Prokaryotic selo - khungu lake Pre-nyukiliya

Prokaryotic selo - ndi zoona, monga anakonza thupi, amene akuzisunga makhalidwe a makolo. Iwo mwadongosolo allocated kupatukana ufumu Monera, womwenso tizilombo cyanobacteria (buluu wobiriwira algae).

Kodi ndi "langwiro" mu kapangidwe ka zamoyo chisanadze nyukiliya? Prokaryotic selo alibe phata, wazunguliridwa ndi chipolopolo awo, mitochondria ndi plastids. Pakati ndi cytoplasm nucleoid (nyukiliotayidi), chomwe dongosolo lina nukleproteidnoy chikukhudza annular DNA. Uku amatchedwa khromozomu bakiteriya. Obweretsa mabakiteriya khungu ndi buluu wobiriwira algae ndi wosiyana kunja sing'anga wandiweyani mpanda foni kapena kapisozi ndi Kakhungu mucous. Mpanda wa pulayimale structural wagawo makamaka wapangidwa ndi chinthu murein (linakhazikitsidwa mapulotini chakudya), yomwe imagwira ntchito ya mafupa panja, kupereka mawonekedwe ndi kuteteza minofu kuchokera zikuchitika kunja. Nembanemba mkati ali ntchito zotsatirazi: chitetezo, kayendedwe, ndi kugawa maganizo a zikuchitika.

Kapangidwe m'maselo prokaryotic zikusonyeza kuti cytoplasm ndi kapangidwe kake ndi osauka kwambiri kuposa nyukiliya (eukaryotic). Lili ribosomes, zomwe ndi zofunika kwa kaphatikizidwe mapuloteni. Komanso pali Kakhungu dongosolo, amene zinthu monga organelles tchulani - mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi ndi plastids. Mwachitsanzo, selo prokaryotic ali zakulera oumbidwa wotchedwa mesosoma. Ndi apa kuti ndondomeko ya kupuma ndi mphamvu kutulutsidwa mu mabakiteriya.

Komanso, zamoyo chisanadze nyukiliya angathe sporulation, koma iwo sangabale nawo. The spores kapena cysts ndi wandiweyani zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zimene zimathandiza mabakiteriya kupulumuka sinali bwino kwa iwo. Kuchirikiza moyo mu zikhalidwe sanali pachimake amatha kusunga zakudya - mafuta, zovuta chakudya.

Selo prokaryotic akhoza kuchulukitsa ndi magawano, budding ndi conjugation. kuswana njira zimatengera mtundu wa tizilombo kapena cyanobacteria. Division ndi budding - njira zimene zingathe ndi mofulumira kuwonjezera kukula anthu. Conjugation amene amapezeka mu E. coli, ntchito zogonana, zimene zimathandiza kuti kusintha kwa maselo a tizilombo.

Choncho, prokaryotes - maselo chisanadze nyukiliya, amene alibe formalized selo phata ndipo mosatsata organelles ambiri Kakhungu, koma luso kusintha. Kuti anakwanitsa kuti azolowere moyo akukhala palibe amene umapulumuka kwambiri - ndi riyakitala nyukiliya, ndi zitsime za mafuta. A nambala yaikulu oimira ufumu Monera ndi tizilombo ndi zingachititse zosiyanasiyana matenda mwa anthu, nyama ndi zomera (kamwazi, zilonda zapakhosi, TB). Komanso, ena tizilombo amakhala kudalirana ndi eukaryotes (symbiogenesis), mwachitsanzo asafe chikukonzekera mabakiteriya muzu nodule kuti yolowera pa mizu ya nyemba.