwala, ofesi malo, nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Mu 1977, mpingo pafupifupi kuwonongedwa kwathunthu kuti njira yomanga chakudya. Only khama zosaneneka za anthu anathandiza kuletsa vandals. Kwa zaka zambiri kachisi dilapidated anali kanthu. Only mu 1990s oyambirira, nyumbayi kenako okhulupirira. Zotsalira za kachisi kwa nthawi yaitali kuti abwezeretse, wobwezeretsedwa. Mu 2002, mpingo Michael kuuweruza zitseko zake okhulupirira, kachiwiri adalowa izo pemphero, kumbuyo makedzana kukongola ndi ulemerero.

Namwali Field. Kolomna

Kuyankhula za Field ya Moscow Virgin, osati kutchula eponymous msewu mu Kolomna. Iyenso, ali chidwi chake mbiri, ngakhale anthu ambiri lero ali bwino. Today Namwali Field (Kolomna) - wamba mzinda msewu m'dera Kolycheva kumene alimbane pa nkhani nyumba gululi. Okhala iwo nkomwe kumva kudzapita chakuti moyo ndendende pamalo wotchedwa chizindikiro cha kugwirizana kwa Russia. Apa wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy anasonkhana squads akalonga amene anali pa nkhondo ndi mzake. Izi kumene ophatikizana iwo mu wamphamvu Russian asilikali amene anali unbeaten pankhondo yaikulu ya Kulikovo. The Rostov anapita kunkhondo, Pskov, Suzdal, nabwera - Russian. Choncho panali mugwilizano wadziko.

dziko kwenikweni apadera, ndipo kenako mobwerezabwereza pano kuyang'ana magulu ankhondo.

Tsopano deralo ndi zogona Kolychevo zosiyanasiyana ndi zizindikiro zonse muyezo. Atsikana munda index mu Kolomna - 140 404, kutalika kwa msewu - 1.3 Km, utumiki sitima №7, m'tawuni m'dera Kolychevo. Pa msewu ali ngati nyumba ndi mabizinezi malonda, Catering ndi mankhwala onse.