Maphunziro ku France: machitidwe, maimidwe, maonekedwe ndi ndemanga

Achinyamata ambiri amangofuna maphunziro ku France. Ngati muli pakati pawo kapena mukukhudzidwa ndi nkhaniyi, mvetserani nkhaniyi. Mmenemo, tidzakudziwitsani mmene maphunziro amaphunzitsira ku France, ndipo ndi maphunziro ati omwe wophunzira amaphunzira.

Zakale za mbiriyakale

Pakalipano, ophunzira ndi ophunzira ambiri amasankha kulandira maphunziro ku France. Mayiko a ku Europe amapereka kwa onse omwe ali ofunika komanso, chofunika kwambiri, maphunziro osakwera mtengo. Kuti apeze zizindikiro zapamwamba, boma linapita kutali, lomwe linatenga zaka zoposa zana. Mayendedwe otchuka otchedwa "Ferry Lawws", omwe amaperekedwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, ankafuna kuti nzika ziziphunzira mozama kuyambira 6 mpaka 12. Gawo lotsatirali pakukula kwa dongosololi linali makumi asanu ndi limodzi a zaka za zana la makumi awiri. Panthawi imeneyo boma linatenga ndondomeko zothandiza kuti dziko lifike pamapeto pa maphunziro. France anayenera kuphunzitsa maphunziro opanikizika a ana a zaka zapakati pa 16, kukhazikitsa sukulu yachinyamata ndi yachiwiri (koleji, lyceum kapena koleji yunivesite). Kenaka, tikukonzekera kufufuza mosamalitsa mbali zonse za maphunziro ku France.

Maphunziro a kusukulu

French kindergartens akudikirira ana m'makoma awo kuyambira zaka ziwiri mpaka zisanu. Makolo ambiri amakono amasankha kumasula ana a sukulu kuyambira ali ndi zaka zitatu, ngakhale kuti kukhalabe kumeneko sikukakamizidwa. Pano ndikufuna ndikuuzeni zambiri za chitukuko cha maphunziro ku France. Choyamba chakale chakumtunda m'dziko lino chinawonekera kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, ndipo kale kumayambiriro kwa 19 dongosolo lonse likuwoneka ndipo likugwira ntchito mwakhama. M'mizinda yayikulu yamagetsi ankagwiritsa ntchito zikondwerero za osauka komanso ana a antchito. Mphunzitsi wotchuka Polina Kergomar wapereka chithandizo chachikulu ku maphunziro a sukulu ku France. Ndi iye yemwe adapereka kuphunzitsa ana a sukulu mwa kusewera njira ndi kuthetsa chilango chachinyengo. Chifukwa cha "School of Mother", yomwe inakhazikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, idakhala yotchuka kwambiri ndipo ikugwirabe ntchito m'mizinda yonse ya dzikoli. Chifaniziro ichi cha Russian kindergartens chili ndi maphunziro awa:

• Ana mpaka zaka zinayi okha amasewera.
• Kufikira zaka zisanu zophunzira pakujambula, kusonyeza chitsanzo, kukonza zolankhula zamalankhula ndi kuyankhulana.
• Gulu la zaka zapitazo liri zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Pano, ana akukonzekera kusukulu, akudziwa nkhani, kuwerenga ndi kulemba.

Nthawi zina amatsutsa za masukulu a amayi, omwe amanena kuti malamulowo ndi ovuta kwambiri. Komabe, akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti a French suergartens amapatsa ana bwino kukonzekera sukulu - imodzi yabwino mu Europe.

Maphunziro apamwamba ku France

Ana omwe afika zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, amapita ku koleji, kumene amaphunzira nawo pulogalamu yomweyo. Ana amalephera kuwerenga, kuwerenga ndi kuwerenga. Komanso onse amaphunzira chinenero china ndikusintha chinenero chawo m'chinenero chawo. Mu kalasi yachitatu, ophunzira amaphunzira mayeso ndikulandira diploma.

Maphunziro apamwamba

Ali ndi zaka 11, ana angathe kusankha njira yawo yamtsogolo - alowetse lyceum yeniyeni, kukhala luso kapena luso la lyceum. Chotsatirachi chimaphatikizapo maphunziro a zaka ziwiri (monga sukulu yapamwamba m'dziko lathu), pambuyo pake chikalata chakumaliza chimaperekedwa. Komabe, pakali pano wophunzira alibe ufulu wolandira maphunziro apamwamba, mosiyana ndi milandu yoyamba iwiri. Mapeto a lyceum onse amalola kulowetsa yunivesite iliyonse, pambuyo pa sukulu yamakono, kuti apitirize kuphunzira pazochita zawo.

M'dzikoli mulibe boma, komanso sukulu zapadera. Palinso sukulu zapamwamba. M'maboma a boma, maphunziro samasulidwa (mabuku okha ndi omwe ayenera kugulidwa okha) ndipo kumeneko simungagwiritse ntchito nzika za ku France okha, komanso kwa alendo. Komabe, nkofunika kupititsa mayesero kuti adziwe chilankhulochi, kuyankhulana ndi mawu olembedwa ndi kulemba kalata yolimbikitsa. M'sukulu zapadera, alendo amachotsedwa popanda vuto ngati akudziwa Chifalansa pamlingo waukulu.

Maphunziro apamwamba ku France

Aliyense angaphunzire maphunziro apamwamba, koma wophunzira wamtsogolo ayenera kukhala ndi digiri ya bachelor, imene wophunzira aliyense wa Lyceum amalandira. Ndiye ayenera kusankha mtundu wa maphunziro omwe akufuna kulandira. Mukhoza kuyenda ulendo waufupi ndipo zaka ziwiri mukhale katswiri wodziwika bwino pa ntchito kapena makampani. Ubwino wa njirayi ndi kupulumutsa nthawi komanso mwayi wogwira ntchito mwamsanga. Aliyense amene amakonda maphunziro a nthawi yayitali (ndipo izi zikuchokera zaka zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu), atatha maphunziro awo, angathe kuitanitsa ntchito yowonjezera kwambiri pamtunda wotchuka.

Maunivesite

Maphunziro a ku France apangidwa m'njira yoti aliyense athe kupeza ntchito kwaulere. Ngakhale alendo angalowe m'sukulu izi ngati apambana mayeso a chinenero ndikupemphani. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mayunivesiti apamwamba kwambiri ndiwo omwe amaphunzitsa ntchito ya dokotala, loya, mphunzitsi ndi mtolankhani. M'mayunivesites ambiri, boma likulipira mipando 30%, ndipo ophunzira ena onse ayenera kulipira malipiro olowera (kuyambira 150 mpaka 500 euros). Komabe, ambiri amasangalala ndi zikhalidwe zimenezi, popeza ophunzira ali ndi ufulu wophunzira, zomwe zili pafupifupi madola 100 pa mwezi. Masunivesite apadera amachokera kwa ophunzira kulipira ndalama zokwana 10,000 mpaka 20,000 euros pachaka (malingana ndi apadera omwe asankhidwa).

Sukulu Zapamwamba

Maphunziro apamwamba ku France angapezeke m'masukulu apamwamba apamwamba, komabe, kuti mulandire mwayi wotere, mudzayenera kupambana mayeso aakulu. Ena a iwo amavomereza ophunzira okha omwe atha maphunziro apamwamba ku yunivesite. Kuphunzira ku sukulu yoteroyo kumatengedwa kuti ndi kolemekezeka, monga omaliza maphunziro amatsimikiziridwa ntchito ndi malipiro apamwamba. Ophunzira ena amalandira maphunziro kuchokera ku boma, monga iwo ali aphunzitsi a m'tsogolomu, ankhondo, anthu ogwira ntchito zamatchalitchi komanso azandale.

Sukulu za Zinenero

Ngati mwasankha kuphunzira Chifalansa, ndiye kuti sukulu zotchedwa zinenero zidzakuthandizani. Mukhoza kufika kuti muphunzitse masiku asanu ndi awiri, koma nthawi yayitali ya maphunziroyo ndi kuchokera masabata awiri mpaka anayi. Anthu omwe ali ndi luso lachilankhulo akhoza kuphunzira pano - pulayimale, zoyambirira kapena zam'tsogolo. Kubatizidwa mu chilankhulidwe cha chilankhulo kumatsimikizira zotsatira zabwino kwa onse. Komanso palinso maphunziro a akatswiri ochepa ngati madokotala, mabungwe amilandu, ogwira ntchito ogulitsa maulendo. Ophunzira ambiri amaphatikizapo maphunziro apaderawa ku France ndi maphunziro odyetsera, kusukulu komanso zosangalatsa zambiri. Ophunzira amathera maola 20 kapena 30 pa sabata, ndipo ndalama zambiri pa sabata ndi 300 euro.

Mayankho ochokera kwa ophunzira a ku Russia

Chaka chilichonse, ophunzira ambiri akunja amabwera kudzikoli kukaphunzira maphunziro a ku France padziko lonse. France, ambiri, sasamala yemwe amakhala wophunzira - mlendo kapena nzika zakunja. Choncho, anthu a ku Russia amakonda kukonzekera mayeso, kuphunzira chilankhulidwe chawo ndikupempha maphunziro nthawi imodzi m'masukulu angapo. Othandizira athu amasangalala kuti maphunziro ku France angapezeke kwaulere kapena kupeza ogwira ntchito pakampani. Choncho, n'zosatheka kupeza diploma ya yunivesite yowerengedwa kwambiri, komanso ntchito yodalirika yokhala ndi malipiro abwino.

Maunivesite a ku France

Chotsatira tikufuna kukufotokozerani ku masunivesite otchuka kwambiri a dzikoli ndikuuzeni za maonekedwe awo:

• The Sorbonne - mbiri ya kachisi wotchuka kwambiri wa sayansi inayamba m'zaka za zana la 13, ndipo tsopano ndi imodzi mwa maphunziro apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
• Yunivesite ya Nantes - ndi imodzi mwa masunivesiti akuluakulu komanso otchuka kwambiri ku France ndipo pachaka imaphunzitsa ophunzira 45,000. Sizinthu zakale monga zigawo zina za maphunziro, koma zimakhala ndi maphunziro osiyanasiyana komanso maphunziro apamwamba.
• Yunivesite ya Toulouse - imayimira ndondomeko zisanu ndi ziwiri zosiyana siyana za maphunziro, ogwirizana ndi dzina lomwelo. Mtengo wa maphunziro ku yunivesite yakale mu dziko ili mpaka ma euro 360 pachaka. Ophunzira akhoza kukhala mumalo osungiramo alendo kapena kubwereka nyumba kumbali.
• Yunivesite ya Grenoble - mu ophunzira akale a ku yunivesite amaphunzira madokotala, akatswiri, akatswiri a zinenero ndi akatswiri a sayansi. Chiwerengero cha ophunzira chikuphatikizapo alendo ambiri omwe, monga azika French, amalandira maphunziro aulere.
• Yunivesite ya Montpellier - kuphatikizapo mbiri yabwino kwambiri yodziwika kuti m'zaka za m'ma 16 kuchokera ku makoma amenewa anathamangitsidwa katswiri wodziwika kwambiri padziko lonse komanso katswiri wa zamaphunziro Michel Nostradamus. Mndandanda wamaphunziro ophunzitsidwa ku yunivesite yamakono ndi yaikulu: madokotala, masamu, akatswiri a zamagetsi, akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo, othamanga, anthu komanso akatswiri.

Tidzakhala okondwa ngati mukufuna mfundo zomwe tafotokoza m'nkhaniyi. Maphunziro ku France sakhala ngati palibe omwe ambiri a Russia amaganiza. Ndipotu, aliyense amene akufuna atakalamba akhoza kupeza ntchito kapena kuphunzira chinenero chimodzi mwa maphunziro odziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.