Amene anali Anglo-Saxon, ndipo kodi iwo anachokera kuti? Mbiri ya Anglo-Saxon

The Anglo-Saxon anali m'mene cha Angerezi amasiku ano amene ankakhala Britain mu V - zaka XI. Poyamba anali chisokonezeko a mafuko osiyanasiyana Germany, zomwe ndinayamba maziko a mtundu umodzi. Evolution wa anthu achingelezi mu English zinachitika pa Norman anagonjetsa England mu 1066.

Kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino ndi Saxon

Kuti timvetse amene Anglo-Saxon, m'pofunika kuti uone m'mbiri yakale ndi akale a Britain. fuko lino anali chifukwa cha pophatikizana a mafuko angapo Germany. Amenewa anali kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino, Saxon, ndi Jutes. Isanafike III m'ma iwo ankakhala zimene tsopano ndi Germany ndi Denmark. Pamenepo m'gawo achikunja, m'mphepete mwa boma la Roma.

Ufumu wa zaka ankalamulira Britain. Pamene chisumbu kulowa mabungwe choyamba, munkakhala fuko Acelt wa ku Britain m'malo mwa zomwe dziko limalowera dzina lake. M'zaka za m'ma III anayamba Great Ataliatali. Sankawagwiritsa ndi mafuko Germany. Chidziwitso cha kusamuka yakale kumathandiza kumvetsa amene Anglo-Saxon. The alimbane wa wongosamukasamuka kuchokera kummawa anakankha kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino, Saxon ndi Jutes kupita kumadzulo, kuwoloka nyanja ndi kukhazikika mu Britain. anthu Local anatenga alendo ndi udani, nayamba nkhondo yaitali ulamuliro wa chisumbucho.

Education Zisanu Maufumu

Kupeza kunja amene Anglo-Saxon, ndi kumene anachokera, osanenapo kuti anawononga Acelt anthu Britain, zagonjetsedwa kwa wamphamvu Roma. Kuti V atumwi, nkhondo imeneyi inali gawo la nkhondo zikuluzikulu pakati pa Ufumu kufa ndi akunjawo. Mu VI m'ma mphamvu ya Chiroma pachilumbacho ndi m'mbuyomu, ndi Britain anawonongedwa.

Pa m'mayiko ena okha mafuko Germany anakhazikitsa maufumu awo. England - Northumbria, Mercia ndi East Anglia, wa Saxon - Wessex, Essex ndi Sussex, ndi Jutes - Kent. Ngakhale kufanana dziko, iwo nthawi zonse azimenyana wina ndi mzake. kugawikana Political mu maufumu asanu ndi maukulu angapo ang'onoang'ono unapitirira mpaka m'ma IX.

Alfred Veliky

Pang'onopang'ono, mitundu ndi zinenero m'malire mafuko a Germany kwathunthu zidzachotsedwa. Pali zinthu zambiri chinathandiza izi: .. Long moyo limodzi, malonda, maukwati dynastic pakati pa mafumu akulamulira ndi wotchedwa achingelezi anthu, anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma IX pa dera la maufumu asanu. Mbali yofunika ya anthu wakhala yolimbikitsa zachikunja ake. Musanayambe ku chilumba cha kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino ndi Saxon, ngati Germany onse, anali achikunja ndipo anapembedza gulu yake milungu.

Choyamba mu 597 anabatizidwa Mfumu Ethelbert la Kent. Mwambo unachitikira Saint Augustine Katolika. M'kupita kwa nthawi, chiphunzitso chatsopano kufalitsa mwa German anthu onse a Britain. Akristu - kuti Anglo-Saxon amene ndi kuyamba VII - zaka VIII. Wolamulira wa Wessex Egbert, amene analamulira mu 802 -. Zaka 839, anakwanitsa adzalumikizana pansi pa ulamuliro wake maufumu onse asanu ndi awiri. Masiku ano, olemba mbiri amamuona mfumu yoyamba ya England, ngakhale iye sizinathe kuti mutu. mdzukulu wake, Alfred Veliky kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma IX anatsogolera dziko yomenyele ufulu wadziko motsutsa Scandinavia, kusokoneza Britain. Pambuyo kukonza chilumba kwa adani, adatenga choyenera mutu wa mfumu ya England. nyengo yatsopano inayamba mu mbiri ya chitukuko mtunduwo. Masiku ano, olemba mbiri ali kuwona izo IX atumwi, kuwerenga kwambiri kuti tipeze amene Anglo-Saxon. Masiku ano, kudziŵa iwo zachokera Mabuku a m'masiku akale, ndi zokumbidwa pansi.

wamba

Mu gawo kwambiri nyengo anthu a Britain ankachita nawo ulimi. Amene anali Anglo-Saxon mfundo za chikhalidwe bwanji? Iwo anali ndi ufulu wamba (maina awo mapini). Izi nzika wamng'ono anali kwathunthu kudzidalira, sikudalira apamwamba ndi nkhani yekha ufumu. Iwo analipira State za lendi, komanso nawo Vierden - asilikali dziko.

Kuti VIII mbiri m'ma satchula alipo interlayer yozungulira wamba. A anaopsezedwa kwambiri ufulu wawo akhala yowononga Viking anawazunza. Tinfunika anachokera Scandinavia ku chilumba mosayembekezera. Anatentha kuthetsa mtendere ndi anthu anaphedwa kapena anatsogozedwa kuchoka ku ukapolo. Ngakhale ngati mlimi anathawa ku Scandinavia, iye anakhalabe ndi kanthu. Pa nthawi ya zowawa, iye anali kupeza thandizo kuchokera otchuka, ali landholdings lalikulu. Komanso, pa nkhondo ya boma nthawi iliyonse kwambiri kuchuluka misonkho. Extortions anamenyedwa koopsa ngakhale minda amene anali m'madera mtendere. Choncho mbiri ya Anglo-Saxon mwachibadwa pang'onopang'ono anabwera maonekedwe a nyumbayi.

The Norman yogonjetsa

Ndi kupita kwa nthaŵi kuti tipeze amene Anglo-Saxon, ndi kumene anachokera wakhala zovuta chifukwa chakuti chikhalidwe mitundu ndi pang'onopang'ono chinthu chakale pambuyo England anapambana Norman asilikali a Duke Wilhelm I. Mu 1066, zombo wake anachoka wosweka France ndi kukafika ku Britain. Cholinga cha William Mgonjetsi anali English wachifumu, amene adatenga achingelezi mafumu.

Ufumu wofooka chifukwa cha kuukira munthawi yomweyo ya Scandinavia, ankafunanso kuti apeze poponda pa chilumbachi. The Nkhondo ya Hastings Normandy anagonjetsa asilikali mfumu Harold II Godwinson. Posachedwapa, anthu onse a England anali m'manja mwa Wilhelm. mwambo umenewu sanali yosavuta kasinthasintha wolamulirayo, nthawi zambiri zinachitika Ages Middle. Wilhelm adali mlendo - iye anayankhula mu chinenero, ndipo analeredwa ndi anthu osiyana.

Zikamera wa English

Kamodzi mphamvu, mfumu yatsopano inampatsa chilumba wake Norman osankhika. French mwachidule anakhala chinenero cha apamwamba ndi atsogoleri onse. Komabe, zaka achingelezi chilankhulo ukupezeka wamba ambiri. Kusiyana strata chikhalidwe anakhalabe yaitali.

Kale m'zaka za m'ma XII ophatikizidwa m'zinenero ziwiri English (ndi Baibulo oyambirira la masiku), monga anthu a ufumu anayamba kudzitchula British. Komanso, Normandy anabweretsa tingachipeze powerenga feudalism ndi asilikali dongosolo fief. Choncho anabadwa mtundu watsopano, ndipo mawu akuti "Anglo-Saxon" wakhala lingaliro mbiri.