Ndi amene Talaat Pasha ndi amene anamupha?

Amene Talaat Pasha anali? Motero dzina lake zonse - Talaat Pasha, ndi kuti wandale Turkey, anasiya kufufuza cakuyetimira pa dziko lonse.

yonena

Malo mtumiki mkati mwa Ottoman mu 1874, mu rundown tawuni zigawo za Kardzhali (Edirne), amene panopa mu Kardzhali Province Bulgaria. Talat Pasha anabadwa mu banja atamanskogo mtsogoleri wa asilikali (wapolisiyo). Mu chiyambi chake Talaat Pasha anali Pomaks. Pomaks - chinenero Chibugariya achipembedzo gulu kuchita Islam. Chofunika, ndi Pomaks zinaphatikizana choyambiriracho gulu. Pasha anatembenuka kuti Islam unyamata wake, kuti kusunthira ntchito makwerero mu Ottoman.

Chidwi mfundo: Talaat Pasha anali mdima khungu kwambiri, chifukwa kuti limatchedwa Gypsy.

Wandale m'tsogolo maphunziro a sekondale mu Edirne. Ndiyeno anayamba kumanga ntchito yake. Monga amadziwika, chithunzi ichi pa moyo wake waufupi, kutalika kwa zaka 47, anali kudzionetsa m'mafakitale ambiri kuntchito. Iye anatha maudindo wapamwamba m'boma Komabe, chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chawo okhwima ndi upandu mwachibale kwa Armenia ndipo chitayiko chawo yomweyo, Talaat anaphedwa. Chifukwa cha zochita ndale akuvutika anali miliyoni 1-1.5.

ntchito oyambirira Pasha

Wandale wotchuka Talaat Pasha anayamba ntchito yake pa malo a kalaliki mu ofesi wanthambo. Koma pa nthawi anakhala chidwi ndale yogwira. Adakali kalaliki mu ofesi, Pasha ndiponso mokangalika kumenyana nkhanza abdulgamidoaskoy, ndipo anasankha kukhala membala wa gulu Young Turk. Komabe, kwa kumvetsa bwino nkhaniyi, ndi bwino kufotokoza zimene Young Turk kuyenda ndi zimene Mulungu anali ndi cholinga.

Young Turk kayendedwe

Choncho, Young Turk kayendedwe (mamembala a gululi mChipangano "Young Turkey") - gulu landale mu Ottoman, anayamba linakhalapo mu 1876. Ulendowu unali kuchita kusintha zina mu dziko ndi kulenga mwachindunji oyendetsera dziko polity. Kwenikweni kukhala ndi Young Turk kayendedwe ndizofunika kwambiri, chifukwa Turkey Young anatha kuwononga Abdul Hamid 2 ndi kugwira chiwerengero kusintha zinthu zenizeni. Komabe, nkofunika kuona kuti mphamvu m'manja mwa gulu la ndale sanakhalitse yaitali. Ndithudi, atagwa Turkey mu yoyamba ya padziko lonse, Turkey Young anataya ulamuliro wonse pa dziko.

Young Pasha anali odzipereka chosintha, iye anagwidwa ndi kupatsidwa chilango chifukwa cha zolakwa za ndale: kundende zaka ziwiri. Komabe, atagwidwa ndi chiganizo Mehmed anapitiriza ntchito, koma choyamba ntchito kokha monga postman a. Koma pambuyo 1908, pamene nkhani zandale m'dziko zasintha kwathunthu (pambuyo Young Turk zisinthe mu 1908), Talaat Pasha anasankhidwa kukhala yamalamulo ndi.

Iye anali membala wa chipani "Union ndi Patsogolo", womwenso kwa kusamutsidwa kwa Sultan.

Nduna ya za Internal

Nthawi zadutsa, monga kale mu 1909 Mehmed Pasha analandira udindo waukulu udindo mu boma, ndicho malo mtumiki wa Ottoman mkati. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti mu 1909 Mehmed akhala m'modzi wa anthu otchuka wa Ottoman. Ndi kutolera positi, mtundu akutenga miyeso aakulu ndi m'mafuko aang'ono, makamaka zimaonekera mtundu Chiameniya, lomwe ndi dongosolo la Pasha zonse awonongeke. Wandale wa Ottoman kamodzi analemba za Maulendo Ake kuti ankaganizira kwambiri kuti mtundu Chiameniya adzayesa zimachitika palokha.

Atalandira positi Pasha anatengera kwa gulu la kukakamizidwa "Turkishizing" ikuchitika ntchito maganizo, kumukakamiza lingaliro la poto-Turkism. Pan-Turkism - gulu ndale ndiponso chikhalidwe kuti amanena za mfundo za kufunikira kwa kuphatikiza ya anthu Turkic, malinga ndi mfundo za chikhalidwe, fuko ndi zinenero anthu awa. Mtundu Talat Pasha ankaganiza kuti Armenia - ichi ndi chiphinjo chachikulu Turkized anthu. Choncho anaganiza kuti njira yabwino kuchokera - kuchotsa wa ku Armenia. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti Armenia zizichitidwa kosatha.

Nduna ya za M'dziko linali chinthu chotsiriza pa makwerero Mehmeda Talaat Pasha, chifukwa anaphedwa.

Chifukwa chachikulu kupha nduna ya za M'dziko. Chiameniya kupululutsa

Monga momwe nkhaniyi ikupitirira, mu 1915, Talaat Pasha amapereka unsembe pa kupulula anthu Chiameniya m'dziko la Ottoman. Iye anayambitsa pulogalamu imene Armenia ambiri anathamangitsidwa ku chipululu, kumene anthu osauka akufa ndi njala ndi ludzu. Ndipo nthawizina iwo kuvutika wolanda wina wankhanza, amene, wosafuna kuti awaphe. Mu June a yemweyo mu 1915 iye analandira kuti mwamtheradi onse Armenia tikukhala mu kum'mawa kwa Ottoman anayenera kupita ku chipululu.

Anakonza motere: pambuyo chiwembuchi Chiameniya a iwo mu dziko anali kukhala zosaposa 10 peresenti ya anthu Muslim.

Nkofunika kudziwa kuti kupululutsa Chiameniya zinachitika mu magawo angapo:

1. Kusiya kwa msilikali Chiameniya.
2. Kusankha kuthamangitsidwa a ku Armenia.
3. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo yotulutsira.
4. Kupita Unyinji wa ku Armenia.
5. Awonongedwe Unyinji wa anthu Chiameniya.

Komabe, anatsogolera chiwembuchi yovuta si Talaat. The okonza waukulu amaonedwa kukhala atsogoleri a kayendedwe "Young Turkey" Enver Pasha, Talat Pasha ndi Cemal Pasha.

Enver ndi Cemal Pasha

Enver imalengeza ku Istanbul. Anabadwa mu 1881 ku banja la wantchito wamba wa njanji lapansi. Banjali linali lalikulu, wopangidwa mwa ana asanu. Enver ndinali wamkulu. Kuyambira ndili mwana, iye ankadziwa kuti iye anafuna kukhala msilikali, ndi mnyamatayu anapita kusukulu ya usilikali. Iye ndiye maphunziro Academy ndi udindo wa mkulu. Koma pa nthawi, ndipo iye analandira udindo wa Major.

Enver ndiye anakhala mmodzi wa mamembala a asilikali kayendedwe "kwawo ndi Ufulu".

Enver Pasha nawo mbali pa nkhondo zambiri, monga Italo-Turkey nkhondo, Balkan nkhondo ndi First World nkhondo.

Iye ankadana kwambiri ndi Ahelene ndi Armenia mu Ottoman, amene ndi Akhristu. Choncho, anagwirizana mwakhama chiwembuchi ya anthu awa.

Djemal Pasha anabadwa mu 1872 mu Mytilene, mu dokotala asilikali banja. Anaphunzira sukulu usilikali, ndipo kenako - pa sukulu nkhondo. Zinangokhala Jamal, Talaat, yolimbikira membala wa gulu "Kugwirizana ndi Patsogolo". Iye nawo nkhondo zambiri, ndipo anali munthu wodziwika ndale mu Ottoman.

ANAKULIRA Armenia kupululutsa

Monga kale, nthawi Ufumu wa Ottoman, mphamvu zonse anali anaikira mu manja a Young Turkey, amene amadana ndi a Armenia ndi Ahelene. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti anthu awa ndi Akhristu. Koma kuchita fuko zinachitikadi ndi oimira Young Turkey, osati chifukwa cha zankhanza awo ndi nkhanza. Mwachibadwa, panali zifukwa zina ndi zinthu zochitika zoopsya izi.

Nkhani ndi Armenia ankakhala Ottoman kwa zaka zambiri. Ndipo iwo anamanga mbali yaikulu ya ufumu wa chuma. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti Armenia nthawi zonse akuzunzidwa chifukwa cha chipembedzo chawo.

Komabe, chifukwa chenicheni kwagona kuti Armenia kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19 inayamba kulinganiza gulu mobisa amene cholinga anali kulenga wodziimira boma la Armenia mu dera la Ottoman. Boma, ndithudi, sanali ngati anthu a bungwe. Choncho iwo anatenga miyeso ovuta kwambiri kwa anthu Chiameniya, poopa kuti Armenia anagwira mphamvu.

imfa Talaat Pasha a

March 15 Germany, mu Berlin, mzinda anawomberedwa ndi kupha mtumiki mkati mwa Ottoman, Talaat Pasha pa zaka 47. Mboni kuti ilo linali tsiku dzuwa ndi Pasha anayenda kupita Alley, ndipo msonkhano anali munthu osadziwika mwadzidzidzi zipolopolo pa Nduna ya za M'dziko. Koma amene anapha Talat Pasha? Nkhani amapita kuti wandale wa Ottoman, anaphedwa mbali ya Opaleshoni "Nemesis" kuti amalanga amachirikiza chiwembuchi Chiameniya. Ndipo pa nambala 1 pa mndandanda kuphana anaima ndendende dzina la Talaat Pasha. Kupha Sitefano Mehmed sanali zodabwitsa kwambiri, chifukwa pa nthawi aliyense amene anakonza kuphedwa kwa Armenia anayamba kudzapereka mlandu wawo chigawenga. Ndipo Mehmet anali kulinganiza mwachindunji ndi inspirer wa chiwembuchi Chiameniya.

wakupha

Monga Talaat Pasha, ndi amene anaphedwa?

Minister mkati mwa Ottoman 15 March 1921 ku Berlin, anawombera Soghomon Tayleryan. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti mapeto wakupha Pasha analephera m'bwalo German.

Soghomon Tayleryan anabadwa m'mudzi wa Nerkin-Baqarah, yomwe inali kunja kwa mzinda wa Ottoman. Iye anali Chiameniya, ndipo ndinapulumuka yekha ndi banja lake. abale awo onse Soghomon anatayika chifukwa cha kupululutsa Chiameniya, amene anali lotsogoledwa ndi mtundu Talat Pasha. Wakupha anachita ntchito wobwezera "Nemesis" ndi kubwezera banja lake, limene inawonongedwa mu kupululutsa wankhanza.

mpatuko dönmeh

Monga momwe nkhaniyi ikupitirira, Talaat Pasha - Myuda wochokera kugulu dönmeh. Nanga gulu lampatuko? Ndipo mmene zakhudza tsoka la Mehmed?

Dönmeh - ndi kabbalistic mpatuko, anakhazikitsa kumbuyo mu 1683. Monga amadziwika, mpatuko anayamba kuthandiza Young Turk kayendedwe, kotero Talat Pasha membala. Amadziwika kuti nthawi zonse Ambuye kuli mpatuko inatsogolera moyo m'nyumba, kotero iye movutikira padziko mphekesera zosiyanasiyana ndi nkhambakamwa. Komabe, m'zaka za m'ma 20 wakhala akuyendera osankhika a boma ndipo anakhala akumakhalira. Tsopano, mu Turkey adakali kumeneko, chiwerengero cha mamembala ake si chachikulu chotere: kokha 2 500.