Lysosome: kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya organelles selo

Pakati zosiyanasiyana nyumba ma, ndondomeko mmodzi yekha angathe wothandizila enzymatic pogawanikana pamawere. Iwo lysosome. Kapangidwe ndi ntchito, makamaka malo ake mu osiyanasiyana minofu ayankhidwa mu nkhani ino.

Lysosome: kapangidwe ndi ntchito

Mawu "lysis" latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku njira Greek "kuvunda". Ndipo ndi mwandondomeko mtheradi analanda akamanena za organelles kopita selo. Lysosomes ali tosaoneka vesicles, zambiri spherically zooneka. awiri awo sadzachitanso makulidwe a 100-180 nm. Kunja, amacheza ndi Kakhungu. Mkati monga michere hydrolytic, zomwe ndi malo acidic. zinthu zachilengedwe ndi kwachilengedwenso catalysts. Iwo kufulumizitsa zosiyanasiyana zimachitikira, koma simuli mbali ya malonda awo. Masomphenya lysosome - dongosolo maukonde ndi ntchito za amene subordinated kuti ntchito yaikulu - ndi akuwaza maselo kwa mankhwala.

lysosomes Location

Kupezeka kwa maselo lysosome wa sayansi Belgium ndi zamoyo Christian de Dyuvu. Ndipo mwambo umenewu kunayamba mu 1955. Pambuyo wasayansi anaphunzira mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo ndi ntchito ya lysosomes maselo. Malinga ndi kafukufuku awa, enzyme organelles maselo anakonza zonse zamoyo eukaryotic, zomera, nyama ndi bowa. Koma akanika prokaryotic ali kwina, kotero iwo sangathe phagocytosis ndi okhudza maselo ambiri chimbudzi cha zinthu.

Anthu a maufumu osiyanasiyana achilengedwe chiwerengero cha nyumba deta zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri. Mu zamoyo zomera ndi bowa ndi zimagwirira ntchito ndi lysosomes anatomically ndi vacuoles, kotero zambiri iwo ali mmodzi. Koma maselo nyama, chiwerengero chawo akhoza kufika manambala zikwi zingapo. Mulimonsemo, kuchuluka kwawo musalumphe peresenti asanu chonse pamodzi. Mwa njira, monga anakhazikitsa chakuti m'thupi zimakhala nyama lysosomes ndi kwina okha maselo ofiira - maselo ofiira.

Limagwirira wa lysosomes ndi

Lysosome, kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya amene amalola kuti chimbudzi okhudza maselo ambiri, amatha izi mu njira zingapo, malingana ndi mtundu wake. Ena mwa iwo kuphatikiza ndi phage ndi pinocytosis vesicles ndi pamodzi kupanga m'mimba vacuole. Ntchito yawo yeniyeni. Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi okhudza maselo ambiri zinthu, mwachitsanzo selo zakudya.

mtundu wina wa lysosomes akutumikira kuchotsa maselo akufa organelles, maselo akutali, ngakhale minofu zidutswa. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti organelles izi kuwononga matupi larval magawo a nyama monga makutu ndi michira ya tadpoles achule. mtundu wina wa lysosomes kuti tifike padziko Kakhungu, ndi wozengereza kuchotsa michere yekha ndi extracellular chimbudzi.

Kutanthauza mosiyanasiyana enzymatic

Kodi kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya lysosomes, ife kale anachita nawo. Koma kufunika ndi njira imene organelles izi maselo ndi zamoyo monga lonse? Anapanga pa nembanemba wa ku Golgi zida ndi a reticulum endoplasmic, iwo anapanga kwa thovu yaikulu. Ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba, michere ali iwo ali wofooka.

Ndi kutsitsa acidity za chilengedwe, zinthu zimasintha. Michere timagwira ntchito ndi kuyamba mwachangu kugwira ntchito zawo. Iwo kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi particles, ndi nyumba zosafunika amene anakwaniritsidwa kale ntchito yawo. Ngati izi sizichitika, selo chabe anatembenukira kwa yosungirako zinyalala. Nthawi zina thupi likusowa selo kudziletsa chimbudzi, amene n'kogwiritsa kuwonongedwa kwake. Komabe, ndondomeko zimenezi zili zoyenera ndithu ndi zofunika. Mwachitsanzo, imfa ya maselo namchidwe mchira pa siteji ya kusinthika ake mu chule. Choncho zinthu anapanga pa ndondomeko angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi maselo ena. Choncho, ntchito anachita ndi lysosomes, koyenera kuti uziyenda yachibadwa maselo munthu ndipo lonse chamoyo.

Lysosome, kapangidwe ndi ntchito zimene ife m'nkhani wathu odnomembrannoy organelle maselo a zamoyo prokaryotic. Iwo anamaliza vesicles munali michere angathe anadziphatika mankhwala zovuta.