The Moss ndi osiyana algae. makhalidwe a mitundu

Dzina la Moss ndi algae, makamaka dongosolo lawo ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa kudziwika kwa asayansi kwa nthawi yaitali. Maonekedwe, zomera ofanana kwambiri. Komabe, iwo ndi nthumwi za mayunitsi chosiyana taxonomic. M'nkhaniyi tiona kuyang'ana mmene Moss ndi osiyana algae.

gulu la zomera

Pali basi palibe zomera mu chikhalidwe! Mwachidule chodabwitsa zosiyanasiyana zomera: algae, ndere, Mumapezekanso, gymnosperms, maluwa ... basi palibe. Komabe, taxonomists akhoza kuphatikiza iwo m'magulu osiyana potengera mndandanda wa zinthu zofunika anatomical.

Kuyerekezera Moss ndi algae

Chifukwa ndere, Mumapezekanso, algae, lichens ndi zomera? Zamoyo zimenezi onse angathe photosynthesis, omwe ali maselo a plastids wobiriwira chloroplasts. The wosazindikira ambiri a iwo amakhala madzi. Seaweed imeneyi, yomwe ndi gulu la zomera m'munsi. Ndere - lililonse okhala m'dzikolo. Komabe, kubereka awo n'chotheka pamaso pa madzi. Choncho, amakonda malo lonyowa.

Kunja, algae ndi ndere ofanana kwambiri. Choncho, nthawi zambiri osokonezeka. Osati algae zonse zikulire yekha mu madzi. Ena mwa iwo kukhazikika pa makungwa a mitengo, pamwamba pa miyala, nthaka m'madera lonyowa pa chisanu, nyama hairline. Iwo apanga yothandizira wobiriwira chivundikiro, ngati bryophytes. Buluu wobiriwira algae angathe kulowa kudalirana ndi hyphae wa bowa kupanga lichens.

Zochita za zomera m'munsi

Ndere amatchedwa otsika chifukwa thupi lawo ndi akaphatikiza maselo (palibe kulekana pa mizu ya tsinde ndi masamba). Njirayi imatchedwa Slano, Thallus kapena Thallus. maselo ndere si apadera. Iwo anatomically chikugwirizana, koma aliyense wa iwo amachita ntchito zofanana. Ndi rhizoids ndere Ufumuyo gawo lapansi ndi. Kapangidwe ichinso si kupanga zimakhala Koma si angathe kuchita ntchito yake conductive. Inde, ndipo si koyenera, kuyambira m'munsi kukula yekha mu madzi.

Apamwamba n'ngopatsirana zomera - mbadwa kudziko

Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, zomera anasinthira kwa malo lapansi. Oimira loyamba magulu chilengedwe akhala anatuluka mu Devonian. Izi ndi gulu la zomera zinatha, ndipo amatchedwa Rhyniophyta. zipsera awo bwino ukupezeka mafupawa wakale. Awa ndi zomera woyamba kuti anali mfundo za zimakhala conductive. Choncho, iwo amatchedwa mtima. ribbed awo zimayambira forked nthambi, ndipo m'malo mizu akadali akuzisunga rhizoids.

Mu malo Rhyniophyta anabwera ndere. Panopa, pali mitundu pafupifupi 10 chikwi. Mosiyana ndere ku algae si chilengedwe. moyo wawo m'mikhalidwe lapadziko chaonekera zikomo zotheka vuto yokulirapo ya kapangidwe ndi. ndere kwambiri ndi masamba dongosolo. Choncho rhizoids opulumutsidwa m'moyo wawo wonse.

Kapangidwe ka ndere

The Moss ndi osiyana algae? Zomera spore mu mkombero moyo pali kusintha mibadwo. Tiyeni tione ndondomeko imeneyi ndi chitsanzo cha nthumwi ankaikira Moss Kukushkin fulakesi. m'badwo zachiwerewere ali mtundu wa muofesiyo wobiriwira. Zowoneka, ndi amatikumbutsa Mitundu ina ya algae.

Ngati inu kuyang'anitsitsa, chivundikiro wobiriwira tichipeza osiyana mapesi woonda ndi masamba sessile. Mu chilimwe, pa bokosi awo pamwamba aumbike pa tsinde la. m'badwo uno asexual - sporophyte. Fomu bokosi akufanana ndi cuckoo. Choncho dzina la mitundu zomera.

Maselo bokosi okhwima asexual kubalana - mikangano. Akakhwima, anatsanulira mu nthaka ndi kumera. Awiri kachiwiri kukula wobiriwira mphukira masamba. Iwo anapanga ndi ziwalo kugonana kubalana - gametangia. Akamakula kugonana maselo - mazira ndi umuna. Pamaso pa madzi, iwo coalesce kupanga zygote. Kuyambira ilo limakula sporophyte. Choncho, kayendedwe ka moyo wa bryophytes chimakhala chogwidwa ndi m'badwo kugonana.

Mitundu ya zomera: algae, ndere

Popeza algae anaonekera pa dziko kale kwambiri, dongosolo lawo zambiri achikale. Iwo salola zomera kukhala malo atsopano. Kuti timvetsetse zimene Moss ndi osiyana algae, m'pofunika kuganizira peculiarities wa bungwe ndi njira ya moyo wawo.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi dongosolo thupi. ndere onse oyeretsedwa zamoyo multicellular. Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya algae akupezeka. Mwachitsanzo, chlorella ndi chlamydomonas ndi unicellular. Volvox - atsamunda ndere. Amakhala ndi gulu maselo, ogwirizana ndi m'chimake wamba. Kovuta anakonza masamba Chlorella, Spirogyra, kelp, Sargassum. Iwo onse multicellular.

Zinthu zambiri kusiyana angapezeke mu moyo wa mbali ya zinthu izi. Ndipo ndere, ndi algae amatha kubereka. Koma pomaliza, ndondomeko izi zimachitika m'mikhalidwe akumane. Mtundu uwu wa chitetezo cha algae. Mwachitsanzo, pamene kutentha madzi kapena kuyanika wa posungira kholo selo Chlamydomonas kupanga gametes.

Iwo amapita ku madzi ndi pairwise kuphatikiza. Izi zimachititsa zygote ndi - dzira. Iwo ali ndi chipolopolo wandiweyani kuti amalola kusamutsa ake ndi yozizira koopsa ndi kuyanika. M'mikhalidwe yabwino zili zygote wagawanika, umene ndi madzi asexual kubalana maselo motile - zoospores. Iwo kuwonjezera kukula ndi kukhala ndi maonekedwe a akulu.

Choncho, m'nkhani ino ife anayang'ana pa zimene Moss ndi osiyana algae. Zinthu zofunika ndi izi:

• Ndere - zomera achikulire amene anatuluka mu madzi.
• Ndere - woyamba kubwera kumtunda.
• Ndere akhoza kukhala limodzi ndi multicellular. Palinso mitundu atsamunda.
• Onse kufala Moss ndi multicellular zomera, thupi lomwe lili dongosolo la tsamba ndi tsinde.
• Pakuti algae, wamwamuna ndi wamkazi, sporophyte ndi gametophyte zikuwoneka mosiyana. Ndipo Moss akhoza kukhala kusiyana dongosolo lawo.
• Ndere angathe kubereka mbali ya Thallus lapansi. Ndere sangathe kubereka vegetative.