Nsagwada fractures: chithandizo. Gulu la fractures a m'kamwa mwa. Koopsa osamukira wovulala

Nsagwada fractures mu yochizira matenda, ndi zachilendo. Madokotala dziwani kuti madzi akatayika fupa mmwamba-ndi chiwiri wa chiwerengero cha fractures.

Pofuna kuzindikira vutolo ndi kutenga miyezo zofunika, ayenera kumvetsa mitundu alipo kuvulala ndi matenda awo.

ndi zikukhudza nsagwada Kodi

Fractures nsagwada ndi fupa kuwonongeka kulikonse limodzi ndi kuswa umphumphu wa zimakhala ozungulira. Izi angakhudzidwe minofu, misempha nkhope, mitsempha ya magazi.

Zimayambitsa mtundu wa avulala osiyana, koma nthawi zambiri iwo amayamba ndi kanthu makina: nkhonya, kugwa, ngozi. Komanso, pathological wovulala likugwiritsidwanso, kumene kumachitika chifukwa mmene kunja pa fupa pamaso pa matenda aakulu monga chindoko fupa, osteomyelitis, chotupa. Choncho, ngati osteomyelitis aakulu fupa kufa m'madera imbaenda wovulala ake lachibadwa.

Kodi kuzindikira nsagwada wosweka

Pali malo angapo pa zimene tikhoza kuganiza pamaso pa wovulala pachibwano:

1. Pamene choipa cha munthu amavutika.
2. Pamene inu kuyesera kutsegula kapena kutseka ululu pakamwa itakula, akhoza kumva izo dinani.
3. nsagwada akhoza ankatembenukira pambali.
4. Pamene fractures lotseguka anati minofu nkhope kusiyana pa fupa la.
5. Pamene bwanji misempha, anamva ena dzanzi pamene wokhudza nkhope.
6. Mutu, chizungulire.

Zizindikiro zingasiyane, izo zonse zimadalira zimene gawo la fupa chawonongeka.

Kukhazikitsa mtundu kuvulazidwa nsagwada ayenera yomweyo dokotala ndi kuchititsa kusanthula matenda. Pamafunikanso anayendera zakunja X-ray bwino.

Wosweka nsagwada nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kapena msana khomo lachiberekero. Pofuna kuthetsa mavuto amenewa, Khadili zina.

Mitundu ya fractures nsagwada

Nsagwada fractures ndi gulu yaikulu mu njira zingapo:

1. Kupatukana zinthu etiological kapena causal:

• maonekedwe nsagwada wovulala chifukwa zoopsa;
• zikukhudza nsagwada chifukwa cha zimakhala pathological ndi mafupa.

2. Malinga ndi mzere wovulala:

• kotenga;
• mwachindunji;
• oblique;
• yokhotakhota;
• oskolchatye;
• kupandira.

3. Malinga ndi chiwerengero cha zidutswa:

• angapo;
• limodzi;
• awiri;
• patatu.

4. Malinga ndi malo fupa lothyoka la:

• wovulala nsagwada m'munsi;
• wovulala nsagwada chapamwamba.

5. digiri matenda nsagwada fupa:

• malizitsani;
• chosakwanira (mng'alu, kusiya).

6. Malinga mlingo wa minofu zofewa zokhudza:

• chatsekedwa fractures - zofewa minofu si bwanji;
• lotseguka - kusweka umphumphu wa minofu zofewa.

Komanso, nsagwada fractures ndi:

• zopindika ndi opanda zilema;
• pamodzi.

mandibular wovulala chithandizo

Zizindikiro zazikulu mu fractures mandibular ndi:

• kupweteka;
• Kulephela kutafuna chakudya chifukwa cha ululu;
• zotheka dzanzi chibwano, milomo;
• malocclusion;
• nseru;
• chizungulire.

Mu ndondomeko ya Kupeza Vuto dokotala, woyamba wa zonse, Mzimuyo wonse thanzi la wodwalayo. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kuyeza zimachitika kuthamanga. Pambuyo pake, pofuna kupewa zoopsa choipa ubongo, kulingalira imagwiridwa.

Pamene anali kumupima kunja anatsimikiza Chowawa mfundo zopindika hematoma. Mayeso ikuchitika, imene malo akuti wapezeka wovulala. Kenako X-ray Kupenda ikuchitika.

Pa mphambano za nsagwada m'munsi ali dongosolo labwino kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale ndi mantha pang'ono kapena zina kuvulaza kwa fupa lothyoka lateral.

Nthawi zambiri pali awiri, patatu ndiponso angapo fractures a nsagwada m'munsi. Chithandizo cha kuvulala ngati zovuta ndipo zimatenga nthawi yaitali konzanso.

mankhwala

Pamene pali wovulala nsagwada m'munsi, mankhwala ayenera kutsatira yomweyo - ichi tidzapewa mavuto ambiri.

Pamaso yonyamula munthu kuti malo dokotala ayenera kupatsidwa thandizo la wodwalayo. M'pofunika kukonza nsagwada m'munsi boma lokhazikika ndi kuvala kapena bandeji.

Malo zambiri za wovulala nsagwada m'munsi ndi:

• ziyerekezo maganizo kabowo;
• pakati pa pachibwano;
• articular ndondomeko;
• ndi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino za pachibwano.

Minofu edema zambiri limodzi ndi wovulala nsagwada m'munsi. Chithandizo mu nkhani iyi, kuyamba ndi kutsatira ndi compress ozizira. Pambuyo pake, pansi mankhwala oletsa ululu pamalopo, dokotala ukugwira ndondomeko chiyanjanitso makombo fupa, kenako nkhani nsagwada kwa nyengo yonse ya mankhwala.

Bone mandible akhoza kukonza ntchito hexanoic wochititsa kapena waya. Mu yomweyi, odana ndi yotupa mankhwala, amasankhidwa ndi zakudya za mavitamini kutanthauza kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi.

Wovulala nsagwada chapamwamba

Chapamwamba nsagwada - fupa la nthunzi, izo lili pakati pa nkhope ndi kumatanthauza mapangidwe wa m'mphuno mwake M'mimbamo, pakamwa, diso. Wovulala nsagwada chapamwamba ndi choopsa kwambiri. Poyamba, mwina kukhudzidwa ndi chigaza lapansi. Chachiwiri, pali chiopsezo concussion kapena chitukuko cha matenda monga malungo.

Kuwonjezera zizindikiro muyezo wa fractures chapamwamba nsagwada akhoza limodzi ndi magazi, nuchoka kuzungulira maso, amaona masomphenya, imfa ya chikumbumtima. Kupuma ntchito ndi kutafuna kovuta. Ngati munthu sangathe kupuma, m'pofunika kuti amasule thirakiti kupuma ndi m'kamwa zibowo zam'mano ndi kuteteza matupi yachilendo.

Ndi kuvulala amenewa atitsegulire magazi. Kuti kuzileketsa izo, muyenera kutsatira kufinya bandeji kapena tampon.

Zovuta wovulala pachibwano

Zovuta ankaona wosweka nsagwada kuchepetsa pa zimene kusokoneza dongosolo yachibadwa makombo fupa. Iwo akhoza kukhala wangwiro ndi chosakwanira.

Complete wovulala - kulumikizana pakati pa zigawo za fupa anakhudzidwa.

Ganyu - kugwirizana pakati pa zigawo za fupa si wosweka kapena kusokonezedwa pang'ono.

mandibular wovulala kuchepetsa poyamba kumafuna mayikidwe a zotsala fupa, kuchotsa edema, inatuluka okhwima fixation chofunika.

Pankhani ya fupa lothyoka la nsagwada chapamwamba zambiri zofunika kutambasuka ake. Kuchita izi, ntchito orthosis wapadera, amene pang'onopang'ono akubwerera fupa awonongeka udindo zolondola.

mtundu uwu kuvulazidwa ndi woopsa kwambiri chifukwa imfayo asphyxia kuti, pa thandizo mwadzidzidzi kungachititse kuti imfa. Pofuna kupewa suffocation, ayenera kutsukidwa kuchokera mkamwa ya matupi yachilendo, magazi, ndiyeno munthuyo mu malo yopingasa, chafufumimba, tucked pansi chifuwa anapinda bulangeti kapena zovala.

Splinting wovulala pachibwano

The njira zoyambirira za mankhwalawa fractures a nsagwada ndi splinting - ndi fixation makombo fupa ndi kumanga wapadera wa waya kapena mapulasitiki.

Splinting ndi mitundu zotsatirazi:

1. Unilateral - ntchito kumapeto kwa theka la fupa ndi. Ntchito waya, amene anaphatikiza m'dera wovulala.
2. Duplex - waya stiffer ntchito khalani zina nthambi ndi mphete.
3. Claw - ntchito kumapeto kwa nsagwada chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi kuchepetsa. Ntchito ya waya mkuwa, amene anaphatikiza mano, ndipo mphete mphira analanda nsagwada onse.

tayala A ndi nsagwada wosweka angakhalenso pulasitiki. Amanena pansi pachigama, akuthamanga pamodzi masaya ake ndipo chili ndi bandeji kuzungulira mutu wake. Koma njira imeneyi kawirikawiri agwiritsa ntchito ngati chofunika splinting mwadzidzidzi (mwachitsanzo, pamene amakasiya wodwalayo chikhazikitso zachipatala).

Ngati munthu ali ndi fupa lothyoka zovuta za pachibwano splinting ikuchitika mosamalitsa kutsatira mayikidwe a zotsala fupa. Mwina amafuna zina zipangizo kunja fixation.

zosokonezeka zotheka

Ndi mavuto N'kuthekanso fractures a nsagwada chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi ndi:

• sinusitis;
• osteomyelitis;
• cholakwika maphatikizidwe makombo;
• olowa onyenga.

Sinusitis zambiri amapezeka mu fractures a nsagwada chapamwamba ndipo chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa maxillary nkusani zidutswa ang'onoang'ono fupa.

Osteomyelitis - vuto wamba wovulala nsagwada m'munsi. Bwaloli mafinya mapangidwe imagwira mafupa. Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha kudwala izi Kwalamulidwa mankhwala antimicrobial mankhwala thupi, mavitamini.

Molakwa zinaphatikizidwa nsagwada wovulala kumachitika milandu zotsatirazi:

• kudwala kenako anatembenukira kwa malo dokotala;
• linaphwanya chithandizo kamwedwe;
• pamene panali wosweka chibwano, splinting alipire si njira yoyenera.

Athetse vutoli kungakhale opaleshoni (amachita) kapena kudzera mwa dongosolo utsi.

Onyenga olowa kumachitika pamene osteomyelitis ndi kuphwanya chibwano ndi kuyenda mu ena zigawo. Chithandizo kokha kugwira ntchito.

konzanso

Nthawi kuchira pambuyo wovulala pachibwano limapangidwa zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Kukondetsa makombo fupa. Zona tayala nsagwada wosweka ndi zina zina kukonza zipangizo.
2. Anti-yotupa mankhwala. Pamafunikanso mankhwala mankhwala antifungal ndi bracing.
3. Yoyenera m'kamwa ukhondo. Mwambo monga dokotala ndi wodwalayo. Yankholo mu tayala kuyeretsa mano chakudya zinyalala, m'kamwa wapadera processing antimicrobials. Daily rinsing zizichitidwa soda njira, ndipo atatha kudya ntchito antiseptics.
4. Physiotherapy - Zochita wapadera umalimbana kubwezeretsa ntchito chibwano. Zochita ayenera kuyambira tsiku loyamba la choipa, kuteteza mapangidwe zipsera ndi kupewa mavuto monga cholakwika accrete wovulala pachibwano.

Kubwezeretsa zonse ntchito chibwano ayenera kuchitidwa Tsiku lililonse. Mfundo zake ndi kukhala minofu ndi mafupa. Kuti muchite izi muyenera kuchita kutikita, ndi pite ku katchulidwe ka makalata, zikumveka, kukamwa lotseguka. Mukhoza yesezera kayendedwe kutafuna. Poyamba, sipadzakhala zopweteka, koma pang'ono ndi pang'ono kusapeza zidzachoka.

Ngati mwana wavulala ...

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, mtundu uwu kuwonongeka ndinawona anyamata a zaka zapakati pa zaka 6 mpaka 14, mwachitsanzo. E. Mu nthawi ya mwakhama galimoto, ndiye chiwerengero cha ngozi ndi zimachepa. Atsikana komanso ngati malingana m'badwo wa zochitika za fractures si chizindikiro. Mulimonsemo, kuvulala izi zosasangalatsa kwambiri, koma chinthu choyipa - mfundo imene makamaka limodzi ndi choipa ubongo zoopsa, kuphwanya umphumphu wa fupa zina ndi minofu zofewa. Kwakung'ono mosamalitsa osavomerezeka kuchita. Pa kukayikitsa pang'ono wovulala ayenera yomweyo kupempha thandizo oyenerera.

Mukadzapita ku dokotala amapanga mbiri zachipatala. Zowoneka oterewa ndi nsagwada wosweka Sizotheka, kotero katswiri ndithu kusankha pachifuwa X-ray. Malinga ndi zotsatira analemba chakudya. The ndondomeko konzanso si wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera tafotokozazi.

malamulo chakudya

Chifukwa chakuti mu ndondomeko ya mankhwala ndi konzanso la nsagwada ali ndi malo amodzi ndi kuvomerezedwa kusintha zakudya. Bone amachiza pasanathe mwezi umodzi (osachepera), ndipo nthawi yonseyi okha chakudya madzi ayenera kudyedwa.

Nsagwada fractures kumafuna kudya chakudya, amene si wandiweyani kugwirizana kwa wowawasa kirimu. menyu zoyerekeza akhoza zigwirizana soups ndi masamba likusokonekera, purees zipatso, mkaka, soups, zosiyanasiyana dzinthu. Pambuyo kuchotsa tayala kuyamba kulandira chakudya chotafuna ayenera pang'onopang'ono kuti tifulumizane a m'mimba.

Kadzutsa chingakhale cha galasi kefir, madzi oatmeal, applesauce.

Nkhomaliro mukhoza kukonza zakudya zachimanga aliyense, msuzi Chicken kapena kalulu ndi kapu ya madzi lalanje.

Monga akamwe zoziziritsa kukhosi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka. Chakudya izo adalipo madzi mbatata msuzi, zipatso puree.