Oak (mtengo): malongosoledwe. Zingati wathundu

Oak ndi mtundu wa zomera, m'dziko la banja la mumamera. Pali mitundu iwiri: Mitengo ndi zitsamba. Oak Chili oposa 500 Mitundu. Areoles malo mtengo ankaimira kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Zomera amakonda kuzizira, kotero kum'mwera kwa dziko akukhala yekha pa okwera otentha. Masamba ndi zipatso komanso anazindikira, mwina edible ndi athanzi.

kusasitsa mkombero

Oak - mtengo umene uli ku mitundu yobiriwira zomera. korona wake sizingasinthidwe kwa zaka zingapo. Komabe, pali miyala imene masamba kugwa ndi isanayambike chisanu choyamba. Tree inflorescences ndi unisexual, yaing'ono. Dziwani kuti korona chivundikiro pa kubereketsa zomera ndi underdeveloped. maluwa amphamvu okha amene akazi, ndolo anthu akhoza kugwera pa mpweya pang'ono mphepo.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti thundu - mtengo kwa kubereketsa zomera ndi zofunika mamba a mbewu ziwiri. yoopsa kusasitsa amapezeka kutsinde, amene ndi kozungulira yaing'ono. Kenako limakula Kanthanga. Aliyense mtundu wa thundu zipatso ndi maonekedwe osiyana wodzigudubuza. Mu mitundu ina, zipatso zokwana elongated, wachiwiri - kuzungulira ndi yaing'ono, kuchokera kwa yachitatu - orehoobraznye. Iwo amaloledwa kuwoloka mtundu, koma izi zikuoneka kungathe kuchepetsa kwambiri ya zokolola. Tree limakula pang'onopang'ono, koma moyo kwa mazana a zaka. The mizu aumbike m'chaka choyamba, ndiyeno zonse ikusintha. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pambuyo thundu anaona odulidwa ena tchuti chitsa kumera mphukira zochuluka wamphamvu. Oak - matabwa, amene si kumafuna zambiri pa nthaka, kotero nthaka akhoza kukhala chilichonse. Natural kuswana amapezeka zipatso zokwana. Kutalika kwa mtengo ranges mpaka mamita 40-45. Voliyumu ya korona zimadalira mitundu ndi nyengo.

Kufotokozera English thundu

Mtundu wa mbewu imatengedwa kuti ndi ofala, monga wamba kwambiri mu gawo European dzikoli. Oak limakula kuchokera ku Kanthanga mu miyezi sikisi okha. Kenako anapanga thunthu lake korona ndi mizu kwa zaka 20. The mitengo wamkulu kufika msinkhu wa mamita 50. Thunthu ndi nthambi ndi wandiweyani, wamphamvu, anatha kupirira mphepo ngakhale lolemera. M'mikhalidwe ofatsa, ndipo mizu petiolate mitengo yaikulu thundu zimatha kukhala zaka 1,000.

Makungwa ndi woderapo, wandiweyani. Masamba oblong, kukula matabwa ndi 3 mpaka 7 ndi pang'ono yosamveka mano tsamba. mitengo ali ukufalikira mu kasupe mochedwa. Oaks chikondi wamba dzuwa, monga flameproof mbewu. Zipatso zokwana kutalika 3.5 cm.

NKHANI thundu fluffy

Nthawi zambiri, anthu a mitundu akupezeka mu Caucasus, mu Crimea, komanso mu Asia Minor ndi kum'mwera kwa Ulaya. Kutalika kwa mitengo kukula mamita 8-10 yekha. Iwo cholimba ndi kutentha kukana.

Ine ndiyenera kunena, miyala izi mitengo ndi wolephera yofanana zina zambiri mu msinkhu. Koma iwo ndi tortuous kwambiri wandiweyani thunthu ndi nthambi kufalikira. Chifukwa cha kukula yaing'ono ndi lonse korona mbewu zambiri patali akufanana ndi chitsamba chilichonse chachikulu. Masamba yaitali nthawizina kufika 10 cm. Thupi ali oyaka, kukula awiriawiri, masamba pang'ono ananena, mdima wobiriwira. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mamba ozungulira Kanthanga, fluffy kwambiri ndi zofewa.

Kapangidwe ka thundu holm

Wood imatengedwa malo amene Mediterranean ndi Malaya Aziya. Pa nthawi, iwo nakulitsa mwachangu Africa North ndi Europe. Ndi chomera masamba obiriwira, amene kutalika mamita 22-25. Njovu imvi, yosalala. Amatupitsa kufalikira, wandiweyani. Masamba okha ang'ono, variable mu mawonekedwe, chonyezimira, yowala mtundu wobiriwira, leathery. zipatso zipse okha chaka chachiwiri.

Oak amalima mofulumira, kaya nyengo. Iye woyenera ndi ozizira madigiri -20 kuti +40 ndi kutentha. Mthunzi-umboni, chilala zosagwira. Likutchedwa mwala mwala chifukwa chakuti mitengo makamaka kukula pa miyala, mu okwera.

Mbali zimasiyanitsa wofiira thundu

Nthawi zambiri pa gombe la mitsinje. Sakonda madzi patsogolo m'nthaka. Dziko ofiira thundu imatengedwa North America, makamaka Canada. Kutalika kwa mitengo kufika mamita 25. Kunja thunthu wochepa, yosalala. makungwa Gray darkens ndi zaka ndi mng'alu. Amatupitsa shatrovidnaya thundu, wobiriwira ndi tints chikasu pafupi pansi. Masamba lalikulu, nthawi zina awiri ndi 25 cm. Iwo lakuthwa masamba. M'dzinja kufiira ndi kuguluka. zipatso ang'ono, ozungulira, kukula -. 2 cm Mayiko Anali zipatso zokwana wofiira, kupereka bulauni pang'ono. Zipse masika chaka choyamba cha zokolola zoipa. Zisathe kuchulukana - kwa zaka 20.

Hardy mtengo, mwakachetechete chimatsutsana mphepo yamphamvu ndi dzuwa.

Zosangalatsa za mtengo waukulu woyera

Malo mbewu ya nyanja kum'mawa kwa North America. m'minda Large zimapezeka m'nkhalango ndi olemera laimu dothi. Easy kuti ndizicheza ndi mitundu ina ya mitengo. Nkofunika kuti derali anali osaposa kilometre pamwamba pa nyanja. White mitengo sangakhoze kulekerera frosts kwambiri.

Kutalika kwa mtengo okhwima ndi pafupifupi 30 mamita. Amatupitsa wamphamvu shatrovidnaya analenga kufalitsa nthambi. Makungwa mtundu - imvi. mitengo zaka pafupifupi musati osokoneza, mosiyana chereshchatogo zimasokoneza. Masamba chowulungika, lalikulu (mpaka 22 cm), ndi kuti 9 masamba. Pa ukufalikira manyazi, m'chilimwe - wobiriwira, pafupi yozizira ndi chibakuwa ndi kuguluka.

Kanthanga kutalika -. 2.5 masentimita zipatso flakes sadzachitanso utaphimbidwa, kotero kawirikawiri kugwa kwa mtengo kwa mphepo yamphamvu.

Oak Kufotokozera krupnoplodnogo

Mitengo imeneyi ndi North America mitundu. Amakula mamita 30. Thunthu wandiweyani, bulauni mtundu, wamphamvu mng'alu pambuyo zaka zingapo kuyambira mphukira wa. Shatrovidnaya korona mawonekedwe zimatheka wamphamvu kufalitsa nthambi. Masamba oblong, lobed, ali ndi mdima mtundu wobiriwira, younikira dzuwa pambuyo mvula. M'dzinja korona lonse limaguluka, nthawi zina ndi nthambi woonda. Dziwani tsamba awiri -. 25 masentimita zipatso zokwana lalikulu, nthawi zambiri kufika zotalika 5 cm chowulungika mawonekedwe, ndi chachitatu ataphimbidwa ndi mamba ..

Germinates macrocarpa thundu pa liwiro sing'anga. Mbeu ndi hygrophilous kwambiri ndi morozoneustoychivy. Chifukwa cha mtundu umenewu imatengedwa kukongoletsa.

Zosasinthika mgoza thundu

Ambiri Armenia, Iran ndi North Caucasus. Kulima sangakhale. Ambiri zomera - zakutchire. Mu zaka za m'ma 20, mitengo awa akhala m'gulu pangozi, kotero iwo kudula ndi koletsedwa. Mu Hirkan malo makamaka ophunzitsidwa pamwepo.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mgoza thundu ndi osakaniza a mitundu yambiri zakutchire kuti kukula ambiri pa crests wa zitunda ndi. Ndi kuwala kwambiri, amtengo kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, koma salola chilala. Pamene pachimake masamba thundu, mtengo ngati yaikulu mtengo mgoza, mamita 30 mkulu. Thunthu ndi mwachilungamo ang'ono ndi wochepa, kufalitsa nthambi. masamba Large kashtanovidnye zina kutsindika kukula shatrovidnoy korona. Zipatso zokwana pathupi mpaka masentimita 3 m'litali.

Quercus palustris (pyramidal)

Akuti malo zigawo thanthwe kum'mwera kwa Canada. Pa kutalika kwa mtengowo ukufika pafupifupi 25 mamita. Amatupitsa kutali akufanana piramidi. Dziwani kuti pafupifupi merges ndi masamba thunthu. Popeza kuti khungwa bog thundu kwathunthu wobiriwira ndi zowawa za bulauni. Masamba sing'anga, ndi notches kwambiri ndi mano. Mtundu korona - wobiriwira, koma ndi autumn amakhala wofiirira. Zipatso globose, sessile, za 1.5 masentimita awiri.

mbewu thundu ngati madzi, komanso mitengo okhwima. Pakuti zina dongosolo chinyezi mizu apita chozama mu nthaka. Habitat zimasokoneza - moorland. Pyramidal thundu amakula msanga, kumwalira frosts yaitali. Kawirikawiri chachikulu malo zakutchire angapezeke m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi madamu.

Growth ndi kubalana

English thundu mitengo ndi krupnoplodnogo wovuta kwambiri chinyezi ndi mchere nthaka chuma. N'chifukwa chake msanga kumera m'chipululu chigumula mitsinje komanso kwambiri loam nkhalango. Iwo ali osavomerezeka kubzala mbewu thundu mu podzol nthaka. Mu zikumera ngati nthaka mofulumira kutayika, chifukwa mizu sangathe atathana chifukwa cha asidi wambiri humus lapansi.

Bzalani zipatso zokwana wolakalakika yophukira mochedwa. Zipatso ayenera kukhala watsopano. Ngati ife tikuvomereza kuyanika pang'ono zipatso zokwana, mlingo kumera yafupika nthawi. Kuya kwa kubzala -. 5 mpaka 8 masentimita Before kukula thundu, ndikofunika kudziwa kuti makalata yodzala ayenera ukala. Kuteteza majeremusi ndi tizirombo ndi zofunika kuphimba nthambi spruce. M'pofunikanso kukhalabe khola nthaka kutentha (osachepera 2 madigiri). wamaluwa ambiri akudabwa momwe kukula wathundu, ngati mitengo ena chifukwa cha mmene zinthu musataye zipatso zokwana. Pakuti tingalandire ndondomeko kuswana. Green cuttings ayenera kuchotsa mu zoyambirira za m'chilimwe. Usachite wabisa ntchito ngati manyowa wapadera IAA. Komanso muyenera kudziwa kuti cuttings a mitengo achinyamata kukula kwambiri msanga ndiponso mosavuta kuposa akale (zaka zoposa 20).

NKHANI kudulira mitengo

A m'banjali wa mitengo ngati mosamalitsa, ngakhale kuti amaonedwa zakutchire. Makamaka pa mbewu ndondomeko zokolola amadza. Oak - mtengo ndi nthambi monopodial. Choncho, tsinde iyenera akupitirizabe kukwera mpaka mapeto a moyo wa mbewu. Pankhaniyi, nsonga sangathe okha mu msinkhu. Nthawi zonse umalamulira pa mphukira zina.

Kudulira aperekedwe pakatha zaka zingapo. Nthawi akadakwanitsira adzachotsa nthambi mu kasupe oyambirira kapena mochedwa yozizira. Nkofunika kuti kutentha mpweya nkhaniyi osati pansipa -5 ° C. Apo ayi frostbite limapezeka m'malo odulidwa. Pofika m'chilimwe nthambi lopuwala pansi. Ngati padzakhala ambiri, ndiye onse adzataika mtengo. Kuchotsa ayenera kukhala mutu okha mphukira zatsopano, akupeza ndi nthambi matenda.

Zothandiza ndi zoipa katundu wa thundu

Zolinga thanzi Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito khungwa ndi nthambi achinyamata a mtengo, komanso zipatso zokwana, kawirikawiri - masamba. Mu zigawo chapamwamba thundu thunthu muli zambiri zidulo utomoni, shuga ndi pectin. The zikuchokera zipatso zothandiza monga zinthu monga mafuta organic, mapuloteni, wowuma. Pali khungu zosakaniza, utoto ndi gulu pentosan mu masamba achinyamata. Chifukwa chipatso ichi cha mtengo komanso zothandiza odana ndi yotupa wothandizila amapangidwa. Amagwiritsidwanso odziwika katundu antispasmodic wa thundu. Mwachitsanzo, makungwa bwino wothandiza matenda a m'matumbo, magazi m'mimba, gastritis, matenda a ndulu ndi chiwindi. Tinctures thundu kuchuluka ntchito m'maganizo ndi m'thupi, zingachepetse ndi CNS, kusintha mtima patency.

Komano, kukonzekera pamaziko a zomera ndi contraindicated ana ndi odwala matenda kudzimbidwa, zotupa m'mimba, kunyansidwa, zilonda zam'mimba.

nchito kwa zopezeka

Oaks nthawi zambiri, ntchito yomanga ndi kuphika, komanso makampani kuwala. Utuchi zimapangitsa Nkhata Bay ndi mipando. Wood ndi abwino kwa zombo pamwamba, malinga, nyumba makina, ulimi wa mbiya. Matabwa musati pathupi, bwino anayatsa, mphamvu osiyana, kuuma ndi osalimba.

Pamene pachimake masamba thundu ndipo zipatso zokwana zipse, pakubwera kuphika. Mu North America, chipatso cha mtengo kawirikawiri anawonjezera kuti khofi, maswiti ndi mbale kwambiri tsaya. Mu Asia, zipatso zokwana ankadya yokazinga ndi zonunkhira.