Kodi mungakule bwanji mafuta?

Tonsefe tikudziwa kuti n'zotheka kukula agarics, uchi wa oyster, maluwa kuti azigwiritsira ntchito komanso kugulitsa. Nanga bwanji za bowa wamapiri : white, chanterelles, birch mitengo ndi ena? Pambuyo pake, iwo ndi mycorrhizal, ndiko kuti, sangathe kukhalanso okhaokha, popanda mtengo wamba ndi mtengo wapamwamba. Kwa ulemu wa wamaluwa wamaluwa, njira zingapo za kulima bowa wa nkhalango pa malo omwe alimi alimi ndi munda wamunda wapangidwa. M'nkhaniyi, tidzakambirana za kugonjetsa kokhazikika kwa bowa wambiri, zokoma za bowa zoyenera kukwera, kuyaka ndi kukonzekera msuzi.

Nthano yochepa. Liwu lakuti "mycorrhiza" limapangidwa kuchokera ku mawu awiri achi Greek, "myco" ndi bowa ndi "riza" ndilo muzu, ndipo limasonyeza ubale wothandizana (pakati pothandiza) pakati pa mizu ya zomera ndi bowa. Gribokoren imalimbikitsa kubweretsa zakudya ku mizu, imapangitsa kuti chonde chikhale chonde - symbiota, imachepetsanso kuchepetsa nkhawa pa nthawi ya chilala, kusowa kwa zochitika. Ndicho chifukwa chake mtengo umalimbikitsa mycelium kukula ndikupanga matupi amtundu wokha pa vuto la kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi, ndipo nthawi zambiri mumakhala bowa pansi pa mitengo yomwe imakula pamtunda m'malo mwa dothi lachonde. Mitengo ya nkhalango zambiri zimapanga mycorrhizas ndi mitundu ina ya mitengo, mwachitsanzo, bowa zoyera zimakhazikika pafupi ndi maluwa, birchi ndi mapiritsi, koma oleaginas (oleo, mafuta butter, Masenik - mayina ena) ndi osankha kwambiri ndipo amakhala pafupi ndi mapiritsi, makamaka achinyamata.

Pali njira ziwiri zowonjezera mafuta.

1. Choyamba, muyenera kukula mitengo ya pine m'munda. Pofuna kukonzekera zokolola muyenera kubweretsa batala watsopano mu nkhalango . Mafuta ayenera kucha, ngakhale kucha. Ndiyeno osankha bowa omwe amadziwa bwino amapereka njira zambiri zomwe mungasankhe kuchokera:

• M'nyengo yophukira, sulani zipewazo muzidutswa tating'ono ndikuziwaza mu nthaka yosungunuka bwino pamtengo, kuziphimba ndi singano zakugwa, ngati sabata silingakwanitse, sabata lisanayambe kufesa spore mukhoza kukonzekera "mtsamiro" kuchokera ku udzu wokazinga kapena wophika;
• Monga mwasankha, mutha kutsanulira nthaka kuzungulira mtengo ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa bowa wouma pamodzi ndi kuwonjezera ufa wa ufa ndi gelatin (pa chidebe supuni 1);
• Njira yachitatu yokonzekera kuyimitsidwa ndiyo yovuta kwambiri, komanso yothandiza kwambiri. Choyamba, muyenera kupatulira chingwe cha granular ndi spores, pogaya ndi kuchiyika mu mbale ndi madzi (1-2 malita a osakaniza pa 10 malita a madzi); Chachiwiri, ngati chokukulira choonjezera chimapanga 15 magalamu a yisiti yowuma, ndiye mupite kukaumiriza milungu iwiri. Mikangano pa nthawi ino idzakhazikika pansi. Kenaka muyenera kuthira madzi ndi zinyalala, ndikutsanulirani dothilo m'dekha. Nkhumba yopatsa moyo yomwe imapatsa moyo imakonzeka kufesa chaka chimodzi kuchokera nthawi yokonzekera. Musanayambe kutsanulira madzi ndi spores pansi pa mitengo, iyenera kuchepetsedwa 1: 100 ndi madzi. Kenaka mokoma ndi mopanda mantha, kupyolera madzi okwanira, kutsanulira bwino nthaka yothira pansi pa mapaini, njira yabwino yochitira izi m'nyengo yamvula.

2. Ngati mulibe mitengo yabwino pamtengowu, yang'anani m'nkhalango kwa mapaini awiri (pafupifupi mamita imodzi kukula) ndi bowa wambiri wochuluka mozungulira (pamapeto pake pasakhale bowa wotsitsimanga wa mokury wa chikasu) ndipo mubwere nawo pamodzi ndi mycelium m'dzinja.

Kuti mizu ya bowa ipangidwe kapena kukhazikika pamalo atsopano, muyenera kupanga malo abwino kwambiri a mycelium. Kumwa madzi nthawi zonse ndikofunika ngati mukukula bowa ngati mafuta. Mtundu wa buttercup umamera kuthengo pakati pa udzu, kotero yesani kubwezeretsanso pansi pa mitengo ya paini malo omwe amawoneka ngati achilengedwe. Muyenera kufesa zitsamba ndi kudzala zitsamba.

Bowa ayenera kuyamba kubala chipatso kwa chaka chachiwiri mutabzala: amicably ndi sporodically, ndipo kangapo pa nyengo mudzakondwera ndi batala. Bwalgakk m'miyala yokhayokha sinali nyongolotsi, yomwe imakhala yosangalatsa kwambiri. Malo omwe ali ndi mycelium ayenera kumangidwanso kuti asapondedwe. Nkhumba zimakula bwino nthawi ya mvula, kotero pamene zipatso zimapezeka, mungathe kutsanzira mvula yachilengedwe yomwe imakhala yowawitsa madzi osakhala ozizira. Inde, kulima kwaukhondo m'munda wamtunda ndi 100% chifukwa chakuti tebulo nthawi zonse imabweretsanso bowa mwatsopano. Choncho, ngati kukula kwa malo a munda kumalola, kulimbikitsa kulima nkhalango - musadandaule!