SITIMAYI IMAYENDA: mwachidule, makhalidwe ndi zitsanzo

Monga tikudziwa, Lapansi, chifukwa panopa kuti dziko, pali ena yokoka kumunda, ndi maloto anthu wakhala kuthetsa mwa njira iliyonse. SITIMAYI IMAYENDA - liwu wosangalatsa kuposa kunena za chowonadi tsiku ndi tsiku.

Poyamba, zikutanthauza luso Wonenedwa kuti mwachinsinsi kugonjetsa mphamvu yakukoka ndi kulimbikitsa anthu kapena zinthu mu mlengalenga popanda Chalk. Tsopano Komabe, mawu akuti "SITIMAYI IMAYENDA" ndi kale sayansi ndithu.

Pulogalamu angapo malingaliro nzeru, zomwe ndi zochokera zodabwitsazi. Ndipo onse a iwo akuti lonjezo mwayi kwambiri yaitali ntchito mosalekeza. Komabe, levitation maginito anachita si matsenga zidule, ndi ntchito zina zikayenda bwino kwenikweni mu sayansi, akuti amaphunzira mphamvu ya maginito ndi zonse chikugwirizana ndi iwo.

Pang'ono ndithu chiphunzitso

Anthu kutali ndi sayansi, pali maganizo kuti levitation maginito chimatsogoleredwa ndege maginito. Ndipotu, mawu amatanthauza kugonjetsa yokoka phunziro ntchito ndi maginito. La makhalidwe ake ndi kuthamanga maginito, zangokhala ntchito 'kulimbana' ndi kukopa lapansi.

Mwachidule, pamene yokoka imakoka chinthu pansi, kuthamanga maginito imatsogoleredwa kotero kuti anaipidwa ndi izo zosiyana - kumtunda. Choncho, pali levitation maginito. Crux wa kukhazikitsa chiphunzitso ndi munda malo amodzi ndi osakhazikika ndi silitchula mfundo inayake, kotero kuti kukaniza kukopa simungathe ndithu. Choncho, chofunika zinthu wothandiza zomwe kupereka zazikulu maginito bata munda, choncho maginito levitation chodabwitsa chinali zonse. Monga stabilizers njira zosiyanasiyana ntchito izo. Koposa zonse - magetsi inawadutsa kudzera superconductor, koma pali zinthu zina m'munda umenewu.

luso levitation

Ndipotu zosiyanasiyana maginito amatanthauza timapangira akuti kugonjetsa Mphamvu yokoka. Choncho, luso levitation: mubwereze za njira (mwachidule).

Ndi luso maginito, tikuona kuti pang'ono bwino, koma pali njira magetsi. Mosiyana woyamba, wachiwiri angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha nkhani zosiyanasiyana zipangizo (m'nkhani yoyamba - yekha nyese) ngakhale dielectrics. Anagawa monga electrostatic ndi electrodynamic levitation.

Kutheka kwa particles mchikakamizo cha kuwala kuchita kayendedwe kunali kuoneratu Kepler. A kuthamanga kuwala anatsimikizira Lebedev. The tinthu zoyenda mbali ya gwero kuwala (kuwala levitation) photophoresis otchedwa zabwino, ndi zosiyana - negative.

Levitation mphepo, mosiyana ndi kuwala ndi ambiri applicable mu njira zamakono masiku ano. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ndi "khushoni" - mmodzi wa mitundu yake. Losavuta airbag kupeza mosavuta kwambiri - chotengera gawo lapansi ndi kuchuluka kwa mabowo mokhomerera mwa iwo, wothinikizidwa mpweya Nkhuntho. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu Nyamulani mpweya amakhala kulemera kwa mutu, ndipo liwutamira mu mlengalenga.

Last kudziwika kwa sayansi pa mfundo iyi njira - levitation ntchito mafunde lamayimbidwe.

Kodi zitsanzo zina za levitation maginito chiyani?

Amasomphenya akulakalaka chipangizo kunyamula kukula kwa chikwama womwe "levitate" munthu mu njira zofunika pa mtengo kwambiri. Science watenga njira zosiyana, ndi zina zothandiza ndi zotheka - analengedwa ndi sitima kusunthira pa levitation maginito.

History Supertrain

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mfundo za zikuchokera, ntchito galimoto liniya, akadandaule (ndipo ngakhale setifiketi) injiniya German ndipo zatsopano Alfred Zeyn. Ndipo izo zinali mu 1902. Kenako, kukula kwa kuyimitsidwa mu atomu ndi sitima okonzeka ndi iwo, anaonekera aonane panthaŵi inayake: 1906 Franklin Scott Smith anapereka zinachitika lina, pakati pa 1937 ndi 1941. chiwerengero cha eni luso pa mutu yemweyo adachitanso Hermann Kemper, ndi pang'ono kenako Briton Eric Leyzveyt analenga zinachitika ntchito ya injini chachikulu. Mu 60s amenenso nawo chitukuko inamva Hovercraft, amene anali kukhala kwambiri mkulu-liwiro sitima, koma iye sanatero, chifukwa chifukwa cha kusowa ndalama mu 1973, ntchito isachitike.

asanu okha patapita zaka, kachiwiri mu Germany, inamangidwa SITIMAYI IMAYENDA sitima, kupeza chilolezo zoyendera anthu. Njirayo, nawayika Hamburg, anali kutalika zosakwana kilometre, koma lingaliro anauziridwa ndi anthu moti sitimayo ntchito ndi pambuyo chionetserocho, ndi kunyamula anthu 50,000 kwa miyezi itatu. Liwiro izo ndi mfundo ano, sizinali choncho chachikulu - 75 okha km / h.

Osati Fair, ndi Sitimayi malonda (kotero iwo anayitana sitima, ntchito maginito), M'maulendo anga pakati pa ndege ndi sitima ku Birmingham kuyambira 1984, nakhala positi kwa zaka 11. Kutalika anali ngakhale ang'onoang'ono, 600 zokha m, ndi kuphunzitsa pa intaneti mpaka 1.5 cm.

Japanese Baibulo

Mtsogolo, ndi kukomeza za SITIMAYI IMAYENDA sitima ku Europe zinaleka. Koma kumapeto kwa 90 iwo ali ndi chidwi mwachangu ngati dziko zina zamakono monga Japan. m'gawo lake kale anaika ena kudutsa wokongola yaikulu, yomwe kuwuluka Sitimayi kugwiritsa chodabwitsa levitation maginito. Iwo za dziko ndi liwiro timva anapereka sitima izi. Otsiriza a iwo anasonyeza liwiro oposa 550 Km / h.

ziyembekezo Komanso wa

Pa dzanja limodzi, maluso awo ndi wokongola Sitimayi kudya avundulidwe: malinga kuwerengetsera wa theorists, iwo angakhale posachedwapa kuti overclock mpaka makilomita 1000 paola. Pambuyo awo yosonkhezera ndi levitation maginito ndi kumabwezera mmbuyo yekha mpweya kukana. Choncho kupereka kuuluka bwino potsatira njira pazipita popereka kapangidwe kwambiri kumachepetsa mmene iye. Komanso, chifukwa chakuti iwo musakhudze zii, ndi avale ya sitima ngati akuchedwa kwambiri, zimene ndi chuma kwambiri.

Wina kuphatikiza - kuchepetsa phokoso kuti: ndi Sitimayi kusuntha pafupifupi modekha pa sitima wamba. Bonasi komanso ndi ntchito magetsi, motero kuchepetsa yaikulu chikhalidwe ndi chilengedwe. Komanso, SITIMAYI IMAYENDA sitima ndi wakutheker kugonjetsa otsetsereka steeper, ndipo kumatha kufunika kuika njanji anyalanyaza mapiri ndi mibadwo.

Ntchito mu Mphamvu

No zochepa chidwi lathu othandiza tinganene kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mayendedwe maginito mu njira kiyi mfundo. unsembe wawo zochimwazo kumathetsa vuto kwambiri kuyambira avale zakuthupi.

Monga inu mukudziwa, mayendedwe tingachipeze powerenga zisathe mwachilungamo mwamsanga - iwo ali zonse zomwe anakaona mkulu mawotchi katundu. M'madera ena, kufunika m'malo mbali izi zikutanthauza osati zina ndalama, komanso chiopsezo kwa anthu amene akutumikira limagwirira lapansi. Maginito mayendedwe ali wokhoza ntchito nthawi zambiri yaitali, kotero kuti ntchito yawo ndi abwino kwambiri zinthu zilizonse kwambiri. Makamaka mu mphamvu za nyukiliya, mphepo kapena luso mafakitale, limodzi ndi otsika kwambiri kutentha / mkulu.

ndege

Vuto la mmene kukhazikitsa SITIMAYI IMAYENDA, funso wololera lakuti: pamene potsiriza, adzakhala opangidwa ndi kugonjera anthu mwapang'onopang'ono ndi ndege zonse, umene ntchito SITIMAYI IMAYENDA? Ndithudi, umboni anecdotal kuti "UFO" analipo uko. Mwachitsanzo, ku Indian "Vimana" nyengo wakale kapena kale kwambiri kwa ife mu nthawi chiŵerengero Hitler "diskolety" ntchito, kuphatikizapo njira yokonza mu atomu Nyamulani. Anasunga zojambula labwino ndipo ngakhale zithunzi zitsanzo wogwila. funso n'lakuti: mmene kuika maganizo onsewa mu chenicheni? Koma ndiye prototypes si yotheka mu woyamba makono zilibe kupita. Kapena mwina akadali mudziwe kwambiri chinsinsi?