Berezina (mtsinje): ofotokoza ndi mbiri. Berezina Mtsinje pa mapu

Berezin - mtsinje, amene amadziwika osati anthu Russian. Iye zalembedwa mu mbiri ya nkhondo French, ndipo dziko lino adzakumbukira kuti bola kumbukirani mkulu wa Napoleon. Koma mbiri ya mtsinje uwu chikugwirizana ndi zochitika zina ndi ntchito ya usilikali.

Chibelarusi mtsinje Berezina kufotokoza

Ndi mtsinje yaitali mu Belarus, m'litali okwana 613 Km ndi malo okwana beseni lonse ndi 24 500 Km ^2. Berezin ndi ufulu tributary wa Dnieper. Iwo zimachokera ku dera Vitebsk m'dera la zithaphwi pafupi ndi tauni ya Dokshitsy ndi ukuyenda mwa malangizo kum'mwera. Likuyenderera mu ku Central Berezina mbalambanda, izo zifika ku dera Gomel , ndi pafupi ndi mudzi wa Sloboda m'mphepete mwa nyanja amalowa Dnieper.

Mu otsetsereka kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa lokwera Chibelarusi ndi mtsinje beseni, amaona ndi okulira ya Baltic ndi Black Pacific. The kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo mbali ya izo intersects ndi maiwe Pripyat mitsinje Druts ndi mbalame. Ku dziwe kumpoto kwa mtsinje Western Dvina itha n'kuyamba mtsinje Berezina. Pa mapu munakwanisa kuona kuti ali ndi wokongola, kumulowetsa njanji. Kuya kwa mtsinje pa malire akhoza kufika mpaka mamita 7, koma pafupifupi izo zimasiyanasiyana 1.5 kuti 3 meters. Kuwoloka mtsinje njira ndi mwapang'ono, ndiye lakamba zambiri kuchokera mamita 100 mpaka 300.

Magombe mtsinje ndi phompho - mamita 1-2, koma nthawi zina msinkhu wawo angafikire ku mamita 15. Kwenikweni, pa malo otsetsereka choona nkhalango. Kutalika kwa banki bwino ndi zambiri kuposa kumanzere. Berezina Mtsinje (chithunzi tikuonera m'nkhani) ndi kutumiza, koma mu malo aang'ono, pafupi 500 Km.

Chifukwa mtsinje limatchedwa "Berezina"

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti dzina anabwera kwa losavuta mawu Russian birch. Koma ena ndicho chiyambi cha kukayika, chifukwa ngati inu kuganizira suffixes anachokera dzina la mawu kuti kuwomba kwambiri ngati Berezovka, Birch, etc. Choncho, zikuoneka kuti dzina la mtsinje chatifika ku chinenero china, koma amatanthauza belostvoloe mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, mu Baltic-Chilituyaniya "birch" zikumveka ngati "berzinis".

Koma pali anthu amene amaika patsogolo chiphunzitso chakuti mawu "Berezina" chikugwirizana ndi mizu Balto-Asilavo ali ndi mtengo wa "kudya" (Chilituyaniya "burzdus;" Proto-Asilavo "brz"), ndi Russian izo zikumveka ngati kuphatikiza "Greyhounds".

midzi

Pamodzi ndi bedi mtsinje wotere mizinda odziwika bwino monga Borisov, Berezino, Bobruisk ndi Svetlogorsk. Palinso midzi angapo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Berezino lili likulu la dziko pamaso malo awa anali staging ndemanga pa njira mtsinje malonda. Pang'onopang'ono, kugula likulu ndi kuthetsa unakula. Choncho mtsinje Berezina Berezino watenga mbali yaikulu pa maonekedwe a mzinda.

mtsinje Village

Pambuyo m'tauni ya Borisov armhole mtsinjewu pang'onopang'ono kutembenukira mu atachuluka, lowe mtunda. Apa kuthetsa mitundu chosowa cha mbalame aona kwawo nyama zakutchire. M'dera limeneli pali zimbalangondo zambiri ndi njati. Pambuyo Berezinsky Reserve zomera pa mtsinje yafupika ndipo anakhalabe yekha m'mphepete.

Tourism pa mtsinje

Berezin - mtsinje, okondedwa ndi apaulendo ambiri. Mu miyezi yotentha, tchuthi nthawi zonse kufunsa pa kayaks, mabwato kayaks, catamarans ndi zipangizo zina. Ngati mutsata mtsinje, mungasangalale zosiyanasiyana nkhokwe chikhalidwe ndi biosphere malo. Pa magombe a Berezina bungwe magalimoto alendo. Komanso, mtsinje akhoza anafika pa galimoto yake.

Usodzi Berezina

The mtsinje wolemera nsomba. Apa inu kupeza: tench, Pike, roach, bream, nsomba ndi carp. Komanso moyo pano mitengo yofunika kwambiri: chub, njoka yam'madzi, nase, mumapezeka nsomba, walleye, mlamba ndi nase. Nsomba akhoza kukhala malo osiyana, monga mtsinjewo wa nsomba. Ngati izo zimachitika kuti kuluma si, muyenera kuyetsa ndi zida, profiteering kapena malo. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti asodzi awiri kugwira pafupi wina nyambo, munthu akupita, akutiakuti, ndipo chachiwiri si mwayi, analibe ngakhale kukukhudzani. Ngati izi zinachitika kwa inu, yesani kupeza malo awo ndi kuya.

Mark pa mbiri

Pakati am'deralo ndi nthano za Berezina Mtsinje. Iwo amatiuza kuti pa gombe izi wadutsa nkhondo yofunika, ndi French asilikali kutsogoleredwa ndi Napoleon anagonjetsedwa. Lero, kumatikumbutsabe za nkhani imeneyi amadziwika kuti ambiri. Koma ochepa mukudziwa kuti Berezin - mtsinje wa nkhondo zambiri mbiri. Choncho, mu 1709 ndi Swedish Mfumu Karl XII anasamukira asilikali ake kudutsa mtsinje anagonjetsedwa ku Poltava. Komanso mu 1920, mzere kutsogolo kwa Soviet-Polish nkhondo zinafika ku Berezina. Ndipo mu 1944, pamene panali nkhondo dziko lawo, pa mtsinje anakwanitsa akugonjetsa limodzi mwa magulu waukulu German.

Ngakhale kuti mu mbiri chinachitika nkhondo zambiri pa Berezina, wotchuka kwambiri ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa Napoleon.

Nkhondo ndi France

Zichitike nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse mu 1812. Napoleon pambuyo nkhondo ya Red anabwerera ndi asilikali ake ku West. Kutuzov ndi asilikali ake kumbuyo kwambiri. Koma mawerengedwe a chinali chifukwa chakuti Napoleon oletsedwa njira asilikali Chichagin ndi asilikali 25,000, amene angathe kutsatira mbali ya kum'mwera. Ndi kumpoto kwa French patsogolo odziwa Wittgenstein ndi gulu analipo 35,000.

Kuyambira 16 November Chichagov akhoza kulamulira zonse njira ferrying. Malinga ndi dongosolo la lamulo Russian, ndi pa Berezina pa French asilikali pamodzi ndi mfumu yake ayenera wosweka. Pa nthawiyi, Napoleon anali ndi vuto wosachiritsika chifukwa anali kwambiri kuchokera kumbali zonse, nafika ku Berezina Mtsinje. Pa nthawi imeneyo, iye anali asilikali 40 zikwi za nkhondo. Za nambalayi unalasidwa kapena unarmed. French asilikali watopa.

Napoleon Chichaginu anasonyeza kuti akukonzekera zotumiza asilikali ake ku mbali ya kum'mwera kwa tauni ya Borisov. Russian asilikali anayamba n'cigwagwa asilikali ake kuti akufuna kuwoloka mfundo. Panthawi imeneyi, Napoleon anamanga milatho pafupi ndi mudzi wa Studenka, yomwe inali kumpoto kwa Borisov.

The mtsinje kunali kozizira kwambiri moti ayezi floes anali akuyandama pa izo. Kukhala m'khosi anu mu madzi, French anamanga boti kwa maola. anthu ambiri anafa ndi kuzizira. November 26 Army anayamba kuwoloka. Russian General Chaplitsa ndi mphamvu yake yaing'ono anayesa kuletsa likuomba milatho mfuti ziwiri. Close iye sakanakhoza kubwera, monga French kumbuyo. Popeza asilikali Napoleon anali kutumizidwa pafupifupi popanda kusokonezedwa.

Pa tsiku lachiwiri, pamene France akukankha detachment Chaplitsa, pafupi Borisov kumenyana Vitgenshtena asilikali. Chimodzi mwa magulu a French anagonja.

Only pa November 28 pa Nkhondo ya Berezina mtsinje linalowererapo Chichagov. Pa nthawi imeneyi, mtokoma wa asilikali French anatha kuwoloka ndi mwachangu kumbuyo. The napoleonovtsy otsala anayesa kupeza pagombe, mazana a iwo anafa shelling lapansi.

November 29, Wittgenstein anatha kutaya mphamvu zawo zonse ku malo chachikulu cha nkhondo. The zotsala za asilikali Napoleon ndi convoys akhakwanisa tayu kupandira, chifukwa milatho ya zatenthedwa. Asilikali French wataya asilikali oposa 20 zikwi. Koma akufa ndi anthu amene chabe anatsatira Napoleon - ovulala ndi anthu wamba (kuphatikizapo akazi ndi ana). Anafa osati kwa zipolopolo, ambiri mantha kwa imfa kapena kumizidwa mu mtsinje.

The zomvetsa wa asilikali Russian anali pafupifupi kanayi zochepa, koma, ngakhale, nkhondo ankaona kulephera. Napoleon, amene anakodwera, sangathe kusiya ndi kusunga gawo la asilikali ndi kupita naye ku Vilna, Vilnius lero. Chifukwa kuti anali Chichagin.

makamu onse analembedwa chigonjetso abwino. Kotero izo zinali kwenikweni anapambana Russian, koma tactically anapambana kumanzere French. Averchenko moyenerera anati: "Napoleon anali chigonjetso."

Berezina ndi French

Chifukwa cha kuti fateful nkhondo ndi French, yachilendo ya "Berezina". The mtsinje, kapena m'malo dzina wakhala dzina banja ndi ntchito monga "tsoka", "tsoka" kapena "ngoziyo".

Kodi wa asilikali a Napoleon? N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kale kugonjetsedwa kwa asilikali French ankaona Wamkulu. Koma tsopano, kuyambira tsopano, iye pafupifupi unatha. Ngakhale Napoleon analimbikitsa ake ankhondo, ndipo tsopano asilikali ake zimakhalira, osati mantha. Kuyambira pamenepo iye anagonja kwambiri ndi kulephera.