Kuchotsa Msonkhano Wachigawo

Msonkhano Wachigawo ndi ulamuliro wa ndale ku Russia, womwe unakhazikitsidwa mu 1917. Nthawi yoyamba ndi yomalizira inasonkhanitsidwa mu 1918 pofuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo. Chotsatira cha ntchito zake chinali mapeto a mgwirizano wamtendere, kupanga dziko, kuzindikira kuti Russia monga republic democracy, kuthetseratu ufumu. Komabe, sizinadziwe mphamvu za Soviet ndi malamulo ake ambiri.

Mu January 1918, a Bolshevik anabalalitsa Msonkhano Wachigawo.

Kwa oimira maphwando ambiri a nthawiyo, kulengedwa kwa bungwe la ndaleli kunakhazikitsidwa ndi kufunikira kuchotsa dziko la Russia. Msonkhano Wachigawo unapatsidwa ziyembekezo zapadera zokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa demokalase.

Kuphatikizanso, maphwando ambiri omwe ankapita patsogolo anafuna kuthana ndi vuto la kugawana kwa Russia ku nkhondo ndi mphamvu za dongosololi.

Komabe, chifukwa cha kugwa kwa ufumu, zomwe zinachitika mofulumira kwambiri, vuto lalikulu la ulamuliro wapamwamba linakhazikitsidwa m'dzikoli. Chotsatira chake, panali nkhondo yovuta pakati pa Government Provisional ndi Mphamvu Yaikulu kwa anthu a Soviets of Workers. Zonsezi zinayambitsa chisokonezo chonse mu chuma ndi ndale. Kusankhidwa ku Msonkhano Wachigawo unasinthidwa, zomwe zinawonjezera mkhalidwewo.

Malingana ndi mboni za zochitika, Russia panthawiyo kunali kulimbana ndi mphamvu "mosiyana", mwachitsanzo, Gulu lirilonse la ndale linayesetsa "kuchotsa" katundu wofuna kupanga zisankho pa mapewa a anthu ena.

Koma pamene anali a Bolshevik okha omwe adatenga ulamuliro wamphamvu, pafupifupi magulu ena onse anawatsutsa.

Izi zinali mkhalidwe wa ndale, womwe pamapeto pake unachititsa omwazikana pa Msonkhano Wachigawo.

Lenin sanagwirizane ndi chilengedwechi, chifukwa adawona kuti Republic of Soviets ndi boma labwino kwambiri. Cholengedwa cha chilengedwe chake chinamenyana ndi mphamvu zotsutsa ulamuliro wake wa Soviet.

Chotsatira cha Msonkhano Wachigawo, komanso njira ya chitukuko cha dzikoli, kudalira maphwando omwe angapambane nawo chisankho. A Bolsheviks pasadakhale anayamba kulingalira kuti angathe kuthetsa kukonza kwa Msonkhano Wachigawowu pokhapokha ngati zikanapangitsa zisankho zotsutsana ndi Soviet.

Chifukwa cha chisankho, a Bolshevik anali otsika kwa maphwando ambiri. Kuchokera mu November 1917 mpaka January 1918, ambiri anayesedwa kuti asiye msonkhano wa msonkhanowo panthawi yomwe adzalandira malamulo omwe angawatsimikizire ngati azondiwo atagonjetsa ulamuliro wa Soviet. Pa nthawiyi, maphwando ena adamenyera ntchito ya Msonkhano Wachigawo kuti uchitike.

Pomalizira pake, idayamba kugwira ntchito 5 (18 - malingana ndi kalembedwe katsopano) ka January 1918. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo a Bolsheviks ndi a Left SRs adachoka pamsonkhano, ndipo posakhalitsa adalengeza ntchito ya msonkhano wotsutsa. Motero, kufalikira kwa Msonkhano Wachigawo ukuchitika.

Pofuna kuteteza kukonzanso, m'chaka cha 1918 a Bolshevik adagwira anthu okhudzidwa kwambiri m'mipingo yotsutsa.

Chinthu china chimene chinachititsa kuti anthu ambiri ayankhepo ndi kupha atsogoleri awiri a chipani cha demokarasi - Shingarev ndi Kokoshkin. Izo zinachitika usiku wachisanu ndi chimodzi mpaka wachisanu ndi chiwiri cha Januwale.

Kufalikira kwa Msonkhano Wachigawo unali chifukwa chinanso chotsitsimutsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Mwina ndicho chifukwa chake mphamvu zogwira ntchito yabwino sizinatsutse Bolsheviks pamene chiwonongekocho chinachitika. M'mawu ena, maphwando odana ndi a Bolshevik ankayembekezera kuthetsa mphamvu ya Soviet mwa mphamvu.

Ambiri mwa mamembala a Msonkhano Wachigawo anagwidwa ndi kuwomberedwa ndi Mabolshevik mu 1918. Kuwonjezera apo, a Bolsheviks mwamsanga anatenga njira zina kuti alimbitse malo awo. Khoti Lonse la Russia la Ogwira Ntchito ndi Akunja linasonkhanitsidwa, lomwe linalengeza kuti dziko la Russian Soviet Republic linalengedwa, mfundo yowunikira dziko inavomerezedwa, ndipo Chidziwitso cha Ufulu wa Antchito chinavomerezedwa.