Kulima zomera zamasamba: mitundu ndi zinthu

Zomera zamasamba - lingaliro lodziwika bwino, lomwe lili ndi malire ovuta kwambiri. Iwo ali olimba kwambiri mu miyoyo yathu kuti ife sitiganiza nkomwe za chomwe iwo angakhoze kukhala nawo ndi kumene iwo anachokera. Polima cholinga chachikulu cha kulima kwawo ndiko kupeza masamba kumapeto.

Chiwerengero cha zomera za masamba

Zizindikiro zomwe mungasankhe zomera zamasamba, zambiri. Iwo amatha kusiyanitsa osati ndi zokhazokha zokha, komanso ndi kutalika kwa moyo, komanso zikhalidwe za kukula, nthawi yokolola, ndi zizindikiro zina zambiri. Komabe, zonsezi ziri zothandiza kwambiri kwa alimi, koma wogulitsa wamba amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi magawo a gawo lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa chakudya.

Ngakhale kuti masamba a zomera amawoneka mosiyana kwambiri poyamba, ali ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimawoneka kuti zikhoze kuzizindikiritsa iwo m'magulu. Chiwerengero cha ndiwo zamasamba sizothandiza kwa alimi okha, komanso kwa akatswiri ophikira, zogwirira ntchito asayansi, zomera.

Mitundu ya zomera

Chikhalidwe cha zomera (masamba), zitsanzo zomwe ambiri a ife tingabweretsemo kuchuluka kwa zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, zikhoza kusankhidwa malinga ndi kukhala a banja lina kapena gulu la zomera. M'dziko lathu, zamasamba zimakula makamaka zokhudzana ndi banja la nightshade, dzungu ndi nyemba. Komanso mungathe kukumana ndi nthumwi za cruciferous, amaryllis, udzu winawake wa udzu winawake ndi mare.

Ubwino wa botanical classification ndikuti umalola chikhalidwe cha zomera (ndiwo zamasamba) m'zosiyana zawo zonse kuti zikhale zofanana ndi mbewu zofanana, zomwe ziri zofunika pakulima. Komabe, kwa ogulitsa ntchitoyi ndizovuta kwambiri, monga alimi wamaluwa wamba.

Chiwerengero ndi nthawi ya moyo

Chigawo ichi chimakhala choyenera kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa omwe sadziwa mozama za botani. Malingana ndi kusiyana kumeneku, mtundu wa masamba umatanthawuza ngati chaka chimodzi, zaka ziwiri ndi zaka zambiri.

Zambiri zimakhala zosiyana chifukwa zimakhala ndi moyo kuyambira kumabzala ndi kumatha ndi mapangidwe a mbewu, zimachitika mkati mwa chaka chimodzi. Amaphatikizapo: mavwende, eggplant, mavwende, nkhaka, zukini, radish, etc. Ambiri mwa iwo amadziwika kwa ife kuyambira ubwana ndipo ali pa tebulo pafupifupi tsiku lililonse.

Zomera zabwino kwambiri m'chaka choyamba zokha zimatha kupangidwa, komanso ziwalo zowonjezera zomwe zakudya zina zimapezeka. Kenaka, pamene nyengo zakunja sizikhala zosasangalatsa, amalowa nthawi yotchedwa mpumulo. Koma m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo mbewu idayamba kupanga tsinde ndi maluwa, kenako zipatso zimapangidwa ndi kucha. Izi zikuphatikizapo: beets, anyezi, kabichi, kaloti, parsley ndi masamba ena ozoloŵera komanso ozoloŵera.

Zosatha sizinali zachilendo m'dziko lathu ndipo zimakula makamaka pang'onopang'ono. Zomera za chikhalidwe cha mitundu iyi m'chaka choyamba cha moyo zimangokhala mizu, masamba ndi impso. Koma ziwalo zawo zopindulitsa zimapanga makamaka m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Ambiri a iwo ndi njira zokhala ndi moyo zaka zitatu kapena zisanu. Zamoyo zosatha zimakhala zofanana ndi bizinesi kuti m'nyengo yozizira amalowa nthawi yopumula ndikuyamba kugawiranso mchere.

Zamoyo zosatha ndizo: adyo, atitchoku ya Yerusalemu, horseradish, katsitsumzukwa, sorelo, anyezi-batoon ndi ena ambiri. N'zosangalatsa kuti zaka zambiri zimatha kukulirakulira ngati zosatha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zobiriwira. Kupitanso patsogolo kumathenso. Mwachitsanzo, mu kasupe wautali ndi ozizira, kaloti ndi beets zingayambe kubereka zipatso chaka choyamba.

Chiwerengero ndi nthawi ya kukula ndi njira yakukula

Zomera zamasamba, zitsanzo za zomwe zikuperekedwa m'nkhani ino, zikhoza kukhazikitsidwa malinga ndi nthawi yomwe ikukula. Pankhani imeneyi, tikhoza kusiyanitsa mitundu yoyambirira, yapakati ndi yochedwa. Koma molingana ndi njira ya kukula, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: nthaka ndi wowonjezera kutentha-wowonjezera kutentha.

Ground masamba zomera cholinga cha kulima poyera pansi, koma wowonjezera kutentha-wowonjezera kutentha - kokha pofuna kukula mu greenhouses kapena greenhouses. Pankhaniyi, mungathe kulima ndiwo zamasamba ang'onoang'ono mu wowonjezera kutentha. Komabe, pakalipano, nthaka ikukula pang'ono kugwiritsidwa ntchito polima zomera mu greenhouses. Kawirikawiri, mizu ya zomera imayikidwa muyeso yapadera, yomwe ili ndi chisakanizo cha zakudya zofunika kwambiri. Koma pali lingaliro lakuti ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimakula motere sizothandiza chabe, koma ngakhale mosiyana - zingathe kuwononga thupi la munthu. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali imakhalabe masamba.

Chiwerengero cha moyo wa alumali ndi zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya

Kusiya kumatsimikizira kuthekera kwa masamba kusungidwa. Pankhaniyi, n'zotheka kusiyanitsa zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi malo opumula, komanso omwe alibe katundu.

Ndi gawo liti la zomera lomwe lingadye, magulu awiri akulu akhoza kusiyanitsidwa: zipatso, kapena zowonjezera zamasamba, ndi zamasamba. Gulu loyamba limaphatikizapo mbewu zambewu, mbewu za dzungu ndi nightshade. Koma kwachiwiri, mizu yokolola, tubers, bulbous, deciduous ndi kuthawa mbewu ndizofala kwa tonsefe.

Chigawo ichi ndi chabwino kwa ogulitsa, komanso ogulitsa masamba.

Zipatso masamba zomera

Chizindikiro chosiyana cha ndiwo zamasamba ndicho chomwe zipatso zawo ndi chipatso. Ena a iwo akhoza kuwapereka mu gawo la kuphulika kwazitsamba, ena - mu gawo la luso lopsa. Pano mungathe kukhala ndi mavwende okondedwa, tomato, mavwende, sikwashi, ndi ena ambiri. Mitengo iyi imayenera kupanga zinthu zoterezi zomwe zimayamba kuphulika mwamsanga ndikupanga zipatso. Pochita zimenezi, ziyenera kuchitidwa mosasamala kanthu momwe kuphulika kumawonekera mu zipatso zawo.

Mbali za kukula masamba zomera

Chikhalidwe cha zomera (masamba), zitsanzo za zomwe mungazipeze m'nkhani ino, komanso zodziwika bwino za kulima. Choyamba, tifunika kuzindikira kuti si malo otsiriza pano omwe akukonzekera malo. Asanayambe kukhazikitsidwa, muyenera kuyesa kuphunzira njira zaulimi za ndiwo zamasamba zomwe mukukonzekera pa tsamba lanu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa zamoyo kapena zomerazi zimathandizira kuti pakhale chofunikira kusankha masoka ndi nyengo kwa masamba ena. Mitengo ya masamba imakhala ndi chinthu chimodzi chofunika ku kulima: sangathe kubzala mbewu zomwezo kapena zowonjezera kwa zaka zambiri pamalo omwewo. Zina zofunika kuti kulima zisankhidwe mwachindunji, komanso momwe nthaka ikuyendera ndi kuchuluka kwa fetereza zofunika.

Kulemba kwa VI Edelstein

Wasayansi wa Soviet Edelstein anapanga mwapadera, omwe amachititsa kuti azigawanika zomera zamasamba osati kokha malinga ndi zamoyo, komanso machitidwe a agrotechnical. Malingana ndi chigawo ichi, titha kugawa masamba athu ku: kabichi, mizu ya mbewu, tuber, bulbous, zipatso, masamba, osatha komanso bowa.

Pa maphunziro onsewa, mabanja amasiyananso.

Chigawo chonse

Kawirikawiri, gululi ndi lovuta kutcha sayansi, zambiri zapangidwa makamaka kwa ogula. M'menemo, masamba samagawidwa ndi chizindikiro chilichonse, komabe, mitundu imeneyi ndi yosiyana: mitengo ya tubers, mbewu zowamba, zomera za rhizome, kabichi, masamba, zokometsera, bulbous, phwetekere, dzungu, nyemba, nyemba, chakudya. Koma chinanazi, kwa aliyense kudabwa, asayansi sanadziwebe zamasamba kapena zipatso.