Ulamuliro wa Nazi - ndi ... Chachitatu Ulamuliro wa Nazi mbiri (mwachidule)

Chachitatu Ulamuliro wa Nazi - ndi dzina mwamwayi la Germany mu nthawi kuchuluka kwa kasupe 1933 May 1945. Ngakhale kuti moyo wotero yochepa, anachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya atumwi wotsiriza, kusiya ambiri sakumvetsabe kuthetsa chinsinsi. Tiyeni tiyese mwachidule kufotokoza magawo lofunika kwambiri la tsoka la boma pa nthawi imeneyo. Kumene, ayenera kuyamba kuyambira pamene Hitler anayamba kulamulira, kukumbukira malingaliro iye anapambana mitima ya ambiri a ku Germany ndi poizoni maganizo awo. Koma nkhondoyo - si chinthu chokha chimene ndale wolemekezeka. Pansi phiko lake, anasonkhanitsa asayansi ambiri apadera ndi kuwapatsa mwayi ntchito ndi kuyambitsa. njira walola Germany kutenga chovuta kwambiri zipangizo luso, chifukwa chimene dziko msanga anachira ku chiwonongeko choopsa.

Chiyambi cha dzina

Drittes Ulamuliro wa Nazi mawu amene anawamasulira ku njira German "ulamuliro wa Hitler." N'zochititsa chidwi kuti tanthauzo ili ikumasuliridwa Russian m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mawu akuti "Ulamuliro wa Nazi" angathe kutanthauziridwa monga "boma" ndipo "ufumu" koma iye ali pafupi ndi lingaliro monga "mphamvu". Koma ngakhale Chijeremani, iye angathe kukhala ndi ganizo lachinsinsi. Malinga ndi iye, Ulamuliro wa Nazi - "ufumu". Mlembi wa lingaliro ili linali German mtsogoleri Arthur Moeller Van khola Bruck.

Choyamba ndi Chachiwiri Ulamuliro wa Nazi

The ulamuliro wa Hitler ... The akuti ndi bwino kuti pafupifupi munthu aliyense. Koma ochepa chifukwa chake boma wotchedwa choncho. Chifukwa chachitatu? chakuti Van khola Broek bwino kwa mawu indivisible mphamvu zomwe anali ndi pathupi malo kwa anthu onse German. Malinga ndi maganizo ake, Ulamuliro wa Nazi Choyamba - ndi Roma wa dziko la Germany.

moyo wake unayamba mu 962, ndipo ankafunika mu 1806 chifukwa cha kugonjetsedwa, chimene chinam'chititsa kuti Napoleon. Chachiwiri Ulamuliro wa Nazi otchedwa German Ufumu, olengedwa mwa 1871, pa nthawi imene malamulo a William I. Mbiri yake inatha pambuyo 1918 zisinthe. Akutchedwa Kaiser ndi Germany. Koma ulamuliro wa Hitler, monga Van khola Bruka, kukhala ofooka m'malo mwa Republic Weimar, ndipo amayenera kukhala wokhulupirika. Kale lingaliro la zinatengera Adolf Hitler. Choncho, mbiri ya Germany Mwachidule, monga zikugwirizana motsatizana Ulamuliro wa Nazi.

A mwachidule mbiri

Ndi mochedwa 20 - oyambirira 30 ntchentche. chuma cha padziko lonse linali pansi pa ulamuliro wa mavuto padziko lonse amene wolumala kuphatikizapo Germany. Ndi kuyamba kugwirizana mu 1934, tsogolo la ulamuliro wa Hitler. M'chigawo cha zinthu kukula kwambiri ndale. Pa nthawi yomweyo chinawonjezeka kufunika kwa National Socialist Antchito 'Party. Pa July 1932 chisankho, izo anapambana 37% ya mavoti. Koma, ngakhale amene anaposa chipani zina, koma izi sizinali zokwanira kupanga boma.

The chifukwa chisankho chotsatira chinali ngakhale zochepa (32%). chaka chino onse Pulezidenti Hindenburg analimbikitsa Hitler kukhala membala wa boma, adamfunsa Iye kuika wachiwiri-Chancellor. Komabe, iye anali wofunitsitsa okha udindo wa Chancellor. Only lotsatira yozizira Hindenburg kugonja kwa zinthu izi. Ndipo pa January 30, Adolf Hitler anaikidwa Chancellor.

Kale mu February loletsa Party Communist ndi atsogoleri ake ndi chizunzo amphamvu anayamba, amene chinaperekedwa kwa pafupifupi theka la anthu ake.

Pomwepo kusungunuka kwa Reichstag, ndipo popitapita mu March chisankho anapambana NDSAP. Boma wongokhazikitsidwa kale pa msonkhano woyamba, pa March 23 anavomereza mphamvu zapadera za ufulu Hitler.

Mu July, izo ailetsa magulu onse alipo kupatula Nazi. Komanso kusungunuka mabungwe malonda, ndipo m'malo anapanga German Labor Front. 1938 chinali chiyambi cha kumangidwa ndi chiwonongeko cha Ayuda.

kutchuka Hitler chinakula bwinobwino. A gawo lofunika kwambiri ili nyimbo ndi mabodza: Kaiser a Germany ndi ofooka Weimar Republic zinaletsedwa, ndipo komabe anakumbukira kugonjetsedwa mu First World nkhondo. Komanso, Mfumu chinali chifukwa cha kutchuka kukula mapeto a Great Depression ndi chitukuko noticeable zachuma. Chapadera n'chakuti nthawi imeneyi dziko wakhala akutsogolera kubala zitsulo monga zotayidwa ndi zitsulo.

Mu 1938, Austria anagwirizana Ulamuliro wa Nazi, kenako mu 1939 - ndi Czechoslovakia. Chaka chotsatira, mutu wa Soviet Union ndi Germany zinasaina nonaggression ke.

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse ndi ulamuliro wa Hitler

Mu September 1939, asilikali Ulamuliro wa Nazi analowa Poland. France ndi Britain poyankha, analengeza nkhondo pa Germany. Patapita zaka zitatu za Ulamuliro wa Nazi ku anagonjetsa maiko a ku Ulaya. Mu June 1941, Germany anaukira Soviet Union, wotanganidwa ena m'dziko lake.

M'madera anagonjetsa anaika mode cholepheretsa. Izi chikwiyire zikamera wa magulu zigawenga.

Mu July 1944, ndi kulanda boma anayesa (anakomoka) ndi kuyesa analephera moyo Hitler anali wopangidwa. M'chigawo cha magulu mobisa zigawenga.

May 7, 1945 anasaina kuchita kwa chopanda malire Kudzipereka Germany. May 9 linali tsiku la chimaliziro cha nkhondoyi. Ndipo May 23 anagwidwa ndi boma la ulamuliro wa Hitler.

State ndi dera lawo Kapangidwe ka ulamuliro wa Hitler

Mutu wa ufumuwo anali Chancellor. Mphamvu wamkulu anali anaikira mu manja a boma. Aphungu anali Imperial Zakudya, amene amasankhidwa ndi anthu. Mkati Germany izo analoledwa ntchito kokha National Socialist Antchito 'Party.

The ulamuliro wa Hitler unagawidwa dziko khumi ndi mizinda iwiri.

Mayiko m'gulu boma chifukwa thambo ndi iwo amene amakhala makamaka ku Germany mitundu, anali nawo mu izo ngati Imperial Circle. Iwo ankatchedwa "reyhsgau". Choncho, Austria unagawidwa mabungwe asanu amenewa.

Pa otsala m'mayiko wotanganidwa bungwe Reichskommisariat. A okwana mabungwe asanu otere analenga, anayi anakonza kupanga.

Zizindikiro za ulamuliro wa Hitler

Mwina wotchuka kwambiri ndi bwino chizindikiro amakhala ndi ulamuliro wa Hitler - mbendera wofiira ndi swastika, amene adakali zoletsedwa m'mayiko ambiri. Mwa njira, iwo anaoneka pa pafupifupi onse makhalidwe boma. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti chida cha Ulamuliro wa Nazi, makamaka ozizira, analengedwa kutenga nkhani makhalidwe a yunifolomu ndi zizindikiro za boma. chikhumbo wina ndi chitsulo mtanda ndi malekezero mudakhumudwapo. Chovala manja mwiniyo fanizo la Black Mphungu, mu chiombankhanga amene anali wathundu nkhata ndi swastika a.

"Nyimbo za ku Germany"

Hymn ya ulamuliro wa Hitler - inasintha pafupifupi zaka pamaso pa chiyambi cha Hitler "Nyimbo ya ku Germany." Mlembi lemba la anali HOFFMANN Von Fallersleben. Nyimbo limodzi analemba Yozef Gaydn. Hymn ya ulamuliro wa Hitler tsopano zikuchokera yaikulu ya United Germany. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti "Nyimbo ya ku Germany" m'masiku athu sayambitsa amphamvu mayanjano oipa amenewa, monga swastika lapansi. Komabe, sikuti ntchito kuti akulowera lankhondo la ulamuliro wa Hitler.

Lang'anani, ena a iwo. Mwachitsanzo, zikuchokera olembedwa Horst Wessel, anali ulendo kumenya asilikali ndi chipani cholamulira nyimbo. Masiku ano, ndikoletsedwa ndi malamulo kuyan'anila za Germany ndi Austria.