Pogona maluwa kwa dzinja mu dera Leningrad. Dongosololi anauka kwa malo okhala kwa dzinja?

Rose wakhala ankaona mfumukazi ya munda uliwonse, ndi chisamaliro amafuna kudziwa wapadera ndi luso. Achire Hardy mitundu kupanga kubzala duwa si mwayi madera a kum'mwera kwa Russia, komanso kumpoto, kumene iwo ali pansi kuisamalira, amakondwera makamu chaka kuposa wina. Pogona maluwa kwa dzinja mu dera Leningrad ali ndi makhalidwe ake, chifukwa iwo alibe nawo nthawi zonse achisanu yozizira ndi kusiyana kutentha kungachititse kuti imfa ya mbewu.

Zosiyanasiyana kudera Leningrad

Si nthawi zonse maluwa anabzala pa bwino kwambiri tipulumuke chisanu, m'modzi mwa zifukwa zikhoza kukhala:

• Kusagwiritsa njira ya distillation. Ndithu mu chitsamba chilichonse kutentha ndi rootstocks sanali kuchita chisanu.
• Zosiyanasiyana. Galimoto kapena malo amaonera osachepera mantha chisanu ndi kupulumuka yozizira ndi chitetezo kochepa. Zophatikiza Tiyi ndi kukwera sukulu ndi kutentha wachikondi, napempha yomanga zipangizo zodzitetezera. Sredneustoychivye - m'zigawozigawo floribunda ndi mitundu kakang'ono maluwa.

Main mitundu ya ntchito

Pogona maluwa kwa dzinja mu dera Leningrad chikuchitika mu magawo angapo:

• Analeka kudya.
• Yokonza.
• Kukonza.
• Processing.
• Hilling.
• Pogona.

Aliyense ntchito ali ndi makhalidwe ake, malingana ndi dera komanso mtundu wa duwa nyengo. Nthawi malinga ndi kusiyana kutentha pa nthawi ntchito kukonzekera ngati ofunda kugwa, m'nyumba sangathe seshit, pamene yozizira koopsa mofulumira pansipa -5 ° C ndi watanthauzo mofulumira.

Chiyambi cha ntchito kukonzekera

Pogona maluwa kwa dzinja mu dera Leningrad kumayambira theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. Malinga ndi mtundu wachibadwa wa kalendala, wokonzeka kugwa, m'mbuyo ndondomeko za kukula mofulumira, ndipo koletsedwa pa nthawi iyi:

• Mapeto a July - kupanga zovuta kukula nyengo feteleza (asafe).
• Chiyambi cha yophukira - kuwadula ndi masamba kusiya wilted, kuti kulowerera ndi chomera kumaliza mkombero wodzaza maluwa.

Aliyense zochita tangotchulawo atha kutumikira ngati nzothandiza makamaka chitukuko cha mphukira zatsopano, zomwe ndi osafunika kwambiri pamaso pa isanayambike frosts.

Pakati pa mwezi woyamba ya nyundo m'pofunika manyowa chitsamba potaziyamu ndi kukonzekera magnesium, kuonetsetsa azipeza zakudya kukula bwino mu kasupe.

Panthawi imeneyi, ndi zofunika kumasula nthaka, kotero opaleshoni akhoza kuyamba ndondomeko kukula kwa duwa.

Pakutha September, masamba tchire kuyamba ziume, ndipo nthawi ifika kuchotsa masamba yellowed. Muyenera kuyamba ndi masamba odwala, kumapeto ya nyundo ndi chiyambi cha chivundikiro, ndi wolakalakika wakupatsa kuchotsa masamba youma, koma n'zotheka kuchepetsa kukolola ndi moto kokha odwala mphukira.

kudulira

miyeso kuvomerezedwa kuti kupereka zabwino chisanu ndi masika ukufalikira maluwa - ndi pogona kwa dzinja ndi kudulira. Mtundu wa ntchito anatsimikiza zosiyanasiyana za mbewu.

Chepetsa thengo zonse n'kofunika, mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu. kuchotsedwa:

• Maluwa, masamba.
• Kudwala ndi kufowoka zimayambira, amene sitingathe kupita chisanu ndi kufa, zomwe zingachititse kuti matenda a chitsamba.

Pambuyo yokonza chitsamba, malingana ndi kukula kwake, ayenera kukhala oposa 5 nthambi zikuluzikulu, ena onse ayenera kuchotsedwa. ntchito zonse ayenera kuchitika kokha ndi chida chakuthwa, kusiyira odulidwa oblique.

Msinkhu mphukira anatilola wintering, zimadalira zosiyanasiyana ndi.

• mitundu Frost zosagwira kwa nkhalango pafupifupi adzafupikitsidwa unachitika yokha kuteteza kuyeretsa ndi yoyeretsa ya nthambi ofooka.
• The wosakanizidwa tiyi, floribunda ndi ena mitundu zochepa zosagwira wa kudula Ambiri a mbali mlengalenga, osasiya kuposa 5 impso.

njira munthu amafuna kukwera maluwa, ndi malo okhala kwa mbewu chisanu ndi zinazake chifukwa cha yaitali zimayambira, amene zayamba adzafupikitsidwa. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa matenda ndi youma mbali, komanso onse zitsamba.

Kusankha apereke kudula, mukhoza kuyamba kuyeretsa dziko pokrova.Uborka ayenera kusamala, tsogolo la denga sayenera chilichonse chimene kukhala chifukwa cha zowola.

Disinfection ndi hilling

wamaluwa ambiri amafunsa funso limeneli: ". Kodi kusamalira maluwa kutsogolo kwa malo okhala kwa dzinja" Pali njira zingapo:

• Chakale zosinthika: 5% chitsulo sulphate kapena Bordeaux kusakaniza. Koma umboni wakuti zambiri mankhwala otetezera ayenera idzachitika m'chilimwe ndi chifukwa ichi, wamaluwa ambiri ntchito "fitosporin", amene amapereka wabwino tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwenikweni.
• A njira chosavuta si nthawi zonse wogwira mtima njira ya ntchito phulusa. Kuwaza nthaka ndi mphukira yonyowa: wina akhoza wa phulusa youma pa 1 mita ^2.
  

Ridging - zimatenga zofala kwa wamaluwa ambiri, mu nkhani ya maluwa ndi zofunika kuchita mchenga, pambuyo disinfection, monga dothi pansi chitsamba akhoza amapanga ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo osiyana ndi bowa. Chimwala kutalika zimadalira kukula kwa chitsamba, pafupifupi osachepera 20 cm. The lotayirira kugwirizana mchenga amateteza dongosolo muzu, ayi n'kupanga kutumphuka yozizira koopsa, kulimbikitsa mpweya wabwino wa mbali mobisa wa mbewu.

Processing maluwa kutsogolo kwa malo okhala kwa dzinja ndi hilling zachitika pa nthaka youma, ndipo mphukira. The vuto nthawi imeneyi akhoza kukhala mvula, si zachilendo, makamaka mu kugwa. Pelekani losavuta: ntchito polyethylene mu mawonekedwe a ambulera kapena hema. Phimbani pamene zofunika Chitsamba Choyaka osati kokha, komanso nthaka.

kuphika pogona

Iwo ali osavomerezeka kuyamba ndondomeko m'ziwawa kukwaniritsa matenthedwe kutchinjiriza -5 C ° (yovuta kutentha kwa mitundu Hardy ndi makhalidwe otsika), monga Manga oyambirira ifenso kufooketsa chitsamba. Nthawi zambiri kuphimba nyengo - ichi ndi mapeto a October kapena oyambirira November.

Labor athandizira zimadalira zosiyanasiyana ndi, yolemetsa kwambiri kukwera maluwa, ndi malo okhala kwa mbewu yozizira napereka ndi nthawi yaikulu zatrachivaniya ndi chuma, monga nthambi za tchire ali sanadulidwe pamaso hibernation, ayenera kukhotetsa bwino. Izi zichitike pang'onopang'ono, ngati n'koyenera, pang'ono kumasula pansi chitsamba. Ulusi M'mangeni zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo pa poyamba anayakira udzu, kapena zishango lapnikom pamwamba ndi zopalira lokhazikika.

Kuteteza mitundu kutentha wachikondi

Amafuna kusamalidwa ndi kukwera duwa, ndi pogona kwa dzinja akhoza akuyendera m'njira zambiri, kusankha zimadalira ankafika wa dera ndi kuthekera kwa eni:

Chishango. Odalirika ndi nthawi yambiri njira, imene imapereka amaposa a mtundu kupulumuka ngakhale kuzizira kwambiri.

• Amafuna pamaso pa misomali awiri ananamizira matabwa matabwa, kutalika zimadalira kutalika kwa duwa, m'lifupi 90 cm.
• Ikani pamwamba pa kapangidwe yoikika nthambi.
• Zisokoneze mu nthaka kusunga denga pa kukondera lapansi.
• Top pabwino chitetezo ku chinyezi: filimu lapnikom. Nthawi zambiri pali malangizo kudzaza dziko lapansi film, koma osati wamaluwa onse kupita chifukwa choopa zikamera wa condensate kwambiri.

chishango wopangidwa ndi matabwa, optionally kuwabweretsa pansi mwamphamvu, pamaso pa slits alandiridwa. Muyezo waukulu - kudalirika, katundu chisanu wofuka akhoza kuswa dongosolo kuwononga chikwapu ananyamuka.

Izo ntchito monga njira chimango ndi kokha.

Ngati chachiwiri mphukira zokhudzana okutidwa ndi nthambi spruce ndi lutrasilom, kukanikiza pansi ndi njerwa lapansi, matabwa ndi lona.

Pafupipafupi - kutentha ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsamba, mwa womwenso ndi kukwera anauka, ndi pogona kwa dzinja Pankhaniyi adzakhala ndi makhalidwe yake.

Nthambi sangakhoze adatchithisira pansi, ayenera kukonza nsanamira kwa yatsekera-zogwiriziza, ndiyeno kuchita chotsekeracho.

Pogona sukulu floribunda, tiyi hybrid

Nthawi zambiri, kunthunzi kuzibweretsa yozizira mu Leningrad dera sing'anga mitundu Hardy anachita mpweya youma njira.

Ubwino: zabwino mpweya wabwino, zosavuta popanga

Muyenera kuchita:

• Foundation-chimango. mipiringidzo abwino zitsulo kapena mmagawo matabwa ndi njanji. Kutalika chimadalira pa chitsamba, zambiri pamwamba chabe masentimita 50.
• Mpanda ayenera wogawana amuzungulire chomera lonse.
• Yomanga kutchinjiriza chivundikiro, chikukonzekera kuti chimango lapansi. Akatswiri ambiri amalangiza ntchito lutrasil kachulukidwe pazipita, mbali - dongosolo breathable popanda popewa makope mpweya ndi zabwino absorbency owonjezera chinyezi. Amagwiritsidwanso anagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri nthambi spruce kapena zipangizo pa dzanja mu mawonekedwe a makatoni, nsalu makalipeti, njira.
• Mbali yakunja ya PEZANI ku polyethylene yonyowa, apangidwe mu zigawo zingapo. Malekezero nthawi yomweyo lotsegukabe.

Yovomerezeka ntchito yadera ndi zigawo ziwiri kuphimba lapnika lutrasila ndipo popanda filimu, kupewa mapangidwe condensate.

The mmunsi mwa kutchinjiriza prikopat, kuti kudalirika waukulu miyala.

Ndikofunikira kutseka gawo chapamwamba chitsamba, ndi lateral kutchinjiriza mbali zasiyidwa pamene choposa -15 °.

Ndipo pamapeto

Pogona kuzibweretsa yozizira m'dera Leningrad ayenera mpweya wokwanira, monga kusintha zonse kutentha kungadzutse condensation, zimene zimapangitsa chitukuko cha matenda nthaka. The yabwino kwambiri wintering maluwa m'madera achisanu a m'derali, m'chigawo chakum'mawa mvula otsika ayenera kupereka ulemu wapadera kwa kutchinjiriza, Kudzaupanga kwambiri podutsa mpweya ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu.