N'chifukwa chiyani sakhulupirira Mulungu wanzeru kuposa anthu achipembedzo?

M'kupita kwa zaka zambiri kafukufuku, asayansi anatha kukhazikitsa ubale chidwi: kulibe Mulungu, amakonda kukhala wanzeru kwambiri kuposa anthu achipembedzo.

Ndi bwinobwino chifukwa azimuth imeneyi, koma ofufuza kuli kufotokozera: chipembedzo - izo ndi chibadwa, iwo amati, ndi anthu amene kungokhulupirira achibadwidwe, ndi anzeru kuposa anthu amene amadalira pa iwo.

"Intelligence mu zomveka othetsera mavuto onse akhoza kumva ngati tikugwira kugonjetsa Mwachibadwa ndi chidwi aluntha, mutitsegulire ubongo sanali nchito", - anati wolemba kuphunzira ndi kutsogolera Edvard Datton, kafukufuku pa Institute for Social Research wa Ulster ku United Kingdom.

maganizo sayansi

Mu Greece ndi ku Roma, anali kudziŵika kuti "opusa" amakonda kukhala achipembedzo, pamene "anthu anzeru" Nthawi zambiri ankakayikira. Dutton ndi Co-wolemba kuphunzira ake Dimitri Van der Linden, kucheza pulofesa wa dipatimenti ya zamaganizo pa yunivesite ya Erasmus wa Rotterdam ku Netherlands, analemba kuti: "Akatswiri akale sanali yekhayo amene anaona ubale. Ife kusanthula 63 cholondola ndipo anapeza kuti anthu achipembedzo ali opanda nzeru kuposa sanali achipembedzo. "

Koma n'chifukwa chiyani ubwenzi woterewu? Dutton akuganiza chifukwa chakuti anthu omwe si achipembedzo ndi zomveka kuposa chipembedzo, chotero kumvetsa bwino kuti Mulungu kulibe.

"Posachedwapa ndinayamba kuganizira ngati ndinali wolakwa ndithu - Live Science anati Dutton. - ndinapeza umboni kuti nzeru ndithu kugwirizana ndi mitundu ina ya kukondera ".

zinachitikira chidwi

Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku 2012 m'magazini yotchedwa "Khalidwe ndi Psychology Social" anasonyeza kuti ophunzira zambiri molakwika kupereka mayankho lomveka, koma sadziwa. Izi otchedwa "malo akhungu" Tingaone ngati pamene anthu sangathe kudziwa kukondera maganizo ake. "Mulimonsemo, m'pamenenso kutchulidwa malo wakhungu anali kugwirizana ndi luso apamwamba chidziwitso," - ofufuza za kulemba mu umboni 2012.

An funso chidwi kuti anali anauza ophunzirawo kuti: "mleme ndi mpira ndalama okha $ 1,10. Mleme ndalama $ 1,00 kuposa mpira. Zingati mpira? ".

"Ophunzira kuletsedwa kapena ayesedwa njira woyamba omwe angabuke mitu yawo," - ofufuza za kulemba. Ngati iwo anatero, iwo sadatha kupeza yankho lolondola: mpira ndi ofunika masenti 5 ndi mleme ndalama $ 1,05.

"Ngati anthu wololera ndazindikira biases awo, kutanthauza kuti iwo sakhala zomveka zinthu zina", - anati Dutton.

Mwachibadwa zoyambirira

Chiphunzitso cha "chipembedzo-Mwachibadwa" - Baibulo kusinthidwa maganizo anayamba ndi Satoshi Kanazawa, ndi zamaganizo zamoyo zinachita pa Sukulu ya London la Economics. Iye sanali nawo mu phunziroli watsopano.

"Kanazawa chiphunzitso amayesera kuti afotokoze kusiyana khalidwe ndi ubwenzi pakati pa anthu anzeru ndi opanda nzeru", - anati Nathan Kofnas, lecturer nzeru za pa yunivesite ya Oxford ku United Kingdom.

The kungoganizira zachokera mfundo ziwiri. Kofnas anati: "Choyamba, ife maganizo ndinazolowera kuthetsa mavuto chosatha anakumana ndi makolo athu mlenje-okolola pa savannah African. Chachiwiri, "ambiri nzeru", monga kuwayeza IQ-mayesero, anakamba kuti atithandize kuthana ndi mavuto osathetsedwa zimene sitinachite anayamba kulimbana. "

"The mfundo sizikutanthauza kuti anthu anzeru ayenera kukhala bwino kuposa anthu opusa amene kupirira mavuto ndi mabungwe amene sanali kuchokera kwa makolo awo," - anati Kofnas.

nthanthi view

"Njira imeneyi ndi chidwi, koma akhale wolimba ngati ofufuza amafotokoza matanthauzo ndi" nzeru zachibadwa achipembedzo "," - taonera Kofnas.

Dutton ndi Van der Linden ananena kuti, ngati chipembedzo ndi maziko zachibadwa kuti anthu wololera Angakugonjetseni ndi kukhala okana Mulungu. Koma popanda kudziwa chikhalidwe lenileni la chibadwa achipembedzo, asayansi sangathe kulamulidwa kuti kulibe Mulungu kapena ena a mtundu uliwonse, amadziwikanso zochokera nzeru zachibadwa.

Mwachitsanzo, wolemba Christopher Hitchens anakhulupirira chipembedzo chikominisi. Iye anali kukhulupirira kuti zipembedzo ndipo sanali achipembedzo kudalira chikhulupiriro, kudzizindikiritsa yekha ndi mugulu la okhulupiriia ndi zotentheka.

Chipembedzo ndi nkhawa

Ofufuzawa komanso kuphunzira ubale Mwachibadwa ndi nkhawa wakuti anthu amakonda kuchita zinthu mavuto zochokera achibadwidwe, mwachitsanzo, kunena kuti chipembedzo ndi ena mavuto. Ofufuzawa amanena kuti nzeru amathandiza anthu apewe achibadwidwe izi mu nthawi ya nkhawa.

"Ngati chipembedzo ndicho kwenikweni anayamba zachibadwa dera, ndiye adzawonjezera nthawi ya nkhawa, pamene anthu amakonda kuchita mwachibadwa, ndipo ichi pali umboni woonekeratu - Dutton anati. - Zikutanthauzanso kuti nzeru amatilola amanena, zochokera pa nkhaniyi ndi zotsatira zotheka chifukwa cha zochita zathu. Anthu amene kungokhulupirira achibadwidwe anu mwina ndi bwino kuthetsa mavuto awo. "

"Tiyerekeze kuti munthu wina anaukira inu. Mwachibadwa anali kuti anagunda mu nkhope ya munthu uyu, - anati Dutton Live Science. - Munthu wochenjera kupewa zimenezi, kukangana kuti ndi bwino kuthetsa vuto malinga ndi zimene amafuna kwa iye ".

Phunziro, tafotokozazi, linasindikizidwa pa May 16 mu magazini "chisinthiko sayansi ya kuwerenga maganizo."