Mutu wa ndakatulo ndi ndakatulo - mmodzi wa lalikulu mu ndakatulo ya Pushkin. Iye akadali mu unyamata wake anazindikira kuti kwambiri zotsatira za kulenga, munthu luso ndi luso ambiri mu chikumbumtima onse, mphamvu za kubweretsa chida kungakhale. Choncho, mfundo zake view - mneneri, mthenga wa choonadi wakale, makhalidwe ndi chikumbumtima cha anthu ndiponso anthu. Komabe, kutsatira ndi cholinga ngati mkulu, ndipo kwambiri munthu kulenga liyenera kukumana zolinga mkulu wa ubwino ndi ufulu, kuwanyamula mwa mayesero onse a moyo.
Pushkin ndi Decembrists
Za momwe Alexander anali wokhulupirika kwa malingaliro ankalengeza, nanena ndakatulo wake. Makamaka, anthu amene ali odzipereka kwa abwenzi manyazi Decembrist. Mwachitsanzo, "Arion". Pushkin analemba July 13, 1827, mu chikumbutso wina yoopsya ya chilango cha chiwembu 5 okonza. Ndi Decembrists choncho zomangira kwambiri. Iye anali bwino ndipo kwambiri kugwirizana ndi mamembala a bungwe loyamba - ". Union cha Chipulumutso" ndi Ndiye wina Alexander Lyceum wophunzira nsangala anamvetsera ku mayankhulo moto za kulimbana ndi ukapolo, ufulu ndi kufanana kwa anthu onse, amene adayankhula misonkhano chinsinsi cha Turgenev abale, Nyerere ndi anzake ena. Akulowa "Union of moyo," "Green Nyali" amaphunzira zambiri kwa Chaadaev, yomwe ikufotokoza kudzoza kwake maganizo. Ndipo kenako, pamene kulumikizana kum'mwera, kawirikawiri pa misonkhano ya "Kumwera Society" wakhala anakumana ndi Pestel. Pamene pali zipolowe za Decembrists, Alexander amakhala ku St. Michael pansi pa zosavomerezeka kukaonekera kupolisi. Komabe, iye ananena mosapita m'mbali Nicholas Ine, kuti ngati chikadapatsidwa nthawi yomweyo mu St. Petersburg, kwenikweni adzabwera kuchokera anzawo pa nyumba ya Senate Square. Iyi ndi ndakatulo wake "Arion". Pushkin, amene ntchito nthawi zonse anali odana ndi boma m'chilengedwe, zosiyanasiyana ntchito zake anapereka msonkho, ulemu, ndi kudzipereka kwa Decembrists.
"Mu kuya kwa ores Siberia ..." "Pushchino", "Arion"
Zokhudzana kukumbukira Decembrist kayendedwe mwachindunji zoyenera ndakatulo atatu a ndakatulo iyi. Izi ndi makalata wotchuka "Pushchino" ( "Wokondedwa wanga woyamba ...,"), "Mu Siberia" ndi "Arion". Pushkin analemba woyamba awiri kumapeto kwa 1826 - chiyambi cha 1827 ndipo anapereka comrades ukapolo ndi kalonga nyerere yemwe anali limodzi ndi mwamuna wake. Mu iwo ali ndi chisoni kwambiri ndi kusirira oona analemba za ukulu wa chintchito ndi mkulu zomvetsa chisoni tsoka la opandukawo, anasonyeza chikhulupiriro mchitidwe wawo udzakhala azinyadira mitima ya anthu pa anamanganso ouziridwa mu dzina la Dziko Lathu ndi anthu. A malo apadera wotanganidwa ndi ndakatulo "Arion". Pushkin mu izo molunjika amadzitchula wolowa nyumba ndi m'malo a malingaliro Decembrist.
awiri Arion
ndakatuloyi inamangidwa ngati zophiphiritsa zinachitika. Iwo amatibweretsa ife ku nthano yotchuka Greek, monga bodza Arion. Malinga ndi iye, woimba wotchuka wongonena anapita kugombe la kwawo. Komabe, amalinyero adyera anaganiza mponyeni m'chitsime kuya kwa nyanja, kuti alande malowo. Arion anawapempha mtima lomaliza - kuimba aphedwe, ndiyeno analumphira mu mafunde. Atakhudzidwa ndi luso lake ndi luso, mulungu nyanja Poseidon anatumiza dolphin kuti apulumutsidwe imba ndikubwezeretsedwanso iye kugombe la Korinto. Pamaziko a nthano a Alexander Sergeyevich pang'ono osiyana "Arion". Pushkin ndakatulo amanga pa maziko awo osiyana kwambiri maganizo. Ngati nthano ndi ulemerero ndi mphamvu zonse luso, ndi kubadwanso ndi moyo otsimikiza udindo, Pushkin ali pakati penipeni pa chithunzi cha protagonist lapansi. zinthu Inde, ndi moyo zasintha khalidwe la ntchito onse tsogolo ukasintha osiyana.
kusanthula ndakatuloyi
Kodi cholinga Chili "Arion"? ndakatulo Pushkin n'ngozikidwa pa zochitika zenizeni. Adalira si gulu la achifwamba ndipo ochezeka gulu logwirizana, olamulidwa ndi wanzeru "mmodzi wowongolera". Mu izo, aliyense wotanganidwa ndi ntchito yake, amakwaniritsa cholinga chake. Mlembi ali kunena za Decembrist kayendedwe, gulu chinsinsi ndi ntchito kuti mamembala ake ikuchitika anthu. Gulu tiri ndi "chinsinsi woimba" kumaliza "chikhulupiriro osasamala." Kukhulupirira chiyani? Analysis wa ndakatulo ya "Arion" Pushkin chimapangitsa kuti kuganiza kuti maloto kwambiri, kulankhula yolimbikitsa, lingaliro kugonjetsa autocracy. Wolemba ndakatulo sakunena za izo poyera. Koma m'nthawi yake mibadwo wotsatira owerenga bwino tanthauzo la zithunzi wophimbidwa. Ndi chikhulupiriro anakumana, ndipo ngati woimba anali osasamala? Mu mizere yotsatirayi wolemba akupereka chithunzi cha mvula ya mkuntho, madzi osefukira, ngati chikuni choyandama, makungwa, ndi kuti awononge gulu lonse. "Anafa ndi kormschik ndi kusambira" - ndi kuwawa analemba. Adapulumuka yekha ouziridwa yoimba. Kodi tsopano anamva phokoso Umulungu wake? Yankho ndi mosapita m'mbali kuti: "Ine kuimba nyimbo akale ..."
Mutu, mankhwala lingaliro
Tatchula pamwambapa mzere moyenerera kuonedwa malo ganizo chidutswa. Ngati mutu wa "Arion" Pushkin a ndakatulo - chifanizo cha kugalukira Decembrist, mawu a kupitiriza kwa maganizo ake pa ntchito ya ndakatulo iyi, ndi mawu, zamalankhulidwe quintessence lagona yochepayi mawu. Alexander konse anakana abwenzi, kodi si adzandipereka zolinga za unyamata wake. Ali wokhulupirika kwa iwo ndi okhwima chilimwe. Kumene, monga munthu wina aliyense maganizo, makamaka ukulu uwu, wolemba ndakatulo mudrel zaka. M'kupita kwa nthawi, Pushkin anatha kumvetsa zolinga zosatheka ndi zochita za anachitira chiwembu. Koma kwenikweni, analibe mwayi, pa nthawi iliyonse, iye adzabwera kuchokera chiwerengero chawo kwa chotchinga mbiri.