Nyama UK. Flora ndi zomera la Great Britain

Mtundu chilumba lili mbali kumpoto-kumadzulo kwa Ulaya ndi anatchuka chifukwa nyengo yake malinga ndi mwina nkhanza, ndi mvula, chifunga ndi mphepo pafupipafupi. Zonse izi mwachindunji chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi nyama ndi zomera. Mwina nyama ndi zomera za UK si wolemera mu mitundu m'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya kapena dziko, koma ichi sasiya kukongola kwake, wodekha ndi wapadera.

Zochita za chithandizo

Gawo wachokera ku United Kingdom, akhoza kugawidwa mu magulu awiri: High ndi Low Britain. The dera woyamba zikuphatikizapo Ireland Northern, ndipo lili kumadzulo ndi kumpoto kwa dziko. Pakuti alili amakhala ndi maziko olimba kulimbikira wakale, ndi zitunda kwambiri sakukhudzidwa ndi pang'ono m'zidikha. Low Britain kuyambira kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa kwa dziko. Iwo kusiyana ndi malo akakhala ndi phiri laling'ono, m'munsi overlain mwa nyanja miyala wamng'ono. Pamodzi ndi nyengo ndi nthaka ya mtunda amakhudza makhalidwe a nyama ndi zomera dziko UK.

chuma nyengo ndi madzi UK

Pa zinthu nyengo m'dziko lapansi kwambiri anakhudzidwa ndi Gulf Stream. Iwo amalenga ndi kotentha zikuluzikulu chinyezi maziko. Nyengo wofatsa ndi m'chilimwe ndi yozizira fogs pafupipafupi ndi mphepo yamphamvu. Pachaka avareji kutentha +11 ° C kum'mwera ndi pafupifupi +9 ° C mu kumpoto chakum'mawa. mpweya pachaka kwambiri. chifukwa lili m'dera otsika kuthamanga, kukuchitika kum'mawa kuwoloka nyanja ya Atlantic, mu mphepo kum'mwera kumadzulo zimene zafala mwa chaka, ndi m'mapiri, mu dera la kumadzulo kwa dziko.

Ufumu wolemera ka madzi. Chifukwa wambirimbiri mvula mu evaporation muyeso, pafupifupi dera lonse la dziko mitsinje yozama ogwirizana mu zopezera wandiweyani. Nyanja yaikulu inali ku Northern Ireland (Lough Tay) ndi Scotland (Loch Lomond, Loch mwe mu chithunzi pamwambapa). malo ndi wowoneka bwino kwambiri, kumakhala kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama.

Nthaka ndi zomera

Pakuti UK, yodziwika ndi predominance ya nkhalango ndi podzolic dothi bulauni, pa laimu miyala chikhalidwe - humus-carbonate. Chifukwa mvula katundu, iwo onse n'zomwe leached. Choncho, zomera la England ndi zochepa kwambiri, nkhalango kuphimba yekha pafupifupi 10% ya malo a dera. Kotero nyama UK - ndi makamaka okhala zigwa, meadows ndi mchere. Forest pang'ono mu Scotland Komabe, chimakhala chogwidwa ndi heathlands udzu, ndi peat bogs. Wamphamvu mitundu mtengo: paini, larch, spruce ndi thundu. Mu malire m'munsi mwa mapiri a Wales ndi England Komanso anakumana hornbeam, Elm, mumamera phulusa. Kum'mwera kwa dziko ndi kukula mitundu ina yobiriwira lililonse ya Mediterranean. Flora ndi zomera la Britain Mzimuyo nyengo yake. Natural udzu mu Wales ndi England - malo a daffodils zakutchire wotumbululuka chikasu (choyimira cha Wales), komanso maluwa Primrose. phiri malo apamwamba ndi udzu wosakaniza udzu m'madera yofanana ndi mkungudza, crowberry ndi bilberry. Okwera amakhala ndi predominance wa sphagnum peat bogs-pushitsievyh ndi dambo rue ndi ya m'mapiri mapiri.

Ena zomera ndi meadows kwabasi akhala chizindikiro cha British ndi anansi awo. Utoto, clover kapena chigwa, ndithu kuti ankadziwa zambiri, amagwirizana ndi dzina la St. Patrick, woyang'anira woyera wa Ireland. A liki kuthengo ndi chizindikiro cha anthu a Wales. Spiny nthula udzu (onani chithunzi) ndi kale zaka zoposa 500 - chizindikiro cha Scotland, ophatikizapo yemweyo opanduka, komanso khalidwe la dera.

Zinyama Britain

The zomera za dziko komanso sasiyana zosiyanasiyana kwambiri ndi mmene chifukwa Kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Pa nthawi, pali mitundu pafupifupi 70 mu kalasi la nyama, ngakhale kuti 13 iwo zinkachokera, osati zamakolo, kuderako kumeneko. A zosiyanasiyana mbalame osiyana (588 mitundu). Pa nthawi yomweyo zonse padziko m'dera la pafupifupi 250, ndipo 300 n'zochepa kapena chikhatho chimodzi. Nyengo yozizira si abwino zosiyanasiyana zokwawa, amene ali tcheru kusintha kutentha. Zakwawoko lapadziko mitundu isanu yokha, kuphatikiza akamba nyanja (5) ndi zokwawa anabweretsa kwa chilumbachi ndi mwamuna (7).

Maphunziro nyama: mitundu

UK gombe kusamba ndi nyanja ya Atlantic, ndipo izi anafotokoza kuchuluka kwa mitundu m'madzi. Chotero, inu mukhoza kukumana wamba ndi imvi chisindikizo pa magombe a mchenga ndi nsangalabwi. Mu madzi Kupititsa anthu buluu ndipo amakhala wamtali, sei chinsomba, chipsyepsye chinsomba, Minke, anamgumiwa (Gray, Atlantic woyera amaganiza, akupera wamba, woyera-beaked, milozo, botolo, chinsomba) komanso mbira nkhumba, kumpoto botolo chinsomba, beaked chinsomba, beaked chinsomba ndi umuna.

Ena nyama UK ndi kusaka yogwira M'zaka ku nthawi ino, kuti osowa. Osati kwambiri mu nkhalango ya kuthengo ogawika-hoofed nyama monga kale: roe nswala European, wofiira, zamaangamaanga ndi madzi (a yosowa mitundu osatetezeka) nswala, agwape ugonere, muntjac Chinese. Cha adani lalikulu pali nkhandweyo, nkhandwe, mphaka zakutchire, marten, ermine, weasel, polecat, otter, etc. The okhala mwachizolowezi -. Yoongoka, nguluwe shrews. kumuwombera Lagomorphs anapereka okwanira mitundu: kalulu, kalulu ndi akalulu zakutchire, vole, dormice, makoswe ndi mbewa, Caroline ndi mapuloteni wamba.

Komanso Dziwani zosiyanasiyana oimira Mileme banja (mtundu onse 20). Mayina ena ndi nyama zachilendo, pamene ena amadziwa kuti ambiri: lalikulu ndiponso wochepekedwa horseshoe mleme, barbastelle, mochedwa ndi zikopa ziwiri kamvekedwe, kuleza opindika m'makona, madzi, bearded, usiku ndi mleme Brandt ndi, ang'ono ndi wamba noctule, pipistrelle, zofiirira kuleza opindika m'makona mleme ndi imvi.

Mbalame Britain

Mitundu ya oposa mazana asanu mbalame, oposa theka gawo la dziko pali kokha chikhatho chimodzi. zochita za anthu kumakhudza yaikulu malo achilengedwe. Zimenezi zimabweretsa zingapo zosiyanasiyana Phokoso. Choncho, chifukwa cha ngalande achinyontho kwambiri utachepa chiwerengero cha mbalame madzi, koma m'mizinda zimasangalala mpheta nkhunda, anthu amene ali lalikulu kwambiri. The zomera za UK si wolemera mawu zamitundumitundu, ndi mbalame nazonso. Mwa anthu zamakolo ndi Dziwani mbalamezo, starlings, titmice, phwiti, kingfishers (onani chithunzi), Krasnogruda phwiti (chizindikiro cha dziko), Petrel, thrushes, etc. Chiwerengero cha masewera mbalame zazing'ono, koma akadali pali nkhukutembo ndi partridges.

Kodi mitundu ya nyama zokwawa padziko?

Zinthu zokwawa, kuziyika izo modekha, osati zabwino. Choncho, mitundu yonse ya 11, asanu a iwo - msilikaliyo moyo (akamba). Woyamba anthu atatu - ndi buluzi: mwamsanga, viviparous ndi Anguis fragilis (onani chithunzi). Mtundu yamasika ngati njoka, ngati alibe miyendo. Ndi chizolowezi ndithu nyama zakuthengo, ndi ubiquitous. Njoka anakumana mitundu itatu: udzu njoka, yosalala njoka ndi mamba. Kwa anthu mbadwa ya gombe ndi akamba nyanja: loggerhead, hawksbill, wobiriwira ndi Kemp a ridley nyanja kamba.

Kuwonjezera zokwawa awa m'dziko la mitundu osachepera pinomwe litapita pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Zikuphatikizapo red-ndi European dziwe kamba, khoma ndi buluzi wobiriwira, mamba ndi madzi njoka, Aesculapian njoka. Nyama zina UK kamodzi kumene kuli kale m'gawo lake, koma anamwalira patapita kachiwiri kunja.

Maphunziro oimira achule

mitundu mbadwa ya achule, pali ochepa, anthu okwana asanu ndi atatu (tailless 5 ndi 3 tailed). Mu mitsinje ndi m'mavuto anapeza newts: nitenosny, wamba ndi zisa (onani chithunzi). Oimira imvi tailless ndi wamba bango achule, achule (dziwe, nimble ndi mankhwala). Amadziwika monga osachepera mitundu khumi anayambitsa. Ena mwa iwo ndi Tritons (ya m'mapiri, seropyatnisty ndi za nsangalabwi), edible chule, moto salamander, lachikasu bellied umodzi wa achule, etc.

okhala Invertebrates UK

nyama za m'tchire ndi unobtrusive, koma ochuluka kuposa onse mu chiwerengero ndipo yosiyanasiyana mitundu. mtundu nkhono ukufanizidwa ndi mitundu 220 lapansi. Ambiri ndi ambiri kalasi - zoona, tizilombo. Mu UK pali oposa 20,000 mitundu, kuphatikizapo kafadala, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera ndi dragonflies.

Nyama UK yodziwika ndi zochepa chiwerengero cha mitundu ndi akukhudzidwira otsika anthu. Ichi ndi chifukwa osati kwa nyengo. Anthu alowererepo kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, ngalande achinyontho ndi chiwonongeko, yomwe inatenga zaka zambiri, ndithudi anapereka.