Kantalupu vwende: kulima, maonekedwe, chithunzi

Chipatso cha kantalupu ndi dzina la pachiyambi si wina monga bwenzi mtundu kuti mavwende onse. Iwo ali ndi maonekedwe chosiyana ndi mikwingwirima mauna pa khungu ndi kukula yaing'ono (15-20 masentimita awiri). Akukhulupirira kuti zomera za banja Cucurbitaceae anali woyamba zimagulitsidwa ku Armenia kwa Ulaya m'zaka za m'ma 15.

Kantalupu vwende unaperekedwa kwa mutu wa Mpingo wa Katolika ngati mchere ndi kudzikondweretsa. Ndi zosangalatsa Papa, ndipo adatuma ku malo ake Cantalupo (a boma mu Italy tsopano) mbewu zake kulima zina. Panopa, anthu ambiri nakulitsa chikhalidwe osati World Old, komanso Chatsopano.

mafotokozedwe

Izi zosiyanasiyana vwende ndi zimapezekanso zogulitsa pansi pa dzina la American, musk, Thai. mbewu lalikulu tsopano kukolola Thailand. Chomera ali ndi khalidwe zipatso chowulungika chonse mawonekedwe ndi khungu lakuda ndi wandiweyani ndi mtundu wa mauna. Vwende si yaitali kuposa masentimita 20, pafupifupi nyama - kuchokera zachikasu yowala mtundu lalanje, okoma, onunkhira.

mtengo mankhwala

Vwende kantalupu, wachikasu thupi lomwe n'ngwosayerekezeka fungo ndi wosakhwima amakambirana, ndi lofunika chakudya mankhwala. chipatso anatchuka chifukwa wokhutira mkulu wa asidi ascorbic, amene amakhudza opindulitsa pa chitetezo cha m'thupi komanso zimathandiza thupi kulimbana ndi tizilombo komanso matenda. Vwende ndi zabwino pamaso pa zakudya, monga kupezeka mu zamkati ake inosine kumathandiza mapangidwe mafuta ndi mafuta kudzikundikira, ndiponso kumalimbitsa tsitsi. Thai vwende (onani chithunzi pamwambapa) lili ndi chiwerengero carotene, ndi kupatsidwa folic acid, B mavitamini, CHIKWANGWANI.

Mu chakudya mankhwala zambiri ndi atsopano. Komanso, vwende zosiyanasiyana ntchito pokonza ndiwo zochuluka mchere, zipatso saladi masamba, kumadzazidwa kwa mikate, kupanikizana.

Chomera ndi kakang'ono, koma chokoma zipatso ndi chidwi osati mawu a kulima malonda, komanso kwa eni minda yaing'ono farmstead. Imeneyi ndi mtundu wa vwende, amene chimagwiritsidwa ndi bwinobwino kuphunzitsidwa lonse la kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, kuphatikizapo mu Russia.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa chikhalidwe

Choyamba ziyenera ananena kuti kantalupu vwende ndi kholo pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya wachibale European ndi pakati Asian. Culture angapo a makhalidwe abwino ndi kuipa towerengeka;

• A khalidwe coarse mauna chindiletsa akulimbana zipatso peel ku chinyezi owonjezera.
• Chomera mwangwiro yosayenera kwa dzinja yonyowa ndi ozizira.
• Kantalupu vwende zimapsa 2-3 mofulumira kuposa mitundu Asian.
• Zomera amakhala ndi kukana mkulu matenda monga powdery cinoni - chikwapu mavwende mu m'chilimwe mvula.
• Ukulu otsika kantalupu Asian congeners zochepa onunkhira, koma ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kukoma.
• Long si kusungidwa, kotero akulimbikitsidwa kudya pa masabata oyambirira 2-3 pambuyo deta kudzera miyezi 1-1,5 zipatso asiye kukopeka onse.

Kantalupu vwende: kukula

Akatswiri analangiza kusankha mbeu kupatukana malo ena. Kuyenera bwino linawala ndi kutenthetsa ndi dzuwa, popanda drafts aliyense ozizira ndi mphepo. The mulingo woyenera kwambiri pa nkhani imeneyi, otsetsereka kum'mwera kwa m'deralo. Thai vwende (chithunzi zipatso ankaimira m'nkhani) wakonda dothi kuwala, chinyezi wabwino ndi mpweya permeable, nakulitsa ndi sing'anga ndale anachita. Makamaka, organic kugwa oyamba (composted manyowa) palibe kukumba mwakuya kwambiri (30 cm) mu kuchuluka kwa 5-6 makilogalamu pa mita lalikulu. Bzalani chinyezi-wachikondi ndipo muyenera wodzaza ulimi wothirira mwadongosolo.

Kubzala vwende anagwira mwachindunji mu nthaka kapena mmera njira, wachiwiri yochezera chimake cha madera ozizira. The ankafika ikuchitika mwamsanga pamene nthaka umafunda bwino (+ 18 ° C).

Care vwende

Zomera ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri, ndi kukula chitha chabe nyakulima ozindikira komanso woyamba mtheradi. Kantalupu vwende wafunsira mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma ndizosowa kusamalira iwo onse chimodzimodzi. Ngati zonse mavwende, ndi wovuta kwambiri mlingo wa chinyontho m'nthaka, makamaka kwambiri louma ndi otentha nyengo.

M'chaka, mutabzala, mavwende ayenera kuphimba, ngati pali anaopsezedwa chisanu returnable. chisamaliro ena Kupalira, osaya kwambiri kumasula pambuyo kuthirira ndi feteleza kukonzekera mchere. Mu zipatso kucha afunika kuchita akalowa kuwateteza ku nthaka konyowa, monga ingathandize kuti lawola. Mu nyengo ya kukula yogwira mmera analimbikitsa feteleza ndi feteleza asafe, ndipo pambuyo maluwa ndi pa mapangidwe mavwende - phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Mwachindunji pa zipatso kucha analimbikitsa kuchepetsa kuthirira, kuti iwo kwambiri onunkhira ndi okoma.

Zosiyanasiyana kantalupu vwende

Panopa kantalupu vwende si monga otchuka monga zaka zingapo zapitazo, koma wamaluwa adakali zofufuzafufuza tsopano kenako anatchula za ntchito ya kukula. Komabe, ndi kuswana ntchito ndi mosalekeza. Zotsatirazi mitundu iwiri ndi zingamuthandize kwambiri.

• Iroquois - latsopano zosiyanasiyana za kantalupu East American. Zomera ndi amphamvu, ndi yaitali akulankhula mokalipa ndi mdima wobiriwira masamba lalikulu. pafupifupi yakucha. Zipatso bwino segmented ndi mauna akhakula kuti peel, chowulungika, kulemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 1.2-1.7. Shuga okhutira - 12-13%. Kusunga khalidwe mwachizolowezi kwa kantelope, kotero kutola zipatso ziyenera kuperekedwa nthawi, kupewa perespevaniya. Chomera ali ndi kukana mkulu matenda.
• Blondie - kalasi kusankha latsopano ndi makhalidwe abwino. kucha pafupifupi - 80-85 sdney kuyambira ndegeyo. Zophatikiza limabweretsa yodziwika French sortotipov Charentes, yodziwika ndi mkulu plasticity zachilengedwe, i.e. luso atengere zinthu nyengo, mlingo wa chinyezi, makhalidwe a dothi. Zomera ndi amphamvu, ndi yaitali Kasungu akulankhula mokalipa. Zipatso ang'ono, flattened kapena mawonekedwe chowulungika, masekeli 600 ga, simuli mauna khalidwe peel segmented. Bright lalanje thupi ali ndi zokoma kukoma ndi fungo. Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi muzu zowola.

Osanenapo mitundu ya kantalupu, amene analandira ambiri kwambiri mu 50s wa atumwi wotsiriza: Prescott mwachizolowezi, warty zitani-khungu, Achikamerlo, zabwino oyambirira English, Paris.