Mlembi wa ntchito "Chikondi Choyamba". Dzina la wolemba wa "Chikondi Choyamba"

Pakati pa zolemba zonse za ku Russia, mabuku a Russian, buku la First Love la Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev limasiyana kwambiri. Ntchitoyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi maziko abwino a chiwembu. Palibe zochitika zodabwitsa zomwe zingapezeke m'buku lino. Mutha kuganiza kuti wolemba ntchito "Chikondi Choyamba" akuwonetsedwa apa zochitika za moyo wake. Nkhaniyi ndi yodziwika bwino.

Kodi timadziwa chiyani za wolemba

N'zosatheka kulingalira munthu wina wa ku Russia amene sadziwa dzina la wolemba ntchito "Chikondi Choyamba". Ili ndilo buku lodziwika bwino la mabuku a Chirasha a m'ma 1800. Ntchito za Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev ndizofunikira pa maphunziro a sukulu. Dzina la wolembayo limadziwikanso ngakhale kwa omwe sadziwa bwino mabuku ake. Koma biography yake si yophweka komanso yophweka, monga nkhani yake yodziwika bwino ya chikondi choyamba. Mu moyo wake panali kutsutsana kokwanira. Chodabwitsa kwambiri chomwe chiri chophweka chokha chakuti wolemba, ali ndi malingaliro apamwamba owonetsera zenizeni za moyo wa Chirasha, anathera nthawi yochuluka yochokapo.

Ku Ulaya

Wolemba wa ntchito "First Love" ankakonda kukhala osati ku Russia. Ankachita kawirikawiri ma saloni olemba mabuku a ku Paris ndipo analankhula Chifalansa monga momwe adachitira mabuku ake ndi mabuku ake. Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev kawirikawiri ankawoneka m'mabwalo okongola a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi ku Monte Carlo casino . Koma kokha kasinthasintha kozungulira m'mabwalo a Bohemian a Paris ndi ma salon akuluakulu a mitu yonse ikuluikulu ya Ufumu wa Russia sanamlepheretse kupanga zolemba za Russian. Ndipo mkhalidwe wachuma unalola Turgenev kuti atsogolere moyo wodzilamulira wokhawokha.

Wolemekezeka wa Russia

Dzina la wolemba wa "Chikondi Choyamba" ndi losiyana ndi dzina la munthu wamkulu wa nkhaniyi. Koma apa zonse zowonekera m'bukuli zimabweretsa mwatsatanetsatane mkhalidwe wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa munthu wolemekezeka, kumene ubwana ndi unyamata wadutsa. Ndipo malowa anali ndi mphamvu zowonongeka pa ntchito zonse zolemba za Turgenev. M'mabuku ake ambiri, ndi zophweka kuona zochitika za banja la Turgenev - Spassky-Lutovinovo. Sizingakhale zowonjezereka kunena kuti kuchokera kumalo awa pali mitu yambiri ndi zithunzi, zomwe Turgenev sanangokhala nazo mu mabuku a Russian. Mlembi wa ntchito "Chikondi Choyamba", mwinamwake, kokha m'buku lino lokhalokha silinapite patali kuposa malonda a manor. Koma kenako m'mabuku ake, adatulutsa zithunzi zonsezi, zomwe zinalipo ku Russia sizinavomerezedwe ngakhale kukumbukira. Serf olima, ngati ali mu mabuku a Chirasha pamaso pa Turgenev, ndiye kuti ali ndi udindo wa anthu omwe ali ndi ndondomeko yachiwiri ndi yachitatu. Ndipo wolemba mbiri woyamba wa azondi a ku Russia anali wolemekezeka, yemwe anali ndi serfs.

Zolemba za Hunter

Chiyambi cha nzeru za Turgenev chimagwera pazaka za maphunziro ake pampando wa mawu a University of Moscow. Ziyeso zake zoyambirira zolemba ndakatulo zinayankhidwa bwino ndi V.G. Belinsky. Koma Turgenev anayamba kutchuka kwambiri m'chaka cha 1847 atatuluka mu nyuzipepala yotchedwa Sovremennik ya nkhani zoyambirira, zomwe kenako zinakhazikitsa buku lotchuka. Mkonzi I.I. Panayev anapereka bukuli ndi mutu wakuti "Kuchokera ku Hunter's Notes". Mbali imodzi, kuti tiwonetsere nkhani za wolemba woyambirira, ndipo pang'onopang'ono kuti afotokoze kwa anthu owerengera chikhalidwe chosadziwika cha mafano ndi zithunzi zomwe adzakumane nazo m'nkhanizi. Bukuli linali phokoso kwa onse otsutsa komanso owerenga. Ndipo mlembi wa ntchito "Chikondi Choyamba" anamverera kwa nthawi yoyamba kutchulidwa kolemba. Anabweretsedwa kwa iye ndi nkhani yaing'ono yodziwika ndi mbiri ya anthu zokhudza momwe Volodya anamvera kwa mnansi wina yemwe ankakhala pafupi ndi malo awo.

Pamphepete mwa mikangano ya anthu

Dzina la Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev likadakumbukika kalekale, ngati atangomangotchula kuti "zisa zabwino". Ngati zikanakhala choncho, ndiye kuti akanakhala wolemba mabuku wachi Russia, yemwe ankakhala ndi kulemba pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri mphambu khumi ndi ziwiri, Turgenev ankangokhalira kukumbukira mu kanema wa TV ku sukulu ya sekondale funso: "Tchulani wolemba ntchitoyo" Chikondi Choyamba "." Koma chodabwitsa n'chakuti Ivan Turgenev, pokhala mwini nyumba, ankachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti asinthe ndondomeko yomwe ilipo ku Russia. Wolemba mbiri dzina lake Turgenev adaonekera poyera m'nkhani zake zolemba nkhani komanso zolemba zolimbana ndi serfdom. Ndipo mawu a wolemba wotchuka anawonetsedwa mu moyo wa anthu onse ku Russia ndi resonance wamphamvu. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zinamukakamiza kuti azikhala kunja. Mwamwayi, ndalama zochokera kumalowo zinamuloletsa kuti asadzikane yekha poyenda ku Ulaya. Ichi ndi chisokonezo cha tsogolo. Munthu yemwe adamenyera kumasulidwa kwa asodzi a Serf ankakhala bwino chifukwa cha ntchito zawo.

Malingaliro Othandiza ku Russia

Sizomveka nthawi zonse kumvetsa zomwe zikuchitika m'dzikoli zaka zana ndi theka zapitazo, mu nthawi ya Turgenev. Wophunzira wina wa sekondale, kusuntha pa intaneti ndi chinthu chosadziwika bwino chofufuza funso "amene analemba buku" First Love ", mwatsatanetsatane sakufuna kulowerera. Pa nthawi imeneyo, maganizo a demokarasi, omwe Turgenev anali mmodzi mwa omverawo, adagonjetsedwa.In 1861 serf Ufulu unathetsedwa.Pakati pa mayiko onse a ku Ulaya, ku Russia mbiri yakale imeneyi inakhala yaitali kwambiri, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kusintha kwa Alexander II kunasinthidwa, komabe, zotsatira za katundu wolemera chotero Mu 1861, si abusa onse omwe anali okondwa za kumasulidwa ku ukapolo, osati mu 1861 okha, koma ambiri ankaganiza kuti ndi mbuye wawo omwe amakhala mosangalala kwambiri. Choncho, sitiyenera kufunsa funsoli: "Kodi osankhidwa amakono akusankhidwa kuchokera ku Russia?" Iye ndi wochokera kumeneko.