Kodi nyama ziwiri chambered mtima? Kapangidwe ndi makope

Magazi kayendedwe ka zimakhala mu thupi likusowa ngati mpope, ntchito imene amagwira ntchito minofu mtima. Mu zolengedwa losavuta moyo, monga mphutsi chordates, chiwindi ndi kwina, ndi kapangidwe ka m'thupi - chatsekedwa mphete. Nsomba ndi mtima ziwiri chambered kuti amakankhira magazi kudzera ziwiya magazi ziwalo zonse za thupi, napatsa iwo mwayi kwa mpweya, zakudya ndi kuwamasula ku kuwombola katundu, kuwalanditsa ku malo kuswana.

Monga makope anayamba

Mitsempha ya magazi - Kodi maziko a moyo zamoyo ambiri. Kukhala okhoza ntchito yake, magazi ayenera mosalekeza zimafala thupi lonse. Magawo chitukuko cha kachitidwe magazi bwino ndinawona pamene kuganizira dongosolo mtima nsomba, achule, zokwawa komanso mbalame.

1. Nsomba mwankhanzaku nyama ndi dongosolo chatsekedwa magazi. Ali ndi mtima ziwiri chambered ndipo makope umodzi.
2. Achule ndi zokwawa awiri kufalitsidwa, mtima wawo lagawidwa zipinda zitatu. The kuchotserapo ndi ng'ona.
3. Mu mbalame, anthu ndi ambiri nyama thupi kutulutsa magazi ukufanizidwa ndi anayi makamera, ndipo magazi dongosolo - mabwalo awiri.

Mapangano mtima minofu ndi magazi propels mwa mitsempha, amene anawagawa ziwiya ang'onoang'ono ndi yosayenera m'madera onse a thupi. Pambuyo, kupereka mpweya ndi zothandiza zinthu kale Mitsempha, amatchedwa mitsempha, ndi akubwereranso wabwino.

Kodi mtima ntchito nsomba

Nyama ndi mtima ziwiri chambered, zafala monga mwankhanzaku. Iwo oimira nsomba ndi amphibian mphutsi. Malinga ndi akatswiri kafukufuku amene anaphunzira chitukuko cha m'thupi, n'zoonekeratu kuti poyamba zonse anatenga thupi anapezeka ku nsomba. Izi mwankhanzaku ziwiri chambered mitima, anagonjera atrium ndi ventricle dongosolo valavu. mitsempha ya magazi ndipamene Bakuman bwalo, kuthamangitsa magazi venous.

Magazi mpope akamayendetsa capillaries a makutu kumene mpweya, nudzaza nsupa. Chotsatira ndi kugawa zake capillaries ili mu zimakhala thupi ndi machulukitsidwe awo ndi oxygen. Ndiye iye akupita kwa mitsempha popanda mpweya ndi udzabwerera kwa thumba mtima pa iwo.

kapangidwe

nsomba wosazindikira ziwiri chambered mtima, amene conventionally ogaŵikana zigawo zinayi:

• chigawo choyamba - ndi wosiyana, wotchedwa venous nkusani, amene ali ndi udindo kulandira magazi mpweya amene anapereka thupi;
• ndi gawo lachiwiri lili atrium ndi mavavu;
• gawo lachitatu otchedwa ventricle;
• ndi gawo lachinayi ndi kung'ambika phirilo ndi mavavu zingapo, zimene mapampu magazi mu msempha peritoneal.

Kamodzi magazi wasiya mtima, limayenda pa makutu, amene ladzala ndi mpweya ndi amalowa msempha msana, kwa amene anawagawira zimakhala thupi.

nsomba yapamwamba kuti zigawo zonse ayi ili pa mzere womwewo, koma mu mawonekedwe a kalata S, kumene zigawo ziwiri zapitazi ali pamwamba woyamba awiri. Chotero eg chibadidwe chichereŵechereŵe ndi Crossopterygii nsomba. oimira Bony amasiyana kukomoka infundibulum, amene zambiri anafotokoza monga gawo la msempha, osati minofu mtima.

Kufotokozera za Nsomba mtima

Poyerekeza lapadziko peresenti mtima nsomba yaing'ono ndi ofooka. Imatha kulemera zimasiyanasiyana 0,3 kwa 2.5% ya kulemera kwa thupi. Chifukwa ofooka kuchepetsa kuthamanga m'zotengera nazonso wofooka. Chifukwa makhalidwe a nsomba apulumuke pa nyengo nkhanza ndi icing lapansi. Panthawi imeneyi, mtima nsomba mabasi kumenyedwa, ndi pamene defrosting kuchepetsa makutu, ndipo magazi akuyamba kuzungulira kudutsa mu thupi, kubweretsa nsomba hibernation.

Ntchito imeneyi m'thupi chifukwa chakuti nsomba yopingasa moyo ndi moyo mu madzi, kotero palibe chifukwa kukankhira mpaka otaya magazi ndi kumenyana yokoka.

Features wa hematopoiesis nsomba

Mu thupi, nsomba amatha Maselo magazi ziwalo zingapo:

• makutu;
• ndi matumbo mucosa;
• epithelium ndi mtima ziwiya;
• impso ndi ndulu;
• Mitsempha;
• lymphoid ziwalo, zimakhala ndi kroveobrazuyuschimi anapanga pansi pa chivundikiro cha cranium lapansi.

magazi nsomba lili ndi maselo ofiira ndi phata pakati. Lero kudziwika dongosolo ankaimira magulu magazi 14.

Ndani wina ziwiri chambered mtima

Ndi kusintha kwa chinyama lapadziko moyo mitundu ndi mapangidwe mapapo awo, minofu ndi ziwiya wosinthika mtima. Zovuta gulu la nyama ndi mtima wa awiriwo chipinda anali lidzasinthidwa patatu ndi Quad. Kupanga yachiwiri kufalitsidwa, ndi minofu mtima kutulutsa anakhala osati venous koma wolumikizira magazi.

Monga umboni kuti ziweto ayamba moyo kuchokera mmadzi, asayansi kutsogolera magawo a kubalana wa achule, mphutsi zimene ziri ziwiri chambered mtima, ndi kachitidwe kawo magazi ndi chimodzimodzi nsomba.

Akuluakulu, akufotokozera mtima atatu chambered, woimiridwa ndi atria ziwiri ventricles. Achule ndi nyama yoyamba imene panali makope chachiwiri.

Mpweya magazi m'mapapo ndi khungu amasonkhana mu atrium kumanzere ndipo analekana ndi kugawa kuchokera kuyanjana ndi venous, amene alowa atrium bwino.

Tsatirani funso lokhudza zimene nyama ziwiri chambered mtima, tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti akuluakulu ngati thupi lili yekha nsomba ndi achule - mu gawo larval.