Nkhokwe ya Republic of Komi: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Aliyense wobwera kwa nthawi yoyamba mu Republic of Komi, kumpoto captivates kukongola kwa malo amenewa. Zikomo zanu kamodzi anzeru, 15% ya m'dziko la dera lino ndiotetezedwa ndi boma, kotero kuti iye anasunga namwali chikhalidwe, amene si kukhudzidwa ndi chitukuko.

Nkhokwe ya Republic of Komi - kunyada kwa anthu osati m'dera, komanso dziko lonse, kuyambira 70% malo zimenezi ndizo m'dera limeneli. Mu nthawi ya mafakitale, kudula mitengo anali ponseponse, koma ayambe inali yaitali ndi amtengo wapatali. Ndi zitheke m'dziko kusunga zomera wapadera ndi zinyama, ankaikira kumpoto, kum'mawa kwa Ulaya Russia.

Mbiri ya dera

Republic Komi anakhazikitsidwa mu 1921, ngakhale dziko a ukulu Moscow kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma XV. Dera limeneli wolemera zokopa achilengedwe. Apa icho chiri:

• 78.000 nyanja ochokera mitsinje zazikulu monga Volga, ob, Pechora ndi kumpoto Dvina;
• mapiri okutidwa ndi nkhalango;
• Titafika pamalo ndi kuteteza topezeka kudera;
• kukongola wapadera formations zachilengedwe Torre Porro-Out ndi Manpupuner.

Koma chidwi chachikulu - nkhalango namwali, amene asayansi ambiri moyenerera amatchedwa mapapo Europe, chifukwa dera zikuluzikulu osafikiridwa ndi anthu mu gawo ili la dziko kulibe.

Anakhalapo ku malo awa anthu monga Mansi, Khanty, ndi Komi. Pakadali zimasungika malo awo akale ndi akachisi. Komanso, dera lino amadziwika kuzungulira zikomo dziko kwa ofukula opezeka malire chapamwamba za Pechora Mtsinje Pamudzi, amene anali anthu a Upper Paleolithic. Isanafike kupezeka, asayansi sanangoganiza kuti mafuko akakhale mpaka kumpoto, kotero pano nyengo wouma mtima, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira.

Ngakhale masiku ano, vuto lalikulu kwa dera kutetezedwa ndi kusowa misewu, ndipo mu 1931, pamene iwo anali kudziŵika kuteteza malo malire, positi, malipiro ndi zinthu zinakambidwa pa chaise ndi maboti m'nyengo yozizira - kutsetsereka.

UNESCO cholowa

zinthu Kukhala Komi tinganene kuti kwambiri. Pali mizinda ochepa zikuluzikulu monga Syktyvkar, Vorkuta, Usinsk, Ukhta ndi Pechora, apanga 5 m'maboma, m'mizinda, kuphatikizapo m'maboma 15 oyang'anira tauni. Avereji yozizira kutentha pano ndi -17 ⁰S ngakhale atathana kutentha dontho digiri -57.

Nkhokwe ya Republic of Komi amaphatikizidwa mu maukonde limodzi amatchedwa "namwali nkhalango m'mphepete." Mbaliyi National Park "Yugyd ndime" ndi Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve. dziko lawo akhoza kugawidwa m'zigawo 3:

• sing'anga-mkulu mapiri dera, zomwe zikuphatikizapo mapiri a Urals;
• dera ku otsetsereka a Parma mkulu kumadzulo, kuti phazi la Ural mapiri;
• lathyathyathya limabweretsa gawo otetezeka m'chigawo Timan-Pechora.

Popeza 1985, dera lonse anali m'gulu gulu "Biosphere nkhokwe ya Republic of Komi." UNESCO mndandanda, womwenso ochepa mbali za pa dziko, dziko zimagwira otchedwa m'chigawo cha anthu onse, ndipo tsopano amatetezedwa ndi bungwe lapadziko lonse.

Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve

Icho chinakhazikitsidwa May 4, 1930 m'dera pakati pa mitsinje awiri - ndi Pechora ndi Ilych, tributary yake. Poyamba dziko limene mahekitala 1.135.000. Mitsinje anakhala malire awo achilengedwe kumadzulo ndi kum'mwera. Reserve kumpoto kwa malire a mtsinje chikopa, ndi kum'mawa - ndi dera Tyumen.

Muziona boma la nkhalango malire ake pa nthawi imeneyo kunali kovuta, chifukwa panalibe misewu, zoyendera mpweya ndi wailesi. Patapita nthawi yaitali, anayamba ntchito Helicopters ndi An-2, limene kwa maola 4 kotero inu mukhoza kuwuluka mozungulira dera lalikulu.

Only ndi bungwe mu 1978, zigawo nkhalango zisanu, imene dziko linagawanika, chitetezo awo, malire ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi, malo anatenga mawonekedwe, alipo lero.

Wapadera kuti Republic of Komi ndi ku Ulaya (Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve makamaka), kuti ndi malo okhawo amene wateteza akale-kukula nkhalango namwali. Iwo amakula ndi moyo nyama ndi zomera za mitundu Siberia ndi European. Ena m'gulu la International Red Book.

Ilo liri mu malo izi mu munda yoyamba ose linatsegulidwa zimathandiza kuti kuchuluka kwa nyama ndi kugawa awo.

National Park "Yugyd wa"

paki chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1994 ndipo ili ku kwambiri kumpoto cha kum'mawa kwa Ulaya Russia. Ndi apa kuti pali anapezazo wapadera pofukula, monga Ayenela-Podcheremskaya malo wakale, Podcheremsky chuma ndi ena.

Pamwamba paki waima nsonga chapamwamba Urals wa - phiri la Anthu (1895 m).

Osati mosatsata nkhokwe, malo osungirako zachilengedwe , Komi (Republic) komanso amatunga, Pakati nyanja ambiri kwabasi amaonedwa kukhala malonda, nsomba ndi kutalika. Mwa mitsinje amadziwika kuti madzi ake omveka bwino ndiponso kuchuluka kwa nsomba Kozhim, Big Synya ndi ena. Iwo anthu mitundu 23 ya nsomba monga nsomba, peled, whitefish ndi crucian carp.

"Yugyd Island" membala wa gulu "Virgin Komi Nkhalango", ndipo zimatetezedwa ndi UNESCO. Kuyenda mwa malire ace, mungapeze kalulu, mphalapala, zouluka gologolo, weasel, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, mphalapala, woyera nkhandwe ndi zolengedwa zina zambiri.

The National Park chisa 190 mitundu ya mbalame, 19 amene ali osowa ndi m'gulu dera pangozi. Izi osprey, golide mphungu Merlin, peregrine kabawi ndi ena.

Komi Flora

Malinga deta atsopano anamasulidwa mu 1980, ndi nkhokwe ya Republic of Komi mumakhala zomera oposa 1,000, kuphatikizapo 11 pangozi ndi osowa, monga slipper chidona, minuartia Guelma, oxytrope Urals, zomwe zinasungidwa kokha kuno mu kuchuluka kwa magazini 400. Mu mpumulo wa Europe, zomera kale kuyambira mbisoweka.

Katawala ankaimira paini nkhalango, zitsamba, monga m'chiuno, ndipo madambo sphagnum namsongole azikhala ndi Ledum mabulosi abulu.

Ndipotu, nkhokwe ya Republic of Komi mpaka mapeto ndipo si afufuza, ndi zomera si kwathunthu wachinsinsi. Izi zikusonyeza pamlingo waukulu ndi kuti kutsogolo kwa ntchito yambiri kwa asayansi. Kuti atsogolere ntchito zawo, Chernamsky Reserve (Komi Republic) unakhazikitsidwa, amene chachikulu ntchito ndi kusintha kapangidwe ndi khalidwe la nkhalango wayima, komanso otetezedwa. Pano, bungwe deta ndi kusunga mbewu mitundu yambiri osowa kapena pangozi.

Mwambo dziko wakale

Chidwi kwambiri folklorists ndi nthano zakale za zimphona mansiytsev lidzasinthidwa mafano mwala woyera Urals akale. mawere awa, ngati iwo kuwatcha m'deralo, Tingaone pa malo okwera Manpupuner.

No nthano zochepa wokongola wa Golden Baba, lomwe masiku ano - kuunika wamkazi chithunzi, zambiri kuwonekera ndi mdima nsonga phiri. Malinga ndi nthano, Amayi a World, evades chuma chawo.