Kum'mawa Siberia: mchere ndi mpumulo

Kum'mawa Siberia ali m'gawo lalikulu ku Yenisey ku Pacific Ocean. Ndi wotchuka chifukwa kwambiri zachilengedwe ndi mchere. Features wa mpumulo ndi kapangidwe Geological a m'dera mwaisandutsa ngati chinthu chofunika kwambiri pankhani. chuma mchere wa kum'mawa Siberia - izo si mafuta, malasha ndi chitsulo miyala. Amalima mbali yaikulu ya golide Russian ndi diamondi, ndiponso zitsulo zamtengo wapatali. Komanso, dera ili pafupi theka la chuma nkhalango dziko.

kum'mawa Siberia

Mchere - si chinthu chokha m'derali. Kum'mawa Siberia chimakwirira kudera la makilomita lalikulu kuposa 7 miliyoni, mlandu kota ya Russia. Iwo umachokera ku Yenisei Mtsinje chigwa ku m'mapiri pa Pacific gombe. Mu kumpoto derali m'mphepete mwa nyanja Arctic ndi kumwera - ndi Mongolia ndi China.

Ku East Siberia amatanthauza si choncho m'madera ambiri ndi m'midzi, onse mu gawo European la Russia, chifukwa malowa ali ndi maganizo kumene kulibe anthu ambiri. Nawa yaikulu m'dziko kudzera dera la Chita ndi Irkutsk zigawo ndi Krasnoyarsk ndi Trans-Baikal Gawo. Kuwonjezera kum'mawa Siberia ndi yoyenda yokha Republic of Yakutia, Tuva ndi Buryatia.

Kum'mawa Siberia: mpumulo ndi mchere

The zosiyanasiyana kapangidwe Geological derali anafotokoza chuma cha zinthu zake zachilengedwe. Chifukwa cha nambala yawo ikuluikulu, minda ambiri ngakhale ankafufuza. Kodi mchere wolemera kum'mawa Siberia? Sizoti malasha, mafuta ndi chitsulo miyala. The dera wolemera nkhokwe kuya kugona faifi tambala, kutsogolera, tini zotayidwa ndi miyala ina, komanso zofunikira mu makampani a miyala nyanja. Komanso, ndi East Siberia ndi katundu yaikulu ya golide ndi diamondi.

Izi zingathe kufotokozedwa ndi peculiarities wa mpumulo ndi kapangidwe Geological derali. Kum'mawa Siberia lili nsanja wakale Siberia. Ndipo ambiri a m'gawo la dera ali ku Central Siberia Plateau, kukwezeka pamwamba pa nyanja ku 500 1700 m. Maziko a nsanja iyi ndi wakale crystalline miyala, amene zaka umalandira zaka 4 miliyoni. Kenako wosanjikiza - matope. Iye alternates ndi thanthwe igneous popangidwa ndi kuphulitsa mapiri. Choncho, thandizo la kum'mawa Siberia lopinda sitepe. Lili mapiri ambiri, zitunda zathyathyathya, masitepe, chakuya zigwa za mitsinje.

Chotero zosiyanasiyana njira miyala, mosinthana tectonic, nyanja ndi miyala igneous, ndipo zinachititsa kuti chuma cha zinthu zothandiza kum'mawa Siberia. Table amalola kuti tipeze amapangidwa chuma pano kuposa m'madera oyandikana nawo.

nkhokwe malasha

Chifukwa njira za miyala kuchokera nthawi ya Paleozoic ndi Mesozoic, m'madera otsika a m'mbali mwa dera ili yaikulu madipoziti malasha chuma Russian mchere mu Western ndi kum'mawa Siberia. Izi Lena ndi Tunguska mabeseni. Zazing'ono madipoziti kwambiri. Ngakhale malasha iwo zochepa, koma iwo alinso zingamuthandize. Izi Kama-Achinsk ndi Kolyma-Indigirskogo m'madamu, Irkutsk, Minusinsk, South Yakutian madipoziti.

Malasha nkhokwe ku East Siberia nkhani 80% malasha onse ncho mu Russia. Koma ambiri amaika pakuwonekera kwake ndi zovuta kupanga chifukwa cha nkhanza nyengo ya dera ndi zimachititsa chilumbachi.

Chitsulo ndi mkuwa ores

Mchere zikuluzikulu kum'mawa Siberia - ndi zitsulo. madipoziti awo amapezeka miyala amakezana, ngakhale Precambrian nthawi. Koposa zonse m'chigawo cha hematite ndi magnetite. madipoziti zawo zili kumwera kwa dera Yakutsk, mu beseni wa miyala Tunguska, mu Yenisei Ridge, komanso pa Mtsinje Angara mu Khakassia, Tuva ndi Transbaikalia.

Large madipoziti miyala ndi Korshunov ndi Abakan. Ambiri a iwo mu malo Angara-Pitskom. Nawa anaikira 10% ya Russian nkhokwe zonse chitsulo miyala. M'dera Trans-Baikal ndi kumpoto kwa dera palinso madipoziti lalikulu malata, ores ndiponso zitsulo zamtengo wapatali.

m'dera Norilsk amadziwika madipoziti yaikulu ya mkuwa faifi tambala ores. Pali kutulutsa pafupifupi 40% Russian mkuwa ndi 80% faifi tambala. Komanso, pali zambiri cobalt, palinso pulatinamu, siliva, tellurium, selenium ndi zinthu zina. Kwina yotengedwa mkuwa, Mercury, manganese, antimony. Pali madipoziti lalikulu bauxite.

Non-zachitsulo mchere

dziko lathu padziko lonse lapansi katundu gasi, mafuta kwambiri amapangidwa pano. Ndi katundu woyamba wa mchere - miyala ya kum'mawa Siberia. Komanso, njira Geological zinachititsa kuti maonekedwe a madipoziti wolemera nyanja miyala.

• Kum'mawa Siberia amapereka mbali yaikulu ya mafuta Russian. Chifukwa amapangidwa makamaka Krasnoyarsk Gawo. Iwo anali apeza ngati munda latsopano malire chapamwamba za Lena Mtsinje. Kutheka kwa mafuta kupanga mu Vilyuiskaya beseni komanso kum'mawa kwa Tunguska maganizo.
• Nedra dera wolemera miyala ya gasi. Iwo kalekale TAAs ndi munda kasamalidwe-Timusskoe pafupi m'kamwa mwa mtsinje Viluy.
• Chifukwa kukhalapo kalelo zdas nyanja osaya, mchere wamba kum'mawa Siberia ndi thanthwe mchere. Makamaka zambiri za izo mu mabeseni a mitsinje Lena ndi Viluy, mu malire chapamwamba wa Angara. Koma minda amphamvu kwambiri zili Nordics.
• chigawo Noginsk lili madipoziti dziko lonse graphite. munda waukulu izo - Kureiskaya.
• Nedra pafupi Aldan mitsinje ndi Moms wolemera Mica.
• Yopangidwa munda chuma mchere kum'mawa Siberia, monga talc, magnesite, asibesitosi, gypsum, kaolin wa, ndi ena ambiri.

Gold ndi diamondi kum'mawa Siberia

Chitsulo chabwinocho kwambiri ncho m'zaka pafupifupi chachiwiri. minda Old ndi Bodaibo m'dera Irkutsk. Olemera Khalidwe ndi zakwawoko miyala ya golide ndi m'madera Aldan, Jansky, Allah-Yunskom. Ife anayamba angoyamba mtsukowo mu Yenisei Ridge, pansi Minussinskom ndi kum'mawa Transbaikalia.

Chifukwa njira yapadera Geological zikuchitika m'dera lino m'nyengo Mesozoic, labala pano tsopano kwambiri ya diamondi. Russia yaikulu gawo ili mu Western Yakutia. Iwo amapangidwa kuchokera diatremes otchedwa wodzazidwa ndi kimberlites. Aliyense ngati "kuphulika chubu" imene diamondi zimapezeka, ngakhale dzina lake. Wotchuka ndi "Mwayi-East", "The World" ndi "Aikhal".

zachilengedwe

Zovuta zimachititsa chilumbachi derali, ambiri chimanga chosakhwima malo yokutidwa nayonso nkhalango, kupereka chuma zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chakuti pali zimachitika kwambiri zonse loyenda mtsinje mu Russia, dera anapereka hydropower wotsika ndi wochezeka. Mitsinje achuma nsomba, nkhalango ozungulira - nyama ubweya, amene sable kwambiri wapatali. Koma chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri anayamba kusokoneza chikhalidwe, mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera zikutha. Choncho, m'chigawo analenga zaposachedwapa zambiri nkhokwe ndi zinyama kusamala zachilengedwe.

M'madera olemera

Kum'mawa Siberia ali pafupifupi kotala ya m'dziko la Russia. Koma anthu ena amakhala kuno osati kwambiri. M'madera ena, kwa 1 munthu makilomita oposa 100 lalikulu. Koma Siberia East ali wolemera kwambiri mchere ndi zachilengedwe. Ngakhale dera amafalitsidwa omangidwa.

• Olemera mu mawu zachuma ndi Yenisei Mtsinje beseni. Pali Krasnoyarsk, amene anaikira oposa theka a anthu a kum'mawa Siberia. Kuchuluka kwa malo kwa mchere, masoka ndi madzi chuma zachititsa kuti chitukuko yogwira mafakitale.
• Chuma ili malire chapamwamba wa Angara Mtsinje, anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito cha m'ma 20. Apa anapeza lalikulu kwambiri polymetallic gawo. Koma nkhokwe chitsulo miyala ndi yaikulu. Amalima zabwino magnesite Russian ambiri monga antimony, bauxite, nepheline, shale. Miyala ya dongo, mchenga, miyala ndi talc.
• chuma wolemera ali Evenkia. Apa mu Tunguska beseni wotere mchere kum'mawa Siberia monga malasha ndi lignite. Mu Noginsk gawo ncho apamwamba graphite. Kuyambira madipoziti isslandskogo spar.
• Khakassia - wina dera wolemera. Amalima kotala ya East Siberia malasha, onse zitsulo. Pambuyo wanga Abakan ili Khakassia, ndi lalikulu ndi wamkulu m'chigawochi. Pali golide, mkuwa, kwambiri zipangizo yomanga.
• Mmodzi wa olemera malo mu dziko - ndi Trans-Baikal. Nawa ncho makamaka zitsulo. Mwachitsanzo, Udokan akukamba mkuwa miyala Onon - tungsten, ndi Sherlokogonskoe Tarbaldzheyskoe - malata ndi Shakhtama ndi Zhrikenskoe - molybdenum. Komanso, dera Trans-Baikal umabala kwambiri za golide.
• A zakuya madipoziti mchere kum'mawa Siberia ndi Yakutia. Ngakhale pambuyo zisinthe amenewa anayamba gawo la thanthwe mchere, malasha ndi zitsulo. Pali wolemera miyala ya zitsulo sanali akakhala, Mica. Komanso, ali Yakutia anapeza madipoziti za golide ndi diamondi.

Mavuto a mchere

Chachikulu, nthawi zambiri unexplored malire a dera amatsogolera chakuti ambiri a zinthu zake zachilengedwe si ntchito. Pali oche- anthu osalimba, chifukwa kwenikweni anayamba zingamuthandize miyala ya zachilengedwe kum'mawa Siberia kumene anthu. Ndithudi, kusowa misewu m'dera lalikulu ndi kutali pakati amathandiza chakuti chitukuko cha madipoziti m'madera akumidzi si kopindulitsa. Komanso mbali yaikulu ya kum'mawa Siberia ili mu zone Madzi oundana. A nyengo zikuchepa chokhala kumalepheretsa chitukuko zachilengedwe mu mpumulo wa gawo.

North-East Siberia ndi Far East

Chifukwa zimachititsa chilumbachi ndi nyengo, chuma mchere wa North-East Siberia sali choncho wolemera. Nawa nkhalango ochepa, makamaka Titafika pamalo ndi kozizira chipululu. Ambiri a ulamuliro wa Merlot wosatha ndi chaka kutentha wozungulira otsika. Choncho, mchere wa North-East Siberia, osati katswiri. Iwo makamaka atamupopa malasha, komanso zitsulo - vollfram, cobalt, tini Mercury, molybdenum ndi golide.

The m'madera ambiri a kum'mawa ndi kumpoto kwa Siberia a Far East. Derali lili analinso wolemera, koma koposa populata chifukwa moyandikana ndi nyanja ndi wofatsa nyengo. chuma mchere wa kum'mawa Siberia ndi Far East ali ofanana. Palinso kwambiri ya diamondi, golide, tungsten, ndi zitsulo zina sanali akakhala, ncho Mercury, sulfure, graphite, Mica. M'dera limeneli ili madipoziti wachuma wa mafuta, malasha ndiponso gasi.