Т 95 - ПТ-САУ: mbiri, chithunzi, kugwiritsa ntchito nkhondo

Gulu la asilikali loteteza (ACS) ndi galimoto yolimbana ndi mfuti yokhala ndi mfuti yomwe imayikidwa pa chisilamu. Magalimoto oterewa amachititsa nkhondo kupatulapo matanki ena, motero amakhala ndi zizindikiro.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti yokhayokha

Mfuti zokhazokha zimakhala ndi chida champhamvu kwambiri chomwe chingathe kumenyana ndi mdani pamtunda wautali, kotero kuti zimakhala zomveka kuti zifike pafupi ndi mdani. Ku ACS palibe chitetezo champhamvu, chifukwa sichiyenera kuwombera kutsogolo, koma kumbuyo kwa asilikali akuluakulu. Pogwiritsa ntchito mawuwa, SAU ndi zida zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zingathe kusintha msangamsanga malo ake atatha kuwombera. Komabe, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, galimotoyi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito osati zida zonyamula katundu, komanso zida zankhondo zomwe zimayendetsa moto pomenyana ndi asilikali, komanso osokoneza mabomba omwe amatha kusaka ndi kuwononga magalimoto a adani omwe amakhala pafupi ndi aatali.

Mapulojekiti ogwira bwino ndi olephera

Chimodzi mwa zomera zotchuka kwambiri pa nthawi ya nkhondo ya 1939-1945 ndi Soviet SU-76, SU-100, SAU-152 "St. John's wort" ndi German "Stug" ndi "Yagpantera". Izi ndi zitsanzo za zopambana zazitsulo zamtundu uwu zomwe sizimangogonjetsa nkhondo zokha, komanso zinapangitsa kuti zida zankhondo zopangira zida zamakono zikhale zogwira ntchito. Koma palinso kuyesayesa kukhazikitsa ACS yamphamvu kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, American T-95 (PT-SAU) kapena German "heavy mouse", yomwe inathera mu kulephera kwathunthu, monga opanga ndi opanga zinthu anaiwala kuti "yabwino ndi mdani wa zabwino."

American ACS ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse

T-28 "Turtle", yomwe imatchedwa T-95 - PT-SAU, - America yopanga zida zowonongeka kwa maboti, zomwe zinapangidwa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse ndipo ndi wowononga tank. Akatswiri ena a mbiri yakale amaona kuti chitsanzo ichi ndi akasinja aakulu kwambiri. Njira yowonongeka yokhayo inakonzedwa kuyambira 1943, koma kumapeto kwa nkhondo, ntchito yake yosasinthika sinayambe yanyalanyazidwa. Chinthu chokha chimene okonzawo anali ndi nthawi yoti achite ndicho kupanga ziwonetsero ziwiri mu 1945-1946. Ndi misala yake, T-95 (PT-SAU) ndi yachiwiri pambuyo pa "Mouse" ya Chijeremani.

Mbiri ya kupanga "Turtles"

Kumapeto kwa 1943, pulogalamu inayambika ku United States kukonza magalimoto olemera. Amwenyewa akukankhidwa ndi maphunziro apadziko lonse a nkhondo ku Western Front, yomwe inasonyeza kuti magulu ankhondo a Allied angafunike galimoto yowonongeka yomwe ingathe kupyola nyumba zowonongeka za adani.

Monga maziko a tsogolo la T-95 PT-SAU, omangawo anatenga maziko a sitima yapamwamba ya T-23 ndi magetsi a feteleza T1E1. Pachifukwa ichi, mapepala okhala ndi zida zogwiritsa ntchito 200 mm ndi ma 105mm kannake yatsopano. Chida ichi chikhoza kudutsa ndi kuwononga pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa konkire.

Zinakonzedwa kupanga magalimoto okwana 25 mkati mwa chaka, koma lamulo la mabungwe a pansi linatsutsana ndi mapulaniwa ndipo analimbikitsa kupanga ma PTU atatu okha ndi mawotchi. Ngakhale kuti magulu onse amtundu wankhanza ankagwirizanitsidwa, mu March 1945, magalimoto asanu omenyana anali atalamulidwa kale, omwe chitetezo chake chinawonjezeka kufika pa 305 mm zida, kuti kulemera kwa T-95 PT-SAU (chithunzi cha chithunzi chomwe chili pamunsiyi) chiwonjezereke kufika matani 95.

Poyamba tinakonza kupanga tangi popanda nsanja kuti tikhoza kukhala ndi antchito a anthu anayi. Koma mu February 1945 tankiti ya T-28 inatchulidwanso mu chigawo cha T-95 chodziletsa.

Т-95 (ПТ-САУ): mbiri ya ntchito

Kumapeto kwa nkhondo, magalimoto awiri omenyana anapangidwa ku Ulaya ndi pa Pacific Front. Anali ndi magulu awiri aŵiri, omwe anakula kwambiri, ndi injini yapamtunda 500. Izi, komabe, zinali zochepa kwambiri pa kayendetsedwe kake kakang'ono kwambiri. Injiniyi inayikanso pa tchire la Pershing, koma nthawi ziwiri inali yowala kuposa Turtle. Mwa njira, dzina ili laperekedwa kwa T-95. PT-SAU - chitsanzo, msinkhu wothamanga womwe unali 12-13 km / h.

Choncho, mfuti imeneyi yokhala ndi zida zankhondo inali "kuyimirira", yomwe sinali yoyenera kwa utsogoleri wa ankhondo, popeza ACS inkaperekedwa ku malo oyenera okha ndi njanji. Koma ngakhale apa chirichonse sichinali chabwino. Chifukwa cha mbozi yachiwiri, chiwerengero cha mfuti yokhayokhayo inali yaikulu kuposa njanji. Pofuna kuti tipeze T-95, kunali kofunika kuchotsa njira zina, zomwe zinathera maola anayi.

Zida zamakono

Msilikali wamatsinje uyu adalengedwa ndi omanga ngati malo amphamvu omwe amatha kudzikweza ndi adani awo popanda mantha.

Icho chinali kwenikweni nyamakazi yomenyana. Kuchuluka kwake kwa matani 95 kunagawidwa muzitsulo zinayi, chigawo chilichonse - 33 cm. Mfuti yokhala ndi 105 mm ikhoza kuponyera pafupi ndi makina okwana makilomita 19. Koma chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa njirayi chinali zida zake - pambali pa tanki linali 13 masentimita, mbali - 6.5 masentimita, ndipo pansi pa thupi linali ndi zida za 10-15 masentimita.

Komabe, kuthamanga kwapansi ndi ulesi sikunalole kuti tipeze kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa T-95 (PT-ACS).

Zomwe asilikali a magulu ankhondo amachititsa awonetsetsa kuti magalimoto oyenera kugawana ziyenera kuphatikizapo machitidwe a mphamvu ndi chitetezo, komanso kuyenda ndi kuyendetsa. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magawo awiri otsiriza a T-95, anakanidwa ndi lamulo la asilikali a US.

Malo ofooka "Turtles"

Kuphatikizapo kuti zolephera za thanki iyi zinali zofunika, mfuti yokhayokha, ngakhale zankhondo zamphamvu, zinali zosavuta kuwonongeka, monga momwe zasonyezedwera ndi mayesero apamsewu. Chigawo cha T-95 (PT-ACS) cholowera chinali chotsatira.

Malo otetezeka kwambiri a wowononga tank ndi konsisi yake. Ochepa amamenya mbozi - ndipo mzere wodzitetezera umasiya, ndiyeno chitani chilichonse chimene mukuchifuna. Sili ndi mfuti yokhala ndi mfuti, sichikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko. Zida zowonjezera, kupatula pa mfuti yopanga mfuti "Browning", SAU imatero.

Ndiponso, mfundo yofooka ndi zida zankhondo, zomwe makulidwe ake sali oposa 65 mm. Mabanki osasinthika komanso mfuti zozidzimutsa za Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse zikhoza kudutsa T-95 kuchokera kumbali ndi kutsogolo ndi kuwononga zoopsa, zomwe zimachititsa imfa ya ogwira ntchito.

Mbali ina yofooka ya ACS iyi inali yoyimitsa mtsogoleri, yomwe inalibe zida zamphamvu zokwanira.

Ndipo zotsiriza zoipa ndi "Turtles". Nkhondo itatha, zinaonekeratu kuti mphamvu ya mfuti ndi zida sizinathetse zotsatira za nkhondoyi. Likulu la nyumbayi silinapangidwe ndi zida zankhondo zamakono, koma zogwiritsira ntchito mafoni komanso zowonongeka, zomwe zingasinthe mwamsanga malo ake, zitha kumenyana ndi adani ndipo mwamsanga zimatha. Ndipo pokhapokha atanyamula pa nsanja PT-SAU, kunali koyenera kuti azikhala pafupi maola anayi, omwe pansi pa zochitika za nkhondo zamakono ndizosavomerezeka zokha. Zipangizo zoterezi zingathe kuwonongedwa ngakhale pa siteji yotsatsa.

Zida zamakono za "Turtles" T-28 (T-95)

• Kulemera kwa galimoto yokonzekera nkhondo yoyamba kupanga ndi matani 86, mutatha kupanga mobwerezabwereza - matani 95.
• Otsogolera - anthu anayi.
• Kutalika kwa mfuti yokhayokhayo ndi pafupifupi 7.5 mamita, m'lifupi - 4.5 mamita, kutalika - pafupifupi mamita atatu.
• Kutaya - 50 cm.
• Kutalika kwa gawo lapambali ndi 30-31 masentimita.
• Kutalika kwa mbaliyi ndi 6.5 cm, ndi kumbuyo - 5 masentimita.
• Nthendayi ya mfuti yaikulu ndi 105 mm, mfuti yowonjezerayo ndi 12.7 mm.
• Mphamvu zamagetsi - 500 malita. Ndi.
• Malo oyenda pamsewu - makilomita 160.

Kodi chinachitika ndi zotani zokha za T-95?

Kugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe odziteteza okhawo anaimitsidwa mu 1947, monga akasinja olemera T-29 ndi T-30, okhala ndi zida za mfuti, anayamba kupanga podalira.

Zizindikiro zokha za PT-ACS zomwe sizinagwire nawo nkhondo zenizeni zinathera masiku awo mwachisoni: chitsanzo chimodzi pamoto chimatenthedwa kuchokera mkati moti sichikanatha kukonzedwa, ndipo chachiwiri chinangosweka ndipo chinalembedwa kuti chikhale chopanda kanthu.

Pambuyo pa zaka 27, chiwonetsero choterechi chinapezeka ku Virginia. Pambuyo pa kubwezeretsedwa, iye anawonetsedwa mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yotchuka ya Patton (Kentucky).

Zotsatira

Chotsatira cha kubwereza kwa SAU "Turtles" chimatiwonetsa kuti magalimoto amtundu uliwonse ayenera kufanana ndi nthawi yake.

Malingana ndi maonekedwe ake, American T-95 inali galimoto yabwino kwambiri nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse isanayambe, koma pokhala ndi zida zankhondo, izo zinkasokonezeka kwambiri potsata magulu akuluakulu a zida zankhondo ndi zankhondo osati zowonjezera chabe, komanso za otsutsa. Ntchito yambiri pa ntchito yopita kumbuyo inali yopanda phindu, chifukwa inali yotsekedwa.

Powerenga zovuta zomwe zachitika zaka zapitazi, opanga makina okonza masewera amasiku ano amayesa kupanga zida moyenera kuti zimakwaniritse zofunikira za nkhondoyo ndikukwaniritsanso mautumiki olimbana nawo.