Isaac Asimov, "Mapanga azitsulo": kufotokoza, chidule ndi ndemanga

Moyo wa wolemba Isaac Asimov unali wodekha, sanapeze mavuto aakulu. Isake mwiniyo ankakhulupirira kuti ntchito zake sizinayambitse mpweya. Inde, chifukwa cha mabuku ake, kusinthika sikudakonzedwe, iwo anachita mosiyana. Owerenga, odziwa ntchito ya wolemba, adanena kuti mabuku awo akukwera kunja ndikudodometsa. Maganizo osadziletsa a Isake anathandiza kuti dziko lapansi likhale losavuta, ndipo zilembo zosavuta zinafotokozera ngakhale zovuta za sayansi kwa owerenga.

Zaka zoyambirira za wolemba

Anabadwa Isaac Azimov mu 1920 ku Russia kudera la Smolensk, m'mudzi wa Petrovichi. Anakondwerera tsiku lake lobadwa pa January 2. Patapita zaka 3, banja lathu linasamukira ku United States. Iwo anakhazikika ku Brooklyn, chimodzi mwa zigawo za New York. Patapita zaka zisanu, banja linalandira ufulu. Ndiponso bambo wa mlembi wamtsogolo adatsegula sitolo yake yokhalamo.

Isaki, adakali mwana wa sukulu, adadziŵa kuwerenga. Iye anali ndi zithunzi zojambula, anali wochenjera komanso wanzeru kwambiri.

Kukhala wolemba

Isake kuyambira ali mwana adathandiza bambo ake m'sitolo. Kumeneku ankakhala maola 16 pa tsiku. Pa masamulo a sitolo sanagulitsidwe osati zokongoletsera zokha, komanso magazini, omwe munali nkhani zambiri zosangalatsa. Isaki wawo adawerenga mowa. Ali ndi zaka 11, adalemba nkhani yake ndipo adailemba kuti athe kuwerenga.

Pamene mlembi wam'tsogolo adakwanitsa zaka 16, bambo ake anam'patsa makina opangira matepi. Ali ndi zaka 18 Isake anapita ku ofesi ya ofesi ya magazini ya New York ndi nkhani yake yoyamba, koma anakanidwa. Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu, adayesanso mwayi wake ndi nkhani ina - "Ndikumangidwa ndi Vesta." Ilo linasindikizidwa pa October 21, 1938, kulipira ngongole yaing'ono ya madola 64 kwa ma 6400 mbiriyakale.

Atapita kusukulu, Isake analowa m'gulu la zinyama, koma posakhalitsa anasintha n'kukhala mankhwala. Kale mu 1941 adakhala mbuye mu khemistri, ndipo mu 1948 - dokotala mu biochemistry. Azimov anagwira ntchito zaka zoposa 10 ku Medical School of Boston University. Nthawi yonseyi adapitiriza kugwira ntchito pazolemba zake. Mu 1958, adaganiza kuti adzakhala mlembi yekha, popeza ndalama zomwe adalandira panthawi imeneyo zinamupindulitsa kwambiri kuposa malipiro.

"Mapanga azitsulo"

Pa moyo wake, Isaac Azimov analemba zolembedwa zoposa 300 za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Koma kutchuka kwakukulu kunamupangitsa iye nyimbo zosangalatsa. Imodzi mwa ntchito zoterozo inali buku loti "Mapanga a Steel." Isake Azimov panthawiyo adaganiza kuyesa ndikupanga ntchito yomwe ingagwirizanitse malingaliro ndi nkhani yowonongeka.

Buku la "Steel Caves" linali loyamba pa ntchito zambiri zoperekedwa kwa woyang'anira dzina lake Elijah Bailey. M'tsogolomu, wolemba analemba mabuku ena ambiri omwe akhala akupitiriza nkhaniyi.

Azimov, "mapanga azitsulo"

Zolemba mwachidule za bukuli. Mamembala amtendere ochokera ku dziko lina adadza pa Dziko Lapansi. Alendo awa amatchedwa cosmonyms. Anthu omwewo amakhala m'midzi yayikulu-mapiri, akuvutika ndi chiwerengero chokwanira. Zakale zam'dzikoli zimakhala zowawa kwambiri kudziko lapansi, kotero kufika kwa mtendere mtendere wa dziko lapansi ndikofunikira kwambiri pa dziko lapansi, lomwe liri ndi vuto lalikulu komanso mavuto ambiri.

Koma patapita kanthawi mmodzi wa alendowa anaphedwa. Boma la Dziko lapansi limamvetsetsa kuti mulanduwo ukhoza kupeza zotsatira zosautsa, mwinamwake kuphulika kwa chiwonongeko chachinsinsi. Kwa anthu izi zidzakhala zoopsa. Chigamulo cha magaziniyi chaperekedwa kwa woyang'anira wa New York wa kalasi ya C-5 dzina lake Elijah Bailey. Wokondedwa wake amadziwitsa zodabwitsa, dzina lake R. Daniel Olivo. Posakhalitsa, Eliya akuyamba kukayikira kuti ndi wokondedwa wake si wophweka. Pambuyo pake, amadziwa kuti liwu lakuti "R" m'dzina la mnzawo limatanthauza kuti iye ndi robot.

Owerenga amawona kuntchito

Buku la "Cave Cave" limapangitsa kuti owerenga aziwerenga mozama. Ambiri amagwirizana ndi dziko lopangidwa ndi wolemba, kumvetsetsa ndi protagonist. Koma pali ena amene sakonda ntchitoyi.

Ena mwa owerengawo adawona m'mabuku a tsogolo losasangalatsa la dziko lapansili. Anthu amakakamizika kukhala pansi, ali kumapeto kwa chitukuko chawo. Koma pakati pawo iwo amabadwa iwo omwe ali okonzeka kukhulupirira zinthu zabwino, akukhumba ku chiyanjano. Owerenga adawerenga bukuli ngati mapulaneti, ndipo izi zinawakhudza kwambiri.

Azimov analemba "mapanga azitsulo" panthawi imene anthu anayamba kugonjetsa malo. Wolemba m'mabuku ake ambiri omwe anali ndi chikhumbo chochoka Mayi Earth, akuuluka kuti akakomane ndi atsopano, nyenyezi, mapulaneti. Koma tsopano boma limapereka malo openda nthawi yochepa. Malinga ndi izi, bukuli limakhala lovuta kwambiri, mofulumira, lofunika, limapeza mphamvu ya ulosi.

Ntchito yokha ikufanana ndi robot

Owerenga ena amakhala osasamala za buku la "miyala yamatabwa". Zomwe zili m'bukuli zoyamba zimakondweretsa. Pakuwerenga, akuwona dziko lopambana lomwe anthu amakhala ndi malamulo ena. Inde, anthu okhala padziko lapansili ndi abwino, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzinthu zoterezi, onse amasangalala nawo. Koma pano cosmonyms pachiyambi chawo amawoneka abwino. Maloboti amathandiza anthu wamba kuti akhale ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo. Monga masiku ano, ntchito yotchipa ndi yofunika kwambiri ndi olemba pamwamba.

Imodzi mwa zolephera zazikulu za bukuli ndi yakuti owerenga ena amaganizira za khalidwe lalikulu. Iwo samamuwona iye ngati wothandizira. Iye ndi wina aliyense: wolemba nkhani, katswiri wafilosofi - koma osati yemwe ali pa chiwembu. Owerenga amadziwa kuti pali ochuluka kwambiri ogwira ntchito kuntchito ndipo pafupifupi pafupifupi maganizo. Ena amafanizitsa chiwembu ndi robot, omwe amawerengeka kwambiri a bukhulo akuwoneka kuti sakufunikira nkomwe. Adani awo, nawonso, samakondweretsa, m'malo mwake, amadzichitira okha chifundo, iwo alibe thandizo ndipo nthawi zambiri amachitira zinthu zopanda pake.

Pomaliza

Buku la Isaac Azimov la "Steel Caves" ndi limodzi la nkhani za "Chiyambi". Ntchito iyi imatsegula dziko latsopano, lakutali kwa wowerenga aliyense, wodzaza ndi zinsinsi zake ndi mafunso ake. Winawake amamuwona yekha chojambula chosautsa cha zinthu zamakono, pamene ena adzipeza okha mapulaneti odabwitsa, otsutsa a anthu ndi zakuthambo, komanso nthawi zambiri zomwe ndikufuna kuti ndikhale ndi ankhanza mobwerezabwereza. Mulimonsemo, buku la "Steel Cave" ndilo buku lachipembedzo la wolemba wina waluso yemwe sasiya aliyense.